Abstract: Certain example embodiments provide systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for associating sensing information with a user (e.g., a cellular user) by, for example, determining information from both a sensing node and a communication node, then associating the a sensed object and the communication node based on the information. Additionally, or alternatively, some embodiments provide systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for radar and sensing-based positioning.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: manage an application service using a management web portal; request, using the management web portal, the application service with a given service level agreement from a catalogue of offered application services; and communicate, using the management web portal, with an application service management function; wherein the application service management function is configured to translate the service level agreement of the requested application service to a specification of an application slice, and to trigger a creation of an application slice instance by contacting an application slice management function.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of a Channel State Information (CSI) feedback with low overhead. The method comprises in response to receiving, from a second device, a reference signal on a channel between the first device and the second device, obtaining a first component and a second component from the reference signal, the first component and the second component being orthogonal to each other; determining a first transformed component and a second transformed component for characterizing the channel by performing a transformation on the first component and the second component; generating a set of parameters associated with characteristics of the channel by quantizing the first transformed component and the second transformed component; and transmitting the set of parameters to the second device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of energy harvesting information supported User Equipment (UE) scheduling. The method includes reporting, to a network device in the radio network, energy harvesting capability of the terminal device indicating a first energy value (?Et) collected during a first time interval (?t) and a second energy value (EAvg) averaged over a second time interval; and communicating with the network device to transmit data according to scheduling information received from the network device and determined based on the energy harvesting capability of the terminal device. In this way, the terminal device may be scheduled by the network based on its energy harvesting capability, to maintain a trade-off between harvested energy utilization and fairness in scheduling from Passive IoT UEs.

Abstract: According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus causes transmitting, by a terminal device, a first message comprising a capability value set index and a synchronization signal block resource index, SSBRI, or a channel state information reference signal resource index, CRI. The capability value set index is associated with a sounding reference signal, SRS, resource set. The apparatus causes the terminal device to receive a second message defining a transmission configuration indication, TCI, state comprising a quasi co-location, QCL, -TypeD reference signal corresponding to the SSBRI or CRI or being quasi co-located in terms of QCL-TypeD with a reference signal corresponding to the SSBRI or CRI. The apparatus causes the terminal device to active or indicate the TCI state. If the SRS resource set is different from an active SRS resource set, the apparatus applies a pre-defined latency time between application and expected triggering of the SRS resource set.

Abstract: At a UE configured with an idle-mode configuration for using a PUR, determining that data not associated with the PUR is to be transmitted or received via an RRC connection. The UE performs an initial access to a network for the radio resource control connection. The UE transitions from RRC idle mode to RRC connected mode. The UE performs one of suspending the idle-mode configuration or maintaining the idle-mode configuration, for at least a duration of the RRC connected mode. A base station received the initial access, determines the UE is configured with the idle-mode configuration for using a PUR and transitions the UE from RRC idle mode to RRC connected mode. The base station performs communication between the base station and the UE to perform action(s) to modify one or both of the idle-mode configuration or an RRC connection corresponding to the transition into the RRC connected mode.

Abstract: A system and method for improving the coding efficiency of motion vector information in video coding. According to various embodiments, a list of motion vector predictor candidates is arranged according to predefined rules. Each motion vector also has a reference index associated with it. One of the motion vector candidates is then selected as a predictor based on predefined rules, or the selection is explicitly signaled in the bitstream. The reference index associated with the selected motion vector is used as a reference index for the current block. The reference index is predicted along with the motion vector. Such embodiments can improve the compression efficiency of modern video codecs.

Abstract: A method of operating a radio network element includes receiving user equipment (UE) capability information indicating panel combinations of a multi panel UE (MP-UE), each including at least one antenna panel from among a plurality of antenna panels of the MP-UE; receiving signal strength information corresponding to plurality of transmission reception points (TRPs); based on the signal strength information, determining a plurality of TRP sets corresponding to the plurality of panel combinations, respectively; and generating a plurality of control resource set (CORESET) configurations corresponding to the plurality of panel combinations, respectively, wherein, for each panel combination, the TRP set corresponding to the panel combination indicates at least one TRP from among the plurality of TRPs, and the CORESET configuration corresponding to the panel combination defines one or more CORESETs to be used by the at least one TRP to provide downlink (DL) transmissions to the MP-UE via the panel combination.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising at least one processing core, at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code being configured to, with the at least one processing core, cause the apparatus at least to transmit, by a user equipment, a concealed identifier of the user equipment to an onboarding network, wherein the concealed identifier of the user equipment indicates that the user equipment is requesting unauthenticated access to the onboarding network and execute, by the user equipment, a key generating authentication protocol to access the onboarding network without performing authentication of the user equipment.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for reporting of achievable power per component carrier with multiple power sources and configuration based on such reporting are provided. For example, a method can include receiving a request to report user equipment band combination capabilities. The method can also include reporting a capability of a user equipment to a network. The capability can include indication of one or more component carrier groups per band combination or per band. The one or more component carrier groups can contain indication of one or more power sources for the component carrier group.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for security assurance of a network function or service. The method comprises: generating security requirements for a network function based on a security profile and a deployment and runtime environment of the network function; generating a security policy and a security test specification for the network function based on the security requirements; deploying the network function based on the security policy; validating security compliance of the network function with the security test specification; and activating the network function or service, in response to the network function being in compliance with the security policy.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided herein to provide a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session priority parameter. For example, a method is provided that comprises identifying a need in a user equipment (UE) for establishing a new protocol data unit PDU session. The method also includes evaluating whether to establish a new PDU session and determining whether to establish a new PDU session based on a PDU session priority parameter when a maximum number of PDU sessions the UE can establish in the network is reached.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method including determining at least one possible downlink control information for the user equipment to schedule the data transmission, checking a scrambled version of the at least one possible downlink control information to determine whether the scrambled version of the at least one possible downlink control information defines valid downlink control information, transmitting the scrambled version of the at least one possible downlink control information and scheduling the data transmission based on the at least one possible downlink control information and if it is determined that the scrambled version of the at least one possible downlink control information defines valid downlink control information, scheduling the jamming transmission based on the scrambled version of the at least one possible downlink control information.

Abstract: Method, apparatuses, and computer program product for addressing random access responses with extended response windows. One method may include accessing, by a user equipment, a network by sending a random access channel preamble to a network element. The method may also include receiving, in response to the random access channel preamble, a random access response from the network element. The random access response provides an indication of which random access channel occasion in time within a span of one or a plurality of radio frames the random access response applies.

Abstract: A method for predicting channel state information is described. The method includes determining whether or not geodesic prediction is to be performed and transmitting the determination of whether or not geodesic prediction is to be performed in a first part of uplink control signaling. In response to determining that geodesic prediction is not to be performed, the method includes transmitting a current channel estimate in a second part of uplink control signaling, and in response to determining that geodesic prediction is to be performed, the method includes transmitting either a determined current value of a tangent vector, or a determined step size parameter, or both the determined current value of the tangent vector and the determined step size parameter in the second part of uplink control signaling. Channel state information is predicted based on information provided in the first and second parts of uplink control signaling.

Abstract: A reference picture marking process and a reference picture list management process is handled in a unified reference picture marking and reference picture list management process. A new idle reference picture list may be used for handling reference pictures that are not used for reference in the current picture. Differential coding of picture order count may be used to increase coding efficiency. The reference picture management syntax structure may be sent in the picture parameter set for improved coding efficiency e.g. in regular GOP (group of pictures) arrangements.

Abstract: Various communication systems may benefit from adaptive handling of communication loads. For example, certain wireless communication systems may benefit from a method and application programming interface between a radio access network and a controller to optimize inter-frequency load balancing (IFLB). A method can include receiving policy inputs regarding how the IFLB should be operated. The method can also include negotiating a functional split of IFLB-related functions for the purposes of executing inter-frequency load-balancing. The method can further include receiving a set of data/attributes related to facilitate determination of optimal settings for IFLB.

Abstract: There are provided measures for measurement relaxation change based on the total received power, in particular on an indicator of the total received power. Such measures exemplarily include, at a terminal in a radio resource management measurements relaxation mode having a reduced radio resource management measurements activity within a first relaxation mode scope as a relaxation mode scope of said radio resource management measurements relaxation mode, the terminal being served by a radio cell in a frequency band, achieving information on a parameter indicative of a total power received by said terminal at said frequency band, and deciding on a change of said relaxation mode scope of said radio resource management measurements relaxation mode based on said information on said parameter indicative of said total power received by said terminal at said frequency band.

Abstract: As solution for predistorting a signal is presented. The solution comprises receiving (600) as an input a signal comprising at least two signal components on a different band, sampling (602) the input signal comprising linear terms, composite non-linear terms causing intermodulation outside Nyquist band of the input signal and further non-linear terms causing intermodulation inside the Nyquist band, the further non-linear terms comprising multi-band terms. Oversampling (604) by a given factor is applied to the signal in a first predistortion circuit for processing the linear terms and composite non-linear terms causing intermodulation outside Nyquist band; processing (606) the input signal without oversampling in a second predistortion circuit in parallel with the first predistortion circuit for the further non-linear terms. The rates of the output signals of the predistortion circuits are matched (608), combined and filtered (610).

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for applying beam diversity for multi-slot physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) are provided. One method may include receiving configuration of a multi-slot transmission mode for a multi-slot communication channel. The method may also include receiving, based on the configuration of the multi-slot transmission mode, transmission configuration indications of a plurality of transmit beams for slots in the multi-slot communication channel. A selected set of candidate transmit beams may be received among the plurality of transmit beams for the slots in the multi-slot communication channel. The method may also include determining, among the selected set of candidate transmit beams, which transmit beam is used for each slot in the multi-slot communication channel, and applying a reception beam corresponding to each transmit beam used for each slot in the multi-slot communication channel.