Abstract: The present invention provides chemically regulatable DNA sequences capable of regulating transcription of an associated DNA sequence in plants or plant tissues, chimeric constructions containing such sequences, vectors containing such sequences and chimeric constructions, and transgenic plants and plant tissues containing these chimeric constructions. In one aspect, the chemically regulatable DNA sequences of the invention are derived from the 5′ region of genes encoding pathogenisis-related (PR) proteins. The present invention also provides anti-pathogenic sequences derived from novel cDNAs coding for PR proteins which can be genetically engineered and transformed into plants to confer enhanced resistance to disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method of site directed integration of an exogenous DNA molecule by co-delivery of a gene of interest flanked by nucleotide sequences recognized by a recombinase and a mRNA encoding the homologous recombinase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for controlling the growth of undesired vegetation comprising applying an effective amount of a protox-inhibiting herbicide to a population of transgenic plants or plant seed transformed with a DNA sequence coding for a modified protox enzyme that is tolerant to a protox-inhibiting herbicide or to the locus where a population of the transgenic plants or plant seeds is cultivated.

Abstract: There are described compounds of formula I*, wherein R1 is lower alkoxycarbonyl, R2 is secondary or tertiary lower alkyl or lower alkylthio-lower alkyl, R3 is phenyl that is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more lower alkoxy radicals, or C4-C8cycloalkyl, R4 is phenyl or cyclohexyl each substituted in the 4-position by unsaturated heterocyclyl that is bonded by way of a ring carbon atom, has from 5 to 8 ring atoms, contains from 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, suffinyl (—SO—) and sulfonyl (—SO2—) and is unsubstituted or substituted by lower alkyl or by phenyl-lower alkyl, R5, independently of R2, has one of the meanings mentioned for R2, and R6, independently of R1, is lower alkoxycarbonyl, or salts thereof, provided that at least one salt-forming group is present. The compounds are inhibitors of retroviral aspartate protease and can be used, for example, in the treatment of AIDS.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel eukaryotic DNA sequences coding for native protoporphyrinogen oxidase (protox) or modified forms of the enzyme which are herbicide tolerant. A method for controlling weeds using plants having altered protox activity which confers tolerance to herbicides is described.

Abstract: The present invention provides chemically regulatable DNA sequences capable of regulating transcription of an associated DNA sequence in plants or plant tissues, chimeric constructions containing such sequences, vectors containing such sequences and chimeric constructions, and transgenic plants and plant tissues containing these chimeric constructions. In one aspect, the chemically regulatable DNA sequences of the invention are derived from the 5′ region of genes encoding pathogenisis-related (PR) proteins. The present invention also provides anti-pathogenic sequences derived from novel cDNAs coding for PR proteins which can be genetically engineered and transformed into plants to confer enhanced resistance to disease.

Abstract: Methods are provided for selecting parental plants exhibiting disease resistance and for using these plants in breeding programs. In one method of the invention, constitutive immunity (cim) mutants are screened for either resistance to a pathogen of interest or for the expression of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) genes. Such mutants having the desired traits or expressing the desired genes are then used in breeding programs. Parent plants can also be selected based on the constitutive expression of SAR genes. These mutants are phenotypically normal yet exhibit a significant level of disease resistance. Also disclosed are lesion-simulating-disease (lsd) mutants having a lesion mimic phenotype that also express SAR genes and exhibit disease resistance. Further disclosed are non-inducible immunity (nim) mutants that do not express SAR genes, even when induced by a pathogen. Methods of use for these mutants are also disclosed.

Abstract: A novel process for the direct transfer of foreign genes to plant genomes is described. The novel process comprises placing a gene under the control of plant expression signals and transferring it, by contact with protoplasts without the aid of natural systems for infecting plants, direct to plant cells from which genetically transformed plants can subsequently be derived.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel eukaryotic DNA sequences coding for native protoporphyrinogen oxidase (protox) or modified forms of the enzyme which are herbicide tolerant. Plants having altered protox activity which confers tolerance to herbicides are also provided. These plants may be bred or engineered for resistance to protox inhibitors via mutation of the native protox gene to a resistant form or through increased levels of expression of the native protox gene, or they may be transformed with modified eukaryotic or prokaryotic protox coding sequences or wild type prokaryotic protox sequences which are herbicide tolerant. Diagnostic and other uses for the novel eukaryotic protox sequence are also described. Plant genes encoding wild-type and altered protox, purified plant protox, methods of isolating protox from plants, and methods of using protox-encoding genes are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are described compounds of formula I*, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is lower alkoxycarbonyl,R.sub.2 is secondary or tertiary lower alkyl or lower alkylthio-lower alkyl,R.sub.3 is phenyl that is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more lower alkoxy radicals, or C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl,R.sub.4 is phenyl or cyclohexyl each substituted in the 4-position by unsaturated heterocyclyl that is bonded by way of a ring carbon atom, has from 5 to 8 ring atoms, contains from 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, sulfinyl (--SO--) and sulfonyl (--SO.sub.2 --) and is unsubstituted or substituted by lower alkyl or by phenyl-lower alkyl,R.sub.5, independently of R.sub.2, has one of the meanings mentioned for R.sub.2, andR.sub.6, independently of R.sub.1, is lower alkoxycarbonyl,or salts thereof, provided that at least one salt-forming group is present.The compounds are inhibitors of retroviral aspartate protease and can be used, for example, in the treatment of AIDS.

Abstract: An assay to identify inhibitors of soraphen A resistant acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase comprising measuring the reactivity of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase in the presence and in the absence of a compound suspected to inhibit soraphen A resistant acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase reactivity, and comparing the reactivity measurements to identify inhibitors of soraphen A resistant acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase.

Abstract: Recombinant DNA constructs comprising a DNA coding for transcription into an RNA sequence of tospoviruses or into RNA sequences related thereto, the use of such DNA constructs to transform plants having reduced susceptibility to tospovirus infection and probes for the isolation of tospovirus or diagnosis of plant tospovirus diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a method of controlling gene expression in plants. Specifically, the method comprises obtaining a transgenic plant comprising at least two receptor expression cassettes and at least one target expression cassette. The first receptor expression cassette comprises a nucleotide sequence for a 5' regulatory region operably linked to a nucleotide sequence which encodes a first receptor polypeptide, and a 3' termination region. The second receptor expression cassette comprises a nucleotide sequence for a 5' regulatory region operably linked to a nucleotide sequence which encodes a second receptor polypeptide, and a 3' termination region.

Abstract: The genes encoding a novel class of insectecidal proteins have been isolated and characterized from a strain of Bacillus thuringiensis. Both the nucleic and amino acid sequences for the proteins are disclosed. The nucleic acid molcules are utilized in the transformation of host microorganisms and production of trangenic plants which are resistant to insects. Also, the gene encoding for the insect's receptor of the insecticide protein has been isolated and characterized. Novel processes and methods for controlling plants pests are provided.

Abstract: New cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenases and DNA molecules encoding these monooxygenases are provided, which are able to catalyze the biosynthetic pathway from amino acids to their corresponding cyanohydrins, the presursors of the cyanogenic glycosides, or to glucosinolates. Moreover, the invention provides methods for obtaining DNA molecules according to the invention and methods for obtaining transgenic plants resistant to insects, acarids, or nematodes or plants with improved nutritive value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel crop-protecting active ingredient mixtures having synergistically enhanced action, comprising at least two active ingredient components together with a suitable carrier, wherein component I is1-[[2-(2,4-dichorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triaz ole ("propiconazole")and component II is5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzothiazole ("tricyclazole");or in each case a salt or metal complex thereof.

Abstract: There is described a process for the preparation of a compound of formula I ##STR1## in which process: a) a compound of formula II ##STR2## is reacted with an organolithium compound of formula IIILi--R.sub.7 (III)b) the resulting lithium complex is reacted with a compound of formula IVY.sub.1 --CO--CO--Y.sub.1 IVto form a compound of formula V ##STR3## c) that compound is, in either order, c1) oximated with O-methylhydroxylamine; or oximated with hydroxylamine and then methylated or fluoromethylated or difluoromethylated;c2) reacted with a chloroformic acid ester.X, m, Y, R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 and R.sub.7 are as defined in the description.

Abstract: DNA sequences optimized for expression in plants are disclosed. The DNA sequences preferably encode for an insecticidal polypeptides, particularly insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis. Plant promoters, particular tissue-specific and tissue-preferred promoters are also provided. Additionally disclosed are transformation vectors comprising said DNA sequences. The transformation vectors demonstrate high levels of insecticidal activity when transformed into maize.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the production of pyrrolnitrin in a host via recombinant expression of the polypeptides needed to biologically synthesize pyrrolnitrin. Genes isolated from P. fluorescens, P. pyrrocinia, B. cepacia, and M. fulvus that encode polypeptides necessary to produce pyrrolnitrin are provided, along with methods for identifying and isolating genes needed to recombinantly biosynthesize pyrrolnitrin from any organism capable of producing pyrrolnitrin. The isolated genes may be transformed and expressed in a desired host organisms to produce pyrrolnitrin according to the invention for a variety of purposes, including protecting the host from a pathogen, developing the host as a biocontrol agent, and producing large, uniform amounts of pyrrolnitrin.

Abstract: There are described compounds of formula I*, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is lower alkoxycarbonyl,R.sub.2 is secondary or tertiary lower alkyl or lower alkylthio-lower alkyl,R.sub.3 is phenyl that is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more lower alkoxy radicals, or C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl,R.sub.4 is phenyl or cyclohexyl each substituted in the 4-position by unsaturated heterocyclyl that is bonded by way of a ring carbon atom, has from 5 to 8 ring atoms, contains from 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, sulfinyl (--SO--) and sulfonyl (--SO.sub.2 --) and is unsubstituted or substituted by lower alkyl or by phenyl-lower alkyl,R.sub.5, independently of R.sub.2, has one of the meanings mentioned for R.sub.2, andR.sub.6, independently of R.sub.1, is lower alkoxycarbonyl,or salts thereof, provided that at least one salt-forming group is present.The compounds are inhibitors of retroviral aspartate protease and can be used, for example, in the treatment of AIDS.