Abstract: A monolithic self-Q-switched laser generates laser pulses with short duration, high peak power, a single longitudinal mode, and extremely small pulse-to-pulse intensity fluctuations. The laser comprises of a length of solid-state laser material with a plurality of dopants, so that the material can generate coherent radiation for laser action and, in the same material, provide saturable absorption at the wavelength of the laser emission necessary for Q-switching. The distributed saturable absorber in the material provides a spectral stabilization mechanism that ensures single longitudinal-mode operation. The laser cavity is formed by the two end surfaces of the solid-state laser material with appropriate reflectivity coatings. When the laser material is pumped above the threshold condition, the laser device produces short pulses having high peak power in a single longitudinal mode and single transverse mode.

Abstract: A tantalum niobium or tantalum-niobium alloy with a film containing polycrystalline lithium metal oxide wherein the metal corresponds to the metal from which the article is made, wherein the surface properties including hardness, yield strength, elasticity and electrical properties are improved so that the operating life can be increased and new application for such articles can be made.Tantalum spinnerets of the present invention have longer operating life, clog less and produce a better quality fiber.

Abstract: A process for coating an article made of tantalum niobium or tantalum-niobium alloy with a film containing polycrystalline lithium metal oxide wherein the metal corresponds to the metal from which the article is made. More particularly, the process improves the surface properties including hardness, yield strength, elasticity and electrical properties so that the operating life can be increased and new application for such articles can be made.It is found that tantalum spinnerets treated in accordance with the process according to the present invention have longer operating life, clog less and produce a better quality fiber.

Abstract: A wide bandwidth multifrequency direct contact type microwave physiotherapeutic apparatus for replacing acupuncture therapy in medical and hygenic practice is provided. The apparatus comprises a microwave generator with a multifrequency output varying within a range of 100-3,000 MHz, and an applicator made up of an inner conductor and an outer conductor, both of which maintain direct contact with skin during treatment. The outer conductor also serves as a screening structure. The conductors are shaped to ensure a good impedance match between the applicator and the human body and to avoid microwave leakage to the environment.