Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, devices, and systems for creating, controlling, conducting, and optimizing fusion activities of nuclei. The controlled fusion activities cover a spectrum of reactions from aneutronic, fusion reactions that produce essentially no neutrons, to neutronic, fusion reactions that produce substantial numbers of neutrons.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy source is based on providing an alpha or beta emitting isotope contained in a medium, such as a high-pressure gas cell, or between layers of a semiconductor material such as silicon. The energy source may provide energy in the form of electric current, light, or other irradiative energy waveform, such as, for example, RF energy. Electrodes of different work functions in the cell provide an electromotive force that causes current flow.

Abstract: A modulation system that can be used alone or in conjunction with current modulation techniques for data transmission in portable phones. The system consists of two orthogonal antennas of opposite polarization in which signals can be individually received and processed. A phase delay signal combination system allows combining the signals received on the two paths to allow selective reception of various polarizations. The rate of change between these two antennas will be different for each data signal, allowing a large increase in the number of users.