Abstract: An elastomeric member is arranged beneath a railroad tie to adjust the modulus of track over a relatively stiff structure such as a bridge or tunnel. Methods or combinations that include an elastomeric member are employed to reduce the modulus of a track over a relatively stiff structure to a magnitude approximating the modulus of track over the terrain surrounding the structure.

Abstract: A seal for a fixed window in a motor vehicle, including a pane-holding channel to receive and grip the opposite faces of a margin of a window pane. A sealing lip extending parallel with the pane-holding channel has a root located a small distance apart from the top edge of the pane-holding channel, and an outer margin of the lip extends to and presses sealingly against an outer surface of the window pane. In a preferred embodiment of the invention an outer margin of the main member of the seal defines a channel to receive and grip the opposite faces of a margin of the structure defining a window opening in the motor vehicle. A locking strip engaged in a locking strip groove keeps the seal in place after installation. Where two seal members meet, the respective sealing lips meet to form a curved concave corner.

Abstract: Elastomeric pads positioned on top of railroad ties have flanges that extend along chamfered corners of railroad ties and shoulders that extend upward and are located along the tops of the flanges. Pre-cast concrete panels that are commonly provided at railway grade crossings between and alongside the rails rest on the pads. The shoulders are compressible by the weight of the concrete panels and help to keep the flanges in place on the chamfered edges of the ties and resist movement of the pads from their intended positions between the concrete panels and the ties. The pads may be extruded of thermoplastic synthetic rubber.