Abstract: A wireless communication device capable to transmit and receive TTY/TDD characters. The wireless communication device includes a receiver and a transmitter to allow for a full duplex communication. The receiver is responsive to the reception of a data frame including a TTY/TDD silence message to switch to lower data rate operative state where the receiver expects to receive and process data frames at a lower data rate. At the same time the receiver causes the transmitter to switch to a lower data rate operative state and also to return to the remote site with which the wireless communication device communicates a TTY/TDD silence message. The purpose of this TTY/TDD silence message is to set the receiver at the remote site at the lower data rate operative state.

Abstract: An improved method and transceiver for using the method for detecting header errors includes a header processor for reconfiguring an ATM cell header by extracting the 8 bit header error check (HEC) and replacing it with an enhanced 16 or 24 bit HEC (EHEC). On the receive path, the received header is compared to the EHEC and if errors are indicated, the cell is discarded. Enhancements include FEC encoding on the entire cell during transmission, and if during reception uncorrectable errors exist using said EHEC to determine whether the error is in the header or is in the payload. If a cell with an error in its payload belongs to a group of related cells, for example an AAL5 frame, the system discontinues the transmission of the remaining cells of the frame.

Abstract: A packet processing apparatus comprises a programmable hardware discriminator for receiving incoming packets, and selecting bits from any part of the incoming packets, a decision table for storing information relating to how the packets are to be processed, programmable hardware searching logic for accessing the information in the table according to the selected bits, and a packet handler for processing the packets according to the result of the access. Since many networking processing tasks can be broken down into bit selection and table searching, this generic type of arrangement will suit a wide variety of applications. It facilitates developing logic directly in hardware which can reduce the effort needed to convert a working prototype into a product ready for use in the field, e.g. for handling new protocol components.

Abstract: An improved method and system for accessing wireless data services that reduce messaging and enable roaming subscribers to access data services are described. A wireless communication system in accordance with the present invention includes at least a service control point and a gateway system (e.g., a Gateway Generalized Packet Radio Service Serving Node (GGSN)) that is coupled to a data network. To obtain access to data services, a wireless subscriber unit establishes communication with a gateway system and requests data services from the gateway system. In response to the request, the gateway system queries the service control point regarding authorized data services for the subscriber unit. If the gateway system receives a negative reply from the service control point, then the gateway system denies access to the data services by the subscriber Unit.

Abstract: An optical packet is provided with an amplitude modulated (ASK) payload and a differential phase shift keyed (DPSK) header so that a routing address in the header can be read and modified at a network node without having to inject light at this node to do this modification. With ASK, though it is easy to convert a high-level bit to a low-level bit by simple attenuation, the conversion of low-level bit to high-level bit requires light injection. With DPSK, bit conversion can be effected without light injection, merely requiring passage through a phase modulator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a state-driven decoder for decoding a Manchester encoded signal. The decoder comprises an input sampling stage, an over-sampling clock, and a digital logic state machine. The over-sampling clock operates at a frequency which is less than five times the data rate of the encoded signal. The input sampling stage asynchronously samples the encoded signal at the frequency of the over-sampling clock and a produces a stream of pulse samples. The digital logic state machine analyzes the stream of pulse samples in groups and based on the logic levels of each group of pulse samples generates an output bit corresponding to the decoded Manchester signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a switch for processing data units, such as IP data packets. The switch can be implemented as a router that includes a plurality of input ports, a plurality of output ports and a switch fabric capable of establishing logical pathways to interconnect a certain input port with a certain output port. A characterizing element of the router is its ability to control bandwidth usage on a basis of a logical pathway. This prevents congestion to occur in the switch fabric and also at the level of the output ports. For every active logical pathway the router sets-up a bandwidth control mechanism including at least one queue to hold data units received at an input port. The bandwidth control mechanism performs an accounting operation to determine the average bandwidth usage and if less than a threshold requests for releasing data units in the switch fabric are sent to the switch fabric controller.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of increasing capacity in a fixed wireless access communications network. The invention also relates to a computer system for implementing the method, a computer program for controlling the computer system and a communications network deployed using the method. The invention, provides a method of increasing capacity in a fixed wireless access network comprising the step of installing an additional base station within an existing cellular deployment plan. The invention alms to minimise the loss of service to existing customers during a capacity upgrade for a fixed wireless access system. The concept of reducing service outage is typically regarded by operators as a higher priority than minimising the time taken or the amount of resource used in order to provide seamless service transition when a subscriber's antenna is re-oriented. The present invention thereby enables a minimum of visits by personnel in connection with this process, for RSS repointing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for scheduling unicast and multicast data in an input-queued network device. According to one aspect of the present invention, multicast scheduling is triggered by a programmable parameter. Each scheduling timeslot of a set of possible scheduling timeslots, unicast cell scheduling is performed. Multicast cell scheduling is performed in parallel with and independent of the unicast cell scheduling during scheduling timeslots in which a programmable multicast scheduling frequency parameter satisfies a predetermined condition.

Abstract: A connection admission controller determines whether to admit the requested connection according to whether admission would cause a bandwidth used to exceed a maximum bandwidth allowed. For determining the bandwidth used, an aggregate equivalent bandwidth of all connections is determined by determining a static approximation and a flow approximation, the flow approximation having a non-linear relationship to the number of connections. Using a non linear relationship enables the equivalent available capacity for a number of connections to be determined more accurately with less computational resources.

Abstract: A new call blocking threshold of one or more BTS forward links is adjusted to compensate for variation in traffic demand and, optionally, user mobility as well. Anticipated traffic demand from new calls and user mobility are derived from operational measurement data obtained and stored in a management and control system. The new call blocking threshold is adjusted with a frequency relating to the rate of change in traffic demand or user mobility.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method to effectively suppress idle fax signals. In one embodiment, the method includes detecting a fax indicator signal. The method further includes calculating a short term energy of the fax indicator signal. The method also includes calculating a short term energy of fax data subsequent to the fax indicator signal. In addition, the method includes discarding the fax data when the short term energy of the fax data fails to exceed the short term energy of the fax indicator signal.

Abstract: A method of routing of signals through an optical network involves determining a route through the network for which the power level within each branch of the network along the route is below a threshold power level which is a function of the fiber characteristics of the branch. This threshold power is the power below which a fiber fuse can not be initiated. This method enables power levels within a network to be controlled such that the threshold power is not exceeded, and a fiber fuse will not be initiated. The invention provides a network controller for carrying out this method.

Abstract: A device for dissipating heat produced by circuitry such as the circuitry associated with an optical transponder includes a plurality of heat dissipating regions. Each heat dissipating region includes a heat sink that is thermally coupled with at least one component. Each heat sink is at least partially thermally isolated from other heat sinks to mitigate heat flow from high-power components to heat sensitive components. Further, all of the heat sinks associated with the circuit package are electrically coupled to provide electromagnetic shielding. A thermally insulative and electrically conductive gasket is employed to couple adjacent heat sinks.

Abstract: A system for collecting and aggregating data from network entities for a data consuming application is described. The system includes a data collector layer to receive network flow information from the network entities and to produce records based on the information. The system also includes a flow aggregation layer fed from the data collection layer and coupled to a storage device. The flow aggregation layer receiving records produced by the data collector layer and aggregates received records. The system can also include an equipment interface layer coupled to the data collector layer and a distribution layer to obtain selected information stored in the storage device and to distribute the select information to a requesting, data consuming application.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and apparatus for Turbo Code interleavers for use with third generation code division multiple access (3G CDMA) data. The apparatus includes a memory for receiving and temporarily storing the data, a counter and a clock coupled to the memory and counter for synchronization. The apparatus also includes a table containing a addresses that are selected by the counter. A puncturing device coupled to the table discards addresses if they are greater than a frame size. A buffer is coupled to the memory and the clock. The memory is configured to retrieve data from the selected addresses which are not discarded and forward it to the buffer for output.

Abstract: A test environment includes a test packet generator, a system under test, and a test device. The test packet generator generates test packets each containing a check value. The system under test performs a known transform of at least a portion of each test packet, and generates a new check value based on the transformed packet. The test device receives the transformed packets from the system under test and performs an error check based on the check value and also compares the check value with an expected check value to validate the content of each received packet. Each test packet contains a splice or signature value so that the new check value calculated by the system under test is equal to the expected check value if the system under test is functioning properly.

Abstract: An optical switch comprising switching means arranged to switch an optical signal by redirection of the optical beam path of said signal, wherein said optical switch is arranged to misalign the optical beam path so as to provide a predetermined optical output power. Thus a switch can be directly used to attenuate a signal, instead of utilising separate attenuators.

Abstract: In Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) communications networks, certain congestion control features, such as Partial Packet Discard (PPD) and Early Packet Discard (EPD), operate on ATM cells that have been segmented from ATM Adaptation Layer #5 (AAL5) frames (packets). AAL5 frames are automatically detected by observing transitions of an indicator in the ATM cell header unique to AAL5 traffic. Automatic detection of AAL5 traffic allows enablement of packet-aware cell discarding techniques such as PPD and EPD on a Virtual Channel Connection (VCC) basis, whether in a switch for a VCC or for a Virtual Path Connection (VPC) to which the VCC belongs.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a Raman amplifier is pumped using pumps just above and below the fiber water peak. This enables lower power pumps to be used, as the high attenuation is avoided. In a second aspect, a first pump provides a signal having a first wavelength and a first power, and a second pump source provides a plurality of signals, each having a power lower than the first power and a wavelength in a range approximately one Stokes shift higher than the first wavelength. In this way, the second pump source signals are amplified by the Raman effect by the first pump source signal, and the amplified second pump source signals cause signal amplification. The amplified second pump source signals can then include wavelengths above and below the water peak.