Abstract: It is provided a method, comprising querying a network repository function to provide a respective identifier of each of one or more network functions; selecting a selected identifier of the one or more identifiers received in response to the querying; requesting a service from the network function identified by the selected identifier, wherein each of the network functions provides the service and fulfills a condition; the condition comprises at least one of a distance condition related to a distance between the respective network function and a reference point, a performance condition related to a performance of the respective network function, a capacity condition related to a capacity of the respective network function, an operational state condition related to an operational state of the respective network function, and a reliability condition related to a reliability of the respective network function.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a method, device and computer readable medium for detecting cells in scenarios of carrier aggregations. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, if the terminal device receives information indicating to connect to a different cell from the currently connecting cell, the terminal device detects the different cell in a spatial direction of the beam on which the information is received. In this way, a significant reduction in terminal device search and measurement effort is achieve, which leads to significant reduction in the latency.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product receive a traffic redundancy indication from a user equipment in a communication network or from a policy controller. The method, apparatus and computer program product determine whether traffic redundancy is needed for the radio access network and the user plane function based on the traffic redundancy indication. The method, apparatus and computer program product request the radio access network to not establish redundancy mechanisms in a circumstance where traffic redundancy is not needed for the radio access network. The method, apparatus and computer program product request the user plane function to not establish redundancy mechanisms in a circumstance where traffic redundancy is not needed for the user plane function.

Abstract: An apparatus for receiving an indicator configured to identify whether encoded spatial audio signal directional metadata parameters for time-frequency tiles of an audio frame were encoded based on a quantization resolution which is equal to or less than a determined number of bits; decode the encoded spatial audio signal directional metadata parameters for the time-frequency tiles of the audio frame based on the quantization resolution which is equal to or less than the determined number of bits when the indicator identifies as such; and when the indicator identifies that the encoded spatial audio signal directional metadata parameters were not encoded based on the quantization resolution which is equal to or less than the determined number of bits, decode a first part comprising entropy encoded spatial audio signal directional metadata parameters and decode a second part comprising fixed rate encoded spatial audio signal directional metadata parameters.

Abstract: In-memory computing circuits can be used to determine distances between vectors. Such circuits can be used for machine learning applications. Examples include obtaining at least one dimension of a query vector wherein the dimension includes one or more bits and comparing respective bits of the dimension to corresponding bits of at least one dimension of a reference vector. This obtains a control signal dependent upon whether the bits of the dimension of the query vector are the same as corresponding bits of the dimension of the reference vector. The control signal can then be used to control a pulse modifying circuit such that a modification applied to a pulse signal is dependent upon whether the bits of the dimension of the query vector are the same as corresponding bits of the dimension of the reference vector.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means for performing: grouping columns of a linear combination coefficient matrix into a predefined number of clusters; and sending at least one of the clusters in a second part of a uplink control signalling transmission of a channel to an access node, wherein the uplink control signalling transmission comprises a first part and the second part.

Abstract: An apparatus for a terminal has means for storing a first configuration for measurement reporting on downlink reference signals, wherein one or more downlink reference signals correspond to one of a plurality of states for a first channel. The apparatus also has means for receiving an activation of a first state of the plurality of states for the first channel, and determining a second configuration for measurement reporting based on the first configuration for measurement reporting and the received activation of the first state, wherein the second configuration for measurement reporting configures the terminal to report measurements on a first downlink reference signal corresponding to the first state.

Abstract: An apparatus including means for receiving, from a first user equipment associated with a network via a first path, a request at a second user equipment associated with the network, for the second user equipment to act as a relay node for the first user equipment acting as a master node to provide a second path between the first user equipment and the network, wherein the first user equipment and the second user equipment are connected using a proximity service interface, performing, at the second user equipment, an authorisation procedure with the network to act as a relay node for the first user equipment and providing an indication to the first user equipment that the second user equipment is authorised to act as a relay node for the first user equipment.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting source routing are presented herein. Various example embodiments for supporting source routing may be configured to support source route compression for source routing. Various example for supporting source route compression for source routing may be configured to support communication of a source routed packet over a path from an ingress node to an egress node over a network, wherein the network includes a set of network elements having a respective set of network element identifiers sharing a common prefix, wherein the source routed packet has encoded therein a source route block including the common prefix and an offset list, wherein the offset list includes a set of offset values associated with respective ones of the network elements of the path and configured to be combined with the common prefix to recover the network element identifiers of the respective ones of the network elements of the path.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a spatialized audio output based on a listener position, the apparatus including circuitry configured to: obtain two or more audio signal sets; obtain a listener position within an audio environment, wherein the audio environment includes one or more area having one or more inside and outside regions in relation to the respective audio signal set positions; obtain metadata based on a processing of the at least two audio signals; determine, for the listener position within an audio environment outside the inside region, a second listener position; determine modified metadata for the second listener position based on the metadata; determine at least two modified audio signals for the second listener position based on the at least two audio signals; determine spatial metadata for the listener position; and output the at least two modified audio signals and the spatial metadata.

Abstract: In some examples, an apparatus for protocol independent deterministic transport of data in a time-sensitive network comprises a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, the memory configured to store program code executable by the processor, the program code comprising one or more instructions, whereby to cause the apparatus to receive synchronisation data from the network, the synchronisation data comprising a measure for a clock frequency supporting transport of deterministic data traffic over the network, receive multiple input packets, the input packets comprising deterministic data traffic and non-deterministic data traffic, and generate, from the multiple input packets and using the synchronisation data, a set of isochronous output packets comprising respective payloads and headers.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium are provided for time of arrival (TOA) based correction for uplink channel synchronization at a user equipment (UE). In an example implementation, the method may include determining a first time of arrival (TOA) index value; receiving, by the user equipment (UE), a first timing advance (TA) correction index value from a network node; and determining, by the user equipment (UE), a first time of arrival (TOA) correction value corresponding to the first timing advance (TA) correction index value. The example implementations may further include determining a first adjusted uplink timing value based at least on the first time of arrival (TOA) correction value and the first timing advance (TA) correction index value; and transmitting, by the user equipment (UE), first uplink data based at least on the first adjusted uplink timing value.

Abstract: Various example embodiments relate to a solution for positioning of a low power device using sidelink peers. A target user device for a locally assisted positioning procedure may receive a trigger event to initiate positioning of the target user device, the trigger event originating from a location management function in relation to the locally assisted positioning procedure. The target user device may transmit at least one local positioning aid request to one or more anchor user devices for the locally assisted positioning procedure, the at least one local positioning aid request indicating a need for the locally assisted positioning procedure for the positioning of the target user device. Devices, methods, and computer programs are disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means configured to: obtain at least one audio signal; determine at least one direction parameter of at least one propagating sound associated with the at least one audio signal; determine at least one direction of at least one sound source associated with the at least one audio signal; modify the at least one direction parameter in accordance with the determined at least one direction; and output the modified at least one direction parameter.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an apparatus configured to: select (500) a first slot and a second slot for sidelink transmissions via a first radio access technology, wherein the first slot and the second slot overlap with a subframe for sidelink transmissions via a second radio access technology, wherein the first slot and the second slot are associated with at least one transmission requirement; generate (502) a first transport block associated with at least one first transport block requirement and a second transport block associated with at least one second transport block requirement; determine (504) to transmit at least one of the first transport block or the second transport block over at least the first slot based on the at least one transmission requirement, the at least one first transport block requirement and the at least one second transport block requirement; and transmit (506) at least one of the first transport block or the second transport block over at least the first slot.

Abstract: A technique for power control including receiving, by a user device, a resource block allocation for uplink transmission that includes one or more resource blocks within a frequency channel; determining at least one resource allocation region or which an uplink resource block allocation within the resource allocation region will require an additional maximum power reduction (e.g., to reduce interference to a protected frequency band); and applying, by the user device, the additional maximum power reduction for a transmission power of the user device based on the resource block allocation being within the at least one resource allocation region.

Abstract: In some embodiments, there may be provided a method that includes receiving, as a first input to a machine learning model, a measured link load; receiving, as a second input to the machine learning model, information indicating a network topology; receiving, as a third input to the machine learning model, at least one deflection parameter; learning, by the machine learning model, a first output to provide at least one updated deflection parameter, wherein the at least one updated deflection parameter indicates the fractional amount of traffic that is to be carried between the source node and the destination node and deflected through the intermediate node; and learning, by the machine learning model, a second output to provide dual variables that serve as a surrogate for a traffic matrix that could have generated the measured link load that is measured for the link of the network.

Abstract: Various example embodiments relate to positioning of a target node. A positioning report may comprise positioning assistance measurements from the target node and at least one anchor node, wherein the positioning assistance measurements are associated with angular differences between a pair of uplink and/or downlink transmission and/or reception beam directions. Apparatuses, methods, and computer pro-grams are disclosed.

Abstract: According to various, but not necessarily all, examples of the disclosure there is provided an apparatus comprising: one or more portions of material configured to vibrate at one or more ultrasonic frequencies when the material is positioned within a varying magnetic field; and wherein the one or more portions of material configured to vibrate at one or more ultrasonic frequencies are positioned so that, when a varying magnetic field is applied to the apparatus, the vibration caused by the varying magnetic field provides increased cooling within a cooling system.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting communication network management may be configured to support communication network management based on various policies which may include one or more static rule-based policies (e.g., a rule-based resource management policy) and one or more machine learning (ML) based policies (e.g., an ML-based resource management policy). Various example embodiments for supporting communication network management may be configured to support communication network management based on evaluation and selection of policies to be applied for supporting communication network management. Various example embodiments for supporting communication network management may be configured to support communication network management based on regulation of network management actions generated based on selected policies before application of the network management actions to the communication network.