Abstract: System for monitoring high-tension cables in air stretches as well as a use of the same. The system comprises at least one optic fiber fastened to the high tension cable, the optic fiber including at least one Bragg grating with known reflection characteristics, a light source for emitting light within a known range of wavelengths into the optic fiber, and measuring devices for detection of light reflected from the Bragg grating in the fiber and for recognizing light reflected from each Bragg grating based on their known reflection characteristics.

Abstract: An optical pressure sensor includes an optical fiber having a well defined end part and a casing having a cylindrically shaped cavity with an inner diameter that is essentially the same as the outer diameter of fiber. The end of the optical fiber is positioned at a chosen axial position inside the cavity, thereby closing one end of the cavity. A body is positioned in the cavity and has a first, at least partially, reflective surface. The partially reflective surface, fiber, and casing define a chamber. The chamber contains a compressible fluid. At least one of the body and the optical fiber is movably connected to the casing in the axial direction thus to provide a pressure coupling between the chamber and the environment.

Abstract: A method for reducing frictional loss in unlined tunnels or other tunnels with a rough wall surface and/or irregular cross section. A flexible or rigid pipe with a cross section similar to or somewhat less than the largest circular open cross section of the tunnel is introduced into the tunnel and attached continuously or at certain points to parts of the tunnel wall. Apparatus for ensuring that a superpressure occurs within the pipe relative to its outside during flow are also introduced.

Abstract: Probe device having an auxiliary element for use during surgery where there is employed a surgical instrument (40) of the type comprising a relatively elongate, rod-shaped member being provided with a work element (41) at its outer, free end. A sleeve-shaped main part (1) is adapted to be mounted around the rod-shaped member of the instrument and is provided with the auxiliary element (5) at its one end, corresponding to the outer, free end of the rod-shaped member. The main part (1) is slideable in its longitudinal direction between two extreme positions, namely a retracted and a forward position, with a resulting altered position of the auxiliary element (5) in relation to the work element (41).

Abstract: A gas burner includes a tubular shaped housing having a proximal end and a distal end, the housing tapering inwardly to an outlet at the distal end to form a truncated cone. A gas supply tube is disposed longitudinally centrally within the housing and extends from the proximal end to a point adjacent the distal end in a combustion zone and terminates in a closed end wall, the supply tube and the housing defining therebetween an annular space for supply of air to the combustion zone at a pressure slightly above atmospheric. A vortex generator is disposed upstream of the distal end of the housing and includes a plurality of baffle flights extending longitudinally within the housing a radially from the gas supply tube to the inner wall of the housing, thereby supporting the gas supply tube.

Abstract: Method for formulating particles from solutions, wherein cooling the solution down to the initial freezing point, to mix the solution under pressure with an inert medium, to expand the solution to solid, fluidable frozen particles comprising the insert medium and the solution in a frozen shape.

Abstract: The present invention provides an expression vector comprising an RK2 minimum replicon together with an expression cassette comprising the regulatory functions of a TOL plasmid, and, in particular, an expression vector comprising a RK2 minimum replicon together with a promoter Pm and/or Pu and a corresponding regulatory gene xylS and/or xylR as derived from a TOL plasmid. Such expression vectors may be used to express desired genes in a wide range of gram negative and gram positive bacterial hosts.

Abstract: Method for installing an anchor that is released in the sea, especially for installation of in soft seabed sediments. An anchor is rebased in free fall from an at rest position or nearly at rest position and with the longitudinal axis vertical from a position in the water, and that ensures directional stability and nonroutional acceleration during movement towards the seabed. The anchor body (14) has a main member or shank (22) with a regular cross section, especially circular or regular polygon form, with tip (23) and with upward projecting shank (25) with lower average density than the main anchor body has. The anchor body is shaped such that the center-of-gravity lies lower than the middle of the total anchor length and below the average distance to the sum of all the fluid forces which ensures directional stability and nonrotational acceleration during free fall and penetration into the seabed sediments.

Abstract: Photo acoustic infrared (IR) detector including a chamber for receiving a gas or gas mixture, a window for allowing pulsed or modulated IR radiation into the chamber, and a pressure sensor adapted to measure pressure changes in the chamber as a consequence of absorbed IR radiation. A generally plate-shaped main part has a recess or bore for substantially forming the chamber whereby the window closes the chamber at one side of the main part and whereby the pressure sensor is of the miniature type and is located at the opposite side of the main part in relation to said one side so that the pressure sensor communicates with and closes the chamber at the opposite side, except for a venting channel for the chamber. A cap is provided at said opposite side of the main part so that it encloses the pressure sensor and forms a gas space communicating with the chamber through the venting channel and being substantially larger than the gas volume in the chamber.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aqueous emulsion with a narrow droplet size distribution of an oily material comprising one or more highly water insoluble substances, wherein the oily material is homogenized in a hydrophilic phase in which the oily material is more soluble than in water, but still so insoluble that an emulsion is formed by the homogenization, and the emulsion is subsequently diluted with a high proportion of water to form a stable emulsion of the oily material having the desired narrow size distribution. The stable emulsion may be mixed with an excess of a partly water soluble material which becomes absorbed by the droplets of the oily material. Said partly water soluble material may comprise a polymerizable monomer, and polymerization is subsequently effected to prepare a dispersion of polymer particles, and if desired, the polymer particles are recovered from said dispersion.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for measuring high pressures, the sensor being adapted to act externally on a measuring element, the measuring element having a central cavity and being composed of two parts which are sealingly joined in order to form the cavity, and comprising sensor means for measuring the mechanical stress condition of the measuring element. The two parts of the measuring element are manufactured in planar technology form silicium or quartz and have a substantially larger length than lateral dimensions, the cavity being oriented in a longitudinal direction, and the sensor means being piezo-resistive elements lying adjacent to the external or internal surface of the measuring element.

Abstract: Method for generating seismic intersection waves in an underground formation, wherein poles that are previously driven into the formation for other purposes or poles that are driven down for this purpose, said poles being used as a transfer medium for the intersection waves into the formation. The poles are put into transversal vibration by means of an oscillating mass, the oscillations being suitable for forming mainly horizontal polarized waves. In order to achieve a best possible impression of the formation, transversal waves may be generated in a first direction in a first period of time, and a second direction, different from the first direction, in a second period of time. Alternatively, the oscillating mass can be arranged to swing parallel to the pole in order to be able to generate pressure waves. The poles can be equipped with a "skirt", and/or with radially extending flanges in order to secure the best possible attachment in loose formations.

Abstract: A photoacoustic detector including a chamber (1) for receiving the gas, a path for pulsed or modulated IR radiation (2) into, through and out of the chamber, and a pressure sensor (3A-B) adapted to measure pressure changes in the chamber caused by the applied IR radiation. The chamber is formed by joining together at least two major semiconductor elements, in particular, silicon or quartz elements (4A-B) made in planar technology. At least a first element from a major surface (9A-B) has an etched recess which constitutes a substantial proportion of the volume of the chamber. At least one of the elements is provided with a membrane for the pressure sensor, and the space (7) in front of the membrane communicates with the chamber.

Abstract: A method for filtering out particles from a fluid is disclosed, wherein unfiltered fluid is guided into a filter housing of a filter apparatus and filtered fluid is guided from the filter housing, and wherein a rotary filter element, which has a filter structure and is arranged in the filter housing and is rotatable about an axis thereof, is rotated at a speed which is sufficiently high that all particles passing in a fluid flow into the area of the rotary filter element are affected by its structure and are ejected therefrom, whereas the fluid passes the structure of the rotary filter element substantially freed from the particles and flows off from the filter housing.