Abstract: An optical design for delivering or receiving light from a fluid being measured is disclosed. The optical design is capable of immersion in the fluid being measured, and is capable of operating with fluids that have a different index of refraction. The optical design includes a solid prism of optical material to which a fiber optic attaches by a suitable adhesive. In an optical delivery system, light from the fiber enters the prism and reflects off an internal mirror to a second internal reflective surface. The second internal reflective surface focuses the light to a fixed point through an exit surface of the prism. The second internal reflective surface may in the shape of an ellipse, or may comprise a diffractive surface. The exit surface has a spherical concave shape that is centered on the fixed point where the light is focused, so that light passes through the exit surface at substantially ninety degrees.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a noise suppressor capable of reducing the noise of a fluid vented at high pressure and high mass flow rate from an industrial source, to the environmentally acceptable noise level. The invention combines two principles of dissipation of fluid stream energy: first, stream pressure is reduced by passing the stream through a swirler to split the stream into a number of smaller tangential streams which dissipate their energy along the spiral flow path due to friction; and next, the resulting streams pass through a tightly packed granular bed to reduce further the pressure and velocity of the exiting jet to atmospheric pressure and subsonic velocity, respectively. Such jet will generate much lower noise level, as compared to high pressure jet with cellular structure and supersonic velocity.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical device for the measurement of flow rates of fluid through a pipe. The device broadly comprises a narrow frequency light source, an optical delivery system, a collector for light scattered from particles in the fluid, and a photo detector. In a preferred embodiment, the optical delivery system and the collector are contained within the pipe.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical device for the measurement of flow rates of fluid through a pipe. The device broadly comprises a narrow frequency light source, an optical delivery system, a collector for light scattered from particles in the fluid, and a photo detector. In a preferred embodiment, the optical delivery system and the collector are contained within the pipe.