Abstract: A free-space standoff optical detection platform for any detection scheme based on spontaneous emissions, such as for example, fluorescence detection. More particularly, the present invention relates to a detection system having SPCE beads. In one embodiment, the SPCE beads are dielectric spheres coated with a thin metal layer, which supports surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at the operation wavelength. For fluorescence detection, fluorescence reporters can be coated outside of SPCE beads. Upon the presence of the analyte, the fluorescence reporter changes its emitting signal. The SPCE beads amplify the field strength of the excitation via the lens effect and SPR enhancement. The spontaneous emitting signal is collected via the coupling between the SPR and emission, which results high collection efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio. This surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) signal propagates in the beads in a curved path dictated by the SPR condition.

Abstract: Method and system for controlling and monitoring the quality of concrete based on the concrete's maturity. Various embodiments of the present invention are discussed. First, Enhanced Maturity involves a maturity calibration method to account for the water-to-cementitious-materials ratio, air content, and gross unit weight of the concrete. Second, Moisture-Loss Maturity is a method for determining the appropriate time to terminate moisture-loss protection of concrete and concrete structures. Third, Improved Maturity is a method and system for determining the strength of curing concrete using improved maturity calculations. Fourth, SPC Maturity is a method that beneficially couples maturity measurements and calculations with Statistical Process Control (SPC) methods to enable rapid recognition of changes to the concrete mix and/or incompatibilities between the various components of the concrete mix.

Abstract: A portal is provided with a detector for detecting trace amounts of substances of interest that may be retained on the surface or interior of a vehicular subject. The portal relies upon the continuous process by which microscopic flakes of dust, dirt, pollen, and other surface and interior contaminants as well as adsorbed analyte media and analyte vapors continuously separate from the surface of vehicular subjects and escape from the interior of vehicular subjects. The portal further leverages the existence of a vehicular thermal plume consisting of a layer of warm air adjacent to the vehicular subject. The warm air rises in the cooler surrounding air and transports the microscopic flakes of surface contaminants, desorbed analyte, and analyte vapors upwardly. The portal capitalizes on this phenomenon by providing at least a partial enclosure with a funnel-shaped collector above the vehicular subject.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting the optical spectrum of an optical input signal. The system includes a tunable optical filter having a microresonator that is tunable across a plurality of states and a processor. The input signal is coupled into the microresonator, which is continuously tuned across a spectral range that is narrow relative to the targeted detection range. Signal information such as center wavelength, power distribution, and power strength are extracted from the measured output intensities resulting from the interaction of the unknown input signal with the tunable resonator at various tuned states. The processor includes a transfer function database with the resonant spectra of the tunable optical filter at predefined states. The processor applies an iterative non-linear deconvolution algorithm, and preferably an accelerated Richardson-Lucy algorithm, to calculate the spectrum of the input signal using the transfer function information and the intensity measurements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to materials and methods useful in the study of cells and species associated with cells. Materials of the present invention may include emissive, photostable organic molecules (e.g., conjugated polymers, conjugated oligomers) that are appropriately functionalized to interact with a cell with essentially no disruption in normal cell functioning. The present invention may be useful in, for example, cell imaging, cell tracking, in vivo monitoring of cellular events, drug delivery, and determination of biological species. In one embodiment, a conjugated polymer or oligomer may be internalized into a cell and may exhibit a strong and stable emissive signal, allowing the cell to be monitored under extensive microscopic conditions for extended periods of time.

Abstract: A system for providing reliable, unalterable mechanical data associated with the mechanical properties of a concrete mass. The system includes a logger, a second memory device and an outbound data transfer device. The logger is provided with one or more sensors, a microprocessor and a first memory device. The one or more sensors measure physical properties of the concrete mass and generate data associated with the physical properties. The microprocessor receives the data from the sensor and calculates maturity data and mechanical strength data. The first memory device stores the mechanical strength data within the concrete mass in an unalterable form. The second memory device is located outside the concrete mass. The outbound data transfer device transfers the mechanical strength data from the first memory device to the second memory device.

Abstract: A valve assembly provides the ability for internal tank operations providing novel and unique methods for intricate measurement, monitoring, sampling, mixing, isolation, evaluation or other tasks desired inside tanks, vessels, piping or flow applications. The valve assembly is supported by the sidewall of the vessel and extends into a cavity of the vessel. The valve assembly including a barrel and a valve member. The barrel has a wall defining a chamber. The wall has at least one opening. The valve member is movable between a closed position and an open position.

Abstract: A system and methods for performing calorimetric testing which includes a micro resonator that supports a plurality of whispering gallery mode resonant frequencies, a first waveguide that receives light and evanescently couples whispering gallery mode resonant frequencies from the first waveguide into the micro resonator, and a second waveguide evanescently coupled to the micro resonator such that a portion of the whispering gallery mode resonant frequencies are coupled out of the micro resonator and into the second waveguide. The system can also include a light source for providing a multitude of optical resonances and a reader for analyzing the resonances received from the second waveguide.

Abstract: An optically-powered integrated microstructure pressure sensing system for sensing pressure within a cavity. the pressure sensing system comprises a pressure sensor having an optical resonant structure subject to the pressure within the cavity and having physical properties changing due to changing pressures within the cavity. A substrate supports the optical resonant structure. An input optical pathway evanescently couples light into the optical resonant structure. An output optical pathway collects light from the optical resonance structure. A light source delivers a known light input into the input optical pathway whereby the known light input is evanescently coupled into the optical resonant structure by the input optical pathway and a portion of such light is collected from the optical resonant structure by the output optical pathway.

Abstract: The present invention provides a series of systems, devices, and methods relating to the determination of explosives, such as peroxides or peroxide precursors, and other species. Embodiments of the invention may allow a sample suspected of containing an explosive (e.g., a peroxide) or other species to interact with a reactant, wherein the sample may react and cause light emission from the reactant. Advantages of the present invention may include the simplification of devices for determination of peroxide-based explosives, wherein the devices are portable and, in some cases, disposable. Other advantages may include relative ease of fabrication and operation.

Abstract: A method for measuring the optical absorbance of a sample medium with a microfluidic chip that includes a substrate defining a microfluidic channel, a microresonator positioned within the microfluidic channel, and at least one waveguide or coupling surface evanescently coupled to the microresonator such that only supported Whispering Gallery Mode (WGM) resonance frequencies are transmitted from the waveguide or coupling surface into the microresonator. A sample medium is disposed into the microfluidic channel to substantially envelop the microresonator and a reader is provided to measure at least a portion of the WGM frequencies transmitted out of the microresonator.

Abstract: A microfluidic chip that includes a substrate, a microresonator, and at least one waveguide or coupling surface. The substrate defines a microfluidic channel. The microresonator is positioned within the microfluidic channel. The at least one waveguide or coupling surface receives light having a frequency bandwidth greater than the spacing between the whispering gallery mode resonance frequencies supported by the microresonator. The at least one waveguide or coupling surface is evanescently coupled to the microresonator such that supported whispering gallery mode resonance frequencies are coupled from the at least one waveguide or coupling surface into the microresonator and light at frequencies not resonant with the microresonator are not coupled into the microresonator.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to nanoparticles exhibiting luminescence such as photostimulated luminescence or photoluminescence and optical switching processes based upon such properties, in more particular, the use of such photostimulated luminescence exhibiting nanoparticles and switching nanoparticle for optical storage apparatuses and sensors as well as methods of making and using same.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to nanoparticles exhibiting luminescence such as photostimulated luminescence or photoluminescence and optical switching processes based upon such properties, in more particular, the use of such photostimulated luminescence exhibiting nanoparticles and switching nanoparticle for optical storage apparatuses and sensors as well as methods of making and using same.

Abstract: The present relates in general to upconversion luminescence (“UCL”) materials and methods of making and using same and more particularly, but not meant to be limiting, to Mn2+ doped semiconductor nanoparticles for use as UCL materials. The present invention also relates in general to upconversion luminescence including two-photon absorption upconversion, and potential applications using UCL materials, including light emitting diodes, upconversion lasers, infrared detectors, chemical sensors, temperature sensors and biological labels, all of which incorporate a UCL material.

Abstract: A tilt compensator and delay element for use in an interferometer. The interferometer can be a scanning or a non-scanning interferometer. For example, the interferometer can be a Michelson-Morley interferometer or a Mach-Zehnder interferometer having a scanning mirror. The tilt compensator and delay element removes the tilt effects of the scanning mirror in two axes. The interferometer receives light and passes the light through a beam splitter. The light passed through the beam splitter is reflected by at least two mirrors. The beam splitter and the mirrors are positioned in a first plane. The tilt compensator and delay element of the present invention is provided with an odd number of mirrors. The odd number of mirrors includes at least three mirrors. For example, the odd number of mirrors in the tilt compensator and delay element can include three mirrors, five mirrors, seven mirrors, nine mirrors, etc.

Abstract: A microsphere whispering-gallery mode evanescent-wave sensor for use in the detection and identification of atoms or molecules has been developed. In operation, the species under scrutiny is introduced proximate to a microsphere in which a whispering-gallery mode has been excited. The subject species then absorbs a portion of the microsphere's evanescent light energy at compound-specific wavelengths, which absorption is then used to detect and identify the subject species. Its concentration may be determined from the absorption signal on the light in reflection or transmission. High sensitivity in the instant invention results from the long effective absorption path length provided by the whispering-gallery mode's large Q which results in a detector that is suitable for use in trace-gas sensing. The instant microsphere detection system can rival the performance of a multipass cell and can be made part of a much more compact and rugged system.

Abstract: A camera, comprising at least one photodetector, and a light directing device. The light directing device separates light of a wavelength from about 360 nm to about 420 nm to form an NUV component and directs the NUV component to the at least one photodetector whereby the photodetector receives the NUV component and forms a red correction signal.

Abstract: The present invention involves a series of articles, compositions, methods, and kits. Some aspects of the invention include articles such as particles, sols, blends, dispersions, films, or microarrays that comprise luminescent polymers, as well as methods for making and using such articles. In some cases, the luminescent polymer may be characterized in part by having a delocalized &pgr;-orbital structure, which can allow the polymer to have a high degree of luminosity. The polymers of this invention may also have, in some embodiments, bulky substituents to prevent intermolecular &pgr;-&pgr; interactions that can decrease luminosity. Some articles may include more than one luminescent polymer, for example, a first polymer that absorbs energy and directs the energy to a second polymer that releases the energy.

Abstract: A novel tuned coupled-microresonator filter with a known transfer function. This transfer function may be used, along with the filter's output signal, to extract the original input signal. The quality factor of manufacturable microresonators typically exceeds 106 and permits the attainment of exceptionally high resolution in a small, physically-rugged, environmentally-protected package. In addition, the properties of the resonator and coupling optics lend themselves to low cost production.