Abstract: The invention relates to the field of medicine, and specifically to pulmonology, and concerns a method for treating inflammatory and obstructive diseases of the airways, in particular bronchial asthma and obstructive bronchitis, with the aid of a drug on the basis of 1?,3?-dinitroglycerol ester 11(S),15(S)-dihydroxy-9-keto-5Z,13E-prostadienoic acid (nitroproston) having a marked bronchodilatory effect. The present invention provides for an expansion of the range of broncholytic drugs by the use of a derivative of natural prostaglandin E2, which is characterized by greater biological activity and the absence of noticeable side effects.