Abstract: In process controlling computers, such as switching exchanges, faults may prove to be very expensive. Particularly hard to solve are software defects. If problems occur, it is important that maintenance can be directed at the correct target as soon as possible. A threat is constituted by vandals and hackers. If the option for maintaining from elsewhere is incorporated in computers, the danger for misuse consequently increases. Prior art techniques for detecting memory problems do not necessarily reveal defects occurring at regular intervals caused by the method of calculation. Memory defects will occur at regular intervals e.g., if an address line of a memory circuit becomes faulty. A second drawback of the prior art is that the checksum has to be calculated anew if the contents of just one storage location change. The method of detecting memory problems according to the invention is "regularly irregular" so that it detects in a reliable manner an uncontrolled change in any storage area (MA).

Abstract: The invention relates to methods, transmitters and transceivers for transmitting a user signal, particularly a speech or video signal on a circuit-switched connection in a cellular radio network when the bit rate of the user signal varies during transmission. The transmitter comprises a source (2) of a variable bit rate user signal, such as speech or video encoder, and a channel encoder (3) and a radio transmitter unit (7) having an adjustable transmitting power. The capacity allocated for the circuit-switched connection corresponds to the maximum rate of the user signal. The channel encoder (3) has, for the maximum bit rate of the user signal, a first, relatively the least efficient channel coding or no channel coding at all, and for each lower bit rate of the user signal a relatively more efficient channel coding that utilizes the capacity of the circuit-switched connection, released by the lower transfer rate, for improving the interference tolerance of the connection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a connection establishment method and a radio system. When a base station (11) detects a preamble (20) from a subscriber terminal equipment (13), the power adjustment of a closed loop is started for controlling the transmission power of the subscriber terminal equipment (13). Signals (15) of the base station (11) and the subscriber terminal equipment (13) are synchronized and the subscriber terminal equipment (13) sends a randomly selected identifier. The identifier determines a transit channel to which the subscriber terminal equipment (13) suggests to move. The base station (11) may change the suggested transit channel and echo the identifier back to the subscriber terminal equipment (13), and the base station (11) and the subscriber terminal equipment (13) communicate on the transit channel from which they move to a traffic channel. The inventive method accelerates connection establishment.

Abstract: A method for steering an antenna beam and base station equipment including at least one antenna array having a plurality of elements and at least one channel unit having a means for phasing a signal to be transmitted and received by the antenna array such that gain from the antenna array is the greatest in the desired direction. In order to improve the spectral efficiency of the system, the channel unit includes a means for searching for the incoming directions and delays of the received signal components and a means for controlling the phasing means of the opposite transmission direction based on the information.

Abstract: A data transmission method in a system employing information channels having at least two different capacities, on which channels speech is transmitted by at least two different coding techniques in such a manner that on a channel having a higher capacity, fewer symbols to be transmitted are coded from the same speech signal block than on a channel having a lower capacity, includes speech coding, channel coding, dividing the speech signal block, combining parts, adding error correction symbols, adding rail symbols, and convolution coding. It is also possible that the convolution-coded symbols are transmitted as interleaved or that the channel-coded signal is transmitted over the full rate channel. As a result of this method, the cell size of a radio telephone system and thus, the coverage area of the system, is extended without large changes in equipment or without an increase in transmission power.

Abstract: A method for checking the access right of a subscriber equipment in a mobile communication system in which a mobile equipment is registered in a network infrastructure by transmitting the identity of the subscriber from the mobile equipment to the network infrastructure includes transmission of the subscriber equipment identity of the mobile equipment to the network infrastructure, checking the subscriber data of the subscriber in the database of the mobile communication system, and compares the equipment identity of the subscriber, which is stored in the database, to the equipment identity transmitted by the mobile equipment. If the equipment identities are the same, the mobile equipment is allowed to continue operating normally, and if the equipment identities differ, the access right of the mobile equipment will be checked in the equipment identity register of the network infrastructure.

Abstract: A cellular radio network and a method for increasing traffic carrying capacity in a cellular network in which the operating frequency spectrum of the cellular network has been divided so that typically both regular frequencies and super-reuse frequencies are employed in each cell. The regular frequencies use a conventional frequency reuse pattern to provide seamless overall coverage (overlay). A very tight frequency reuse pattern is used for the super-reuse frequencies to provide additional capacity (underlay). The cellular network controls the division of traffic into regular and super-reuse frequencies by radio resource allocation at the call set-up phase and later on during the call by handover procedure. The cellular network continuously monitors the downlink co-channel interference of each super-reuse frequency in the cell separately for each ongoing call.

Abstract: An actuator for creating linear movement is provided. The actuator includes a motor having a rotatable motor axle. As the rotatable motor axle rotates, it uses internal threads to transfer rotational motion to external threads of a movement axle. By transferring the rotational motion of motor axle to the movement axle, the motor's rotating movement is changed into linear movement. This linear movement can then used for moving a frequency control element such as those used in filters, which are in-turn used in the base station of a cellular radio network.

Abstract: A base station for a mobile communication system which has switching centers and base stations connected by telecommunication links, each base station transmitting radio signals divided into a plurality of time-slots in a frame structure, a controller unit for controlling the base station; a transmitter for generating a transmission signal, the transmitter being connected to the switch to supply the transmission signal to the antenna via the switch; a counter for counting the length of time-slots in a frame structure synchronized by a frame alignment signal, a programmable memory in which one or more delay values are each stored as a counter value, a selecting unit for selecting a delay value desired by the user, and a power level memory responsive to the counter and storing power level memory momentary power values corresponding to the parts of the time-slots in the frame structure, as well as information on whether the switch supplying the transmission signal of the transmitter to the antenna is switched of

Abstract: A system and method for setting up a telephone connection which system comprises several exchange systems (100 and 116). A queuing list is used in the method, which list is maintained in such a manner that when no free connection is available, the operator (107) places information about the received call order in the queuing list to wait for a connection to become free. In the method, the loading of connections (108a to 108c, 114, & 115) is monitored, and when the required connections (108a to 108c, 114, & 115) is detected to be free, the connection (108a to 108c, 114, & 115) is reserved for the use of the operator (107) and the operator (107) is sent information about the call order on the queuing list. After this, the operator can put the call through. The method makes the search for free connection automatic in congested directions and therefore the work of the operators (107) will be easier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a digital mobile system and a method for routing a short message via a short message gateway application in a digital mobile system. The invention discloses an arrangement which provides a subscriber with a transparent routine for answering to short messages. A short message reply is routed to the original source address in a gateway application connected to the system by means of a dynamic database by utilizing an identifier identifying the short message reply, formed in the gateway application.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for providing fair traffic scheduling of L2 connections based on the number of IP flows and a priority coefficient for flow groups in the L2 connection. IP flows are scheduled according to a priority coefficient. The system identifies a number of IP flows for a plurality of connections, assigns a priority coefficient for each of the IP flows and schedules the IP flows according to the priority coefficient. The assignment of a priority coefficient results in a probability P.sub.i that a data unit belonging to a flow carried over connection A.sub.i will be selected for forwarding as defined by .sigma..sub.i *x.sub.i /.SIGMA.(x.sub.1 . . . x.sub.n), i={1,2, . . . n}, where x.sub.i is the number of flows carried over connection A.sub.i, .sigma..sub.i is the priority and n is the number of connections. The relationship between the number of flows x.sub.i and the priority .sigma..sub.i is defined by .SIGMA..sub.(e=1-n) (.sigma..sub.i *x.sub.i)/.SIGMA..sub.(i=1-n) x.sub.i =1.

Abstract: A system and method for managing elements of information at a network node received from a user access node. An access node includes a user/network interface (UNI), and a core network node includes a cell filtering unit. The UNI includes a measuring unit, which measures the actual momentary bit rate of a connection between the UNI and the core node, and a priority level computing unit, which computes the priority level of each cell using the measured bit rate and an established nominal bit rate (NBR). NBR represents an expected, but not guaranteed, bit rate associated with a particular user or connection. The connection may be a real-time or a non-real-time connection. A scheduling unit of a node accepts or discards an arriving cell based on the occupancy of a real-time buffer and a non-real-time buffer provided at the node.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for implementing a data system providing computer-controlled services. According to the method, (a) a controlling part (11) of the system is divided into an unchanging part (14) and changing parts (MO) which model, within the controlling part, the elements representing the real world and communicate with them to provide a user with services, (b) a part (12) of the system representing the real world is provided with elements of several different types and several different practical implementations of at least one type, and (c) a separate element is implemented in the controlling part (11) of the system, the unchanging part (14) searching from this element the concrete implementation of the changing part. In order to improve the modifiability of the system, the separate element is implemented in the form of a selector part (61) that is common to the changing parts and that selects the concrete implementation to be used on the basis of the parameters supplied thereto.

Abstract: A method and device for eliminating acoustic echo in a digital mobile communications system, which system includes a mobile station and a fixed mobile network in which speech signal transmission occurs on a radio path in an uplink direction from the mobile station to the fixed mobile network, and in a downlink direction from the fixed mobile network to the mobile station, and in which a speech coding method is employed on the radio path.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of providing connection security for a connection between terminals in a wireless network. In the method data is transmitted from a first terminal (MS1) via nodes in the network to a second terminal (MS2). The method according to the invention is characterized by that it includes the steps of: routing the transmitted data via a mediator (MD), using the first security method for providing connection security at the security protocol layer between the first terminal (MS1) and the mediator (MD), using the second security method for providing connection security at the security protocol layer between the mediator (MD) and the second terminal (MS2), and performing the security method conversion at the security protocol layer at the mediator (MD).

Abstract: A system and method for regulating the cell transfer rate over a network in response to priority level feedback. The feedback feature provides network connection availability information corresponding to a level of bandwidth available on the network connection to the cell source. The connection availability information is converted into a buffer occupancy level accessible at the cell source. The cell transfer rate is regulated at the network source unit in accordance with the buffer occupancy level, including decreasing the cell transfer rate when the buffer occupancy level rises above a high occupancy threshold of the buffer, and increasing the cell transfer rate when the buffer occupancy level drops below a low occupancy threshold of the buffer.

Abstract: A system for adapting packets received from a digital packet network to a radio system which operates on the digital audio broadcasting (DAB) principle. The system has a transmitting end as which a data group includes a data field and a header intended for a service component, the header containing an address field intended for an end-user's address. The service component is transmitted on the transmission path in DAB packets whose header includes an address field (PKT address) identifying the service component and whose data in the data field has been obtained by dividing the data group into segments and by transferring each segment into the data field of one corresponding DAB packet.

Abstract: Many digital processors have an asynchronous bus controlled by two control signals. To interface a synchronous memory to an asynchronous bus, interface logic is required. In an interface for transferring data from an asynchronous circuit to a synchronous circuit, data to be written are written in an intermediate register while timing control signals are being synchronized to a system clock by means of flip-flops. Correspondingly, in an interface for transferring data from the synchronous circuit to the asynchronous circuit, a signal indicating a read transaction from the synchronous circuit is synchronized to the system clock by means of a flip-flop circuit.

Abstract: For data transmission in a digital mobile communication system, in a mobile communication system employing a so-called multi-channel access technique, one or more traffic channels may be allocated to a mobile station for data transfer, in accordance with the data transfer rate required by the application using the mobile station. Minimum and maximum requirements are determined for the data transfer rate of the user data. The mobile communication network dynamically adjusts the channel configuration assignment to the mobile station for the data call, so as to consist of one or more traffic channels, within the limits of the minimum and maximum requirements of the data transfer rate, depending on the changing allocation state of the resources of the mobile communication network.