Abstract: A reference picture marking process and a reference picture list management process is handled in a unified reference picture marking and reference picture list management process. A new idle reference picture list may be used for handling reference pictures that are not used for reference in the current picture. Differential coding of picture order count may be used to increase coding efficiency. The reference picture management syntax structure may be sent in the picture parameter set for improved coding efficiency e.g. in regular GOP (group of pictures) arrangements.

Abstract: In a non-limiting and exemplary embodiment, a method is provided for arranging multi-channel wireless communications, comprising: determining a first dedicated channel for a first apparatus from a set of channels, receiving an indication of a second dedicated channel for a second apparatus, and communicating with the second apparatus on the first dedicated channel and on the second dedicated channel, wherein a first communications event on the first dedicated channel and a second communication event at the second dedicated channel are carried out at least partially simultaneously.

Abstract: Various methods are described for enabling efficient pre-fetching of media in a DASH system. One example method may comprise accessing information related to a media presentation description (MPD). The information comprising information related to one or more segments of the MPD. The method of this example embodiment may further comprise generating a request for a segment of the MPD. Furthermore, the method of this example embodiment may comprise generating a request for pre-fetching one or more segments different from the requested segment. The method of this example embodiment may further comprise providing for transmission of the request for the segment and the request for pre-fetching the one or more different segments to a proxy cache server. Similar and related example methods, example apparatuses, and example computer program products are also provided.