Abstract: The invention solves the problem of the practical realization of an effective prophylactic composition which uses available and safe components and which can be recommended for preventing the growth of candidiasis of the skin and/or mucous membranes in humans in the following risk group: sufferers of diabetes mellitus, people with blood diseases, immune deficiency and other serious pathologies, patents after a course of hormone therapy, antibiotic treatment or chemotherapy, as well as for babies and pregnant women; and for people using tooth implants. The composition for the prophylaxis of candidiasis comprises active components, with the active components used being xylitol in a quantity of 0.3-20.0% by mass and sodium or potassium alginate or a mixture thereof in a quantity of 0.01-2.0% by mass, as well as inert components.