Abstract: A process for improving resistance of pressure vessel shells, tubesheets, tubes, pipes, pipe fittings and machine parts to stress corrosion cracking comprising heating at least those portions of such bodies subject to danger by stress corrosion cracking to a critical elevated themperature level, cooling at least the surface portions of the metal body subject to stress corrosion cracking and then permitting such treated portions of the metal body to come to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A process for obtaining a gaseous sample from a stream containing solid particulate material, a gas, water and steam which comprises withdrawing a stream containing said particulate material, a gas, water and steam from a system containing the same through an elongated tubular member extending into said system and discharging said stream from said tubular member externally of said system, heating said stream in its passage through said tubular member, removing from said tubular member externally of said system a gaseous sample consisting essentially of said gas and said steam through a porous section of said elongated tubular member having openings in the wall thereof smaller in cross-section than the solid particulate material in said stream, and apparatus for carrying out the same.

Abstract: A tube expander capable of simultaneously applying a plurality of selected radial pressures outwardly at a plurality of sections of a tube interior to provide selected expansions of the sections of the tube.

Abstract: A process for improving resistance of control rod guide tube split pins in nuclear reactors to stress corrosion cracking comprising heating the split pin to a critical elevated temperature level, cooling at least the surface portions of the split subject to stress corrosion cracking and then permitting the split pin to come to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A process is claimed for removing the residual tensile welding stresses in the inner layer of the weld metal and the heat-affected zone of steel piping elements that have been butt-welded to each other end-to-end by means of a circumferential weld. The process involves mechanically introducing circumferential compressive stresses in the piping elements by applying a radial load inwardly on a section of at least one of the piping elements away from the weld such that the distance from the midplane of the section of the piping element upon which the radial load is applied to the weld midplane is equal to about two to about 12 times the thickness of the piping element upon which the radial load is applied. The distance from the edge of the section of the piping element upon which the radial load is applied that is adjacent the weld to the weld midplane is at least equal to about one-half the thickness of the piping element upon which the load is applied.

Abstract: A novel apparatus comprising a plurality of parallel, spaced apart tubes and an expanded closed, flattened, elongated tube extending laterally between the spaced apart tubes and in firm contact with them. The novel process comprises inserting the closed, flattened elongated tube laterally between the spaced apart tubes and then expanding the elongated tube until it comes into firm engagement with the spaced apart tubes.

Abstract: A process for reducing the residual welding stresses in the weld metal, heat-affected zone and in the adjacent base metal of steel piping that have been butt welded to each other end to end by means of a circumferential weld which comprises mechanically introducing compressive stresses in said weld metal, heat-affected zone and adjacent base metal higher than their individual yield strengths but not exceeding their ultimate strengths in compression.

Abstract: An improved pipelock comprising a first pair of rings facing each other axially, with the inner diameter of each ring at the outer face being smaller than the inner diameter of each ring at the inner face, each of said first pair of rings comprising at least two circumferential parts, means to restrain longitudinal movement of facing circumferential parts outwardly from each other, at least one second ring comprised of at least two circumferential parts connected to each other, outwardly surrounding said first pair of rings, and constraining outward radial movement of said first pair of rings, at least one third ring comprised of at least two circumferential parts, having an outer surface conforming to the inner surface of said first pair of rings, and at least one waffled fourth ring comprised of at least two circumferential parts having an outer surface in contact with the inner surface of said third ring.

Abstract: A novel pipelock comprising a first pair of rings facing each other axially, with the inner diameter of each ring at the outer face being smaller than the inner diameter of each ring at the inner face, each of said first pair of rings comprising at least two circumferential parts, means to restrain longitudinal movement of facing circumferential parts outwardly from each other, at least one second ring comprised of at least two circumferential parts connected to each other, outwardly surrounding said first pair of rings, and constraining outward radial movement of said first pair of rings.

Abstract: A heavy duty liquid detergent is provided whose cellulose ether component is stabilized against lump formation and separation by the presence of glycerol. Freeze-thaw and low temperature storage stability is thereby particularly improved. These aqueous liquid detergent compositions comprise:(1) from about 0.5% to about 2% glycerol;(2) from about 0.05% to about 1% cellulose ether;(3) from about 3% to about 6% of a nonionic surfactant; and(4) from about 10% to about 25% of an anionic surfactant.

Abstract: An expansion joint for heat exchangers, reactors, steam boilers and the like to compensate for differential displacements. Differential axis expansion occurs when the pressure within the tubes or outside the tubes is raised or when a thermal expansion of the tubes and shells are different. The invention comprises a multi-layer flexible connection between the tube sheet to shell junction. The thin layers can bend parallel and accommodate large axial displacements between the shell and tubes without excessive stresses in the tube sheets. The fully penetrated but-weld of a central layer can be easily inspected by X-ray and provide the required seal between the shell and tube sheets. Other layers increase the strength of the joint.