Abstract: Methods and Systems are disclosed for allocating a time-frequency resource of a large cell base station either to a selected first user equipment associated with the base station, or to a selected self-backhaul link associated with a small cell within the coverage area of the large cell base station. In embodiments, data is provided representing target allocation proportions of the time-frequency resource, for each of the first user equipment(s) and the one or more backhaul link(s). Allocations are made, for each of a series of time units or intervals, either to a selected first user equipment or backhaul link based on the target data.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a received radio signal includes at least one processor and at least one memory. The at least one memory storing computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code being configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least in part perform processing (received radio signal data with first and second signal processing chains, which respectively include first and second processing modules configured to respectively determine first output and an estimation of the first output data, and determine second output data using a neural network based on the estimation; updating parameters of the neural network based on the first output data and the second output data; and after the updating, processing the received radio signal data with the second signal processing chain, without applying the first processing module.

Abstract: In the method, the first device may transmit to a second device a first initial duration of the first presentation time offset, where the first presentation time offset is a period from data being input to the first device to the data being output from the second device. Besides, the first device may receive, from the second device, the second initial duration of a second presentation time offset, where the second presentation time offset is a period from data being input to the second device to the data being output from the first device. Afterwards, the first device may determine an adjusted duration of the first presentation time offset based on a longer one of the first initial duration and the second initial duration.

Abstract: A method for modifying an electromagnetic field distribution of a node in a telecommunication network, comprising determining the presence of an entity within a region of interest, and regulating transmission power to the region of interest from the node by varying a spatio-temporal transmission profile of the node in response to determining the presence of the entity in the region for a period of time longer than a predetermined threshold value, wherein modifying the electromagnetic field distribution of the node comprises modifying an average electromagnetic field distribution of said node.

Abstract: A tunnel is established between a gateway and a customer premises equipment (CPE) that are connected by a plurality of concurrent communication paths. In some cases, some the communication paths operate according to different access technologies. The tunnel is associated with a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) session. The packet is encapsulated based on the HTTP session and the encapsulated packet is transmitted over the plurality of concurrent communication paths via the tunnel. Information representing the encapsulated packet is received via the tunnel between the gateway and the CPE. The encapsulated packet is de-encapsulated and a packet of a stateless flow is generated based on a payload of the de-encapsulated packet. In some cases, the stateless flow is a user datagram protocol (UDP) flow and the encapsulated packet is conveyed using a plurality of transmission control protocol (TCP) sessions associated with the plurality of concurrent communication paths.

Abstract: Various example embodiments relate generally to supporting queuing of packets in a communication network. Various example embodiments for supporting queuing of packets in a communication network may be configured to support queueing of packets based on a packet queuing memory space including a hash entry space configured to maintain a set of H hash entries and a packet queue space configured to maintain a set of Q packet queues, wherein H is greater than Q. Various example embodiments for supporting queuing of packets in a communication network may be configured to support queueing of packets in a manner for handling packet events (e.g., packet arrival events, packet departure events, or the like) while preventing or mitigating queue collisions of hash entries (where a queue collision occurs when multiple hash entries, and the respective network flows of those hash entries, are associated with a single packet queue).

Abstract: Various communication systems may benefit from carrier aggregation. For example, carrier aggregation may benefit from improved resource allocation. A method, in certain embodiments, includes allocate resources in a subframe so as to avoid at least one of a first resource or a last resource in the subframe. The subframe does not comprise a sounding reference signal. The method also includes sending a message comprising the resource allocation of the subframe to a user equipment.

Abstract: According to an aspect, there is provided a first apparatus for performing the following. The first apparatus transmits a first protocol data unit, PDU, using enhanced common public radio interface, eCPRI, to a second apparatus. The first PDU comprises a first header and, as payload, at least a first label for the first header. Said first label comprises at least a compressed eCPRI header. Following the transmitting of the first PDU, the first apparatus transmits a second PDU without a header using eCPRI to the second apparatus. The second PDU corresponds to the first header and comprises a second label comprising at least said eCPRI header for enabling accessing of the first header locally by the second apparatus.

Abstract: A polarized antenna array is provided that includes multiple polarized antenna elements. The polarized antenna array has a polarization vector defining a co-polarization direction and a cross-polarization direction. The multiple polarized antenna elements include a first sub-set of polarized antenna elements that collectively have a first polarization vector and a second sub-set of polarized antenna elements that collectively have a second polarization vector. Application of a controlled phase difference between the first sub-set of polarized antenna elements and the second sub-set of polarized antenna elements causes constructive combination of the first polarization vector and second polarization vector in the co-polarization direction and destructive combination of the first polarization vector and the second polarization vector in the cross-polarization direction.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for the generation and adaptation of network baselines are provided. One method may include generating predicted values for one or more network metrics over a future time period, generating a baseline for the network metric(s) using the predicted values and/or historic data, evaluating the network metric(s) to detect changes in network conditions using at least one time series analysis technique, and adapting the baseline to the detected changes in network conditions using historic data, machine learning and/or a time series analysis technique.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method and apparatus. For example, at a first device, a resource for data transmission is randomly selected, and the resource is used to transmit data. In addition, the first device sends, to a second device, an indication that the first device will continue to use the resource for transmitting further data. A corresponding apparatus is further disclosed in the present disclosure.

Abstract: A method comprising: obtaining a first radio signal and a second radio signal, determining a first envelope signal based on the first radio signal and a second envelope signal based on the second radio signal, determining a preview envelope signal based on the first envelope signal and the second envelope signal, determining a common clipping gain signal based on the preview envelope signal, determining a first clipping gain signal based on the common clipping gain signal and a first weighing factor, determining a second clipping gain signal based on the common clipping gain signal and a second weighing factor, performing a first crest factor reduction for the first radio signal utilizing the first clipping gain signal, and performing a second crest factor reduction for the second radio signal utilizing the second clipping gain signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a distributed method and system for independent activation and deactivation of small cells. The method and system consider network traffic at multiple nodes instead of only considering the small cell's own traffic, and may be implemented using existing X2 messages.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus, said apparatus comprising means for, at a first network entity, determining that first resources scheduled for use by a first cell for communication with a user equipment are available at a second cell, receiving an indication from the user equipment to trigger handover from the first cell to the second cell and causing handover of the user equipment from the first cell to the second cell such that the second cell uses the first resources for communication with the user equipment.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement in a mobile communication network infrastructure are provided. The solution comprises implementing (300) core network and radio access network parts of the mobile communication network utilising a single layer of virtualized network function (VNF) components, where a given VNF component is designated to serve a given user equipment. At least part of traffic directed to given user equipment is routed (302) through a routing arrangement comprising a set of routers to the VNF component serving the user equipment. When the VNF component serving the user equipment is changed, the routing arrangement is updated (304) with the change.

Abstract: A method of object management comprises on a managed object instance, in response to receiving a request for a trace session from a trace user, determining the trace session associated with the managed object instance; generating a trace recording session in the trace session, the trace recording session indicating an event occurring after the request is received, the trace recording session being associated with the trace session; generating a trace record at least partially based on trace message in the trace recording session, the trace record being associated with the trace recording session; and generating a trace report at least partially based on the trace record, the trace report being associated with the managed object instance. In this way, the duty of the management plane and control/signalling plane will be separated and the architecture and interaction between management entities and network functions will be simplified.

Abstract: Packet-processing circuitry including one or more flow caches whose contents are managed using a cache-entry replacement policy that is implemented based on one or more updatable counters maintained for each of the cache entries. In an example embodiment, the implemented policy enables the flow cache to effectively catch and keep elephant flows by giving to the caught elephant flows appropriate preference in terms of the cache dwell time, which can beneficially improve the overall cache-hit ratio and/or packet-processing throughput. Some embodiments can be used to implement an Open Virtual Switch (OVS). Some embodiments are advantageously capable of implementing the cache-entry replacement policy with very limited additional memory allocation.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for selecting a transmission direction in a cell.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a User Equipment UE, configured to: support access, via a serving network referred to as local network including an IMS network accessed by a PS domain, without user authentication, to services referred to as Local Services, including non-emergency services.

Abstract: There is provided a method, said method comprising receiving network information, using said network information to determine whether a change to a network is required, and if so, using said network information to determine at least one cause of a change to the network being required and providing, in dependence of the at least one cause, at least one option for at least one change to said network.