Abstract: A method is provided to reduce the counting times in radiation detection systems using machine learning, wherein the method comprises: receiving output data from a detector which is to detect a target material from a target body; analyzing the output data; identifying a material of interest from the analyzed output data; and controlling a source of the target material to prevent the source from harming the target body. An apparatus is also provided which comprises: a detector to detect radiation and to provide an output data in real-time; and a processor coupled to the detector, wherein the processor is to: receive the output data; analyze the output data; identify a material of interest from the analyzed output data; and control a source of the target material.

Abstract: Tetrazine non-canonical amino acids, methods for genetic encoding proteins and polypeptides using the tetrazine amino acids, proteins and polypeptides comprising the tetrazine amino acids, and compositions comprising the proteins and polypeptides having at least one post-translational modification thereof comprising in vivo reaction with the incorporated tetrazine amino acid and a second molecule.

Abstract: Multifunctional dendritic molecular probes that selectively detect Cu2+ ions via potentiometric and fluorometric techniques with low detection limits are disclosed. The selective and reversible binding of the molecules with the Cu2+ ion was used to make solid-state microsensors by incorporating the molecular probes into the carbon-based membranes as an ionophore for Cu (II).

Abstract: Methods of treating neuroinflammation in a subject by administering to the subject an agent that inhibits activation of coagulation factor XI (FXI), inhibits the activity of activated FXI (FXIa), or reduces expression of FXI are described. The agent that inhibits activation of FXI can be a monoclonal antibody specific for FXI, such as a monoclonal antibody having the complementarity determining region (CDR) sequences of anti-FXI antibody 14E11. Small molecule inhibitors and antisense compounds directed to FXI or FXIa are also contemplated as agents that inhibit activity of FXIa or reduce expression of FXI. The neuroinflammation in the subject can be associated with any one of a number of different diseases or disorders, such as an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) or a neurodegenerative disease.

Abstract: A machine-learning tool learns from sensors' data of a nuclear reactor at steady state and maps them to controls of the nuclear reactor. The tool learns all given ranges of normal operation and responses for corrective measures. The tool may train another learning tool (or the same tool) that forecasts the behavior of the reactor based on real-time changes (e.g., every 10 seconds). The tool implements an optimization technique for differing half-life materials to be placed in the reactor. The tool maximizes isotope production based on optimal controls of the reactor.

Abstract: A print head comprising nested chambers for in-situ reactant formation is disclosed. The print head comprises a first chamber nested within a second chamber. The first chamber comprises a first nozzle, the second chamber comprises a second nozzle. The first nozzle is substantially coaxial with the second nozzle. A susceptor to convert electromagnetic energy to heat is within the first chamber. The susceptor comprises one or more openings extending between the upper portion and the lower portion. The susceptor may be heated by induction heating or by optical heating to vaporize a precursor substance within the first chamber. The vapor may react with a reactive gas flowing through the first chamber or expand through a nozzle into a second chamber where the vapor may react with the reactive gas, forming nanoparticles. Patterned films may be written onto a two-dimensional or three-dimensional surfaces.

Abstract: A processing workflow centered on machine-learning algorithms that identifies a number of chemical features that can best distinguish the presence or absence of a chemical source. These chemical features are a chemical fingerprint that is unique to each source. The analysis workflow is rapid (e.g., fingerprints can be generated in minutes). The analysis workflow has wide-ranging applications such as detecting markers of pollution sources in rivers and fish tissues, forest pathogen outbreaks, and hard-to-diagnose diseases.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide compositions and methods for biosynthesizing a stable, functional mimic of phosphoserine. The compositions and methods described herein genetically program a host cell to express a biosynthetic pathway that can synthesize the amino acid, 2-amino-4-phosphobobutyric acid, that is a non-hydrolyzable phosphoserine (nhpSer) because it contains a carbon-phosphorus, e.g., phosphonate, bond. In one embodiment the genetically programed cells express the enzymes of a pathway from a Streptomyces bacterium. In some embodiments, nhpSer is translationally incorporated into protein of interest at one or more programmed UAG amber codons using Genetic Code Expansion (GCE) technology.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a coating composition comprising cellulose nanomaterials and emulsion systems. The coating compositions provide improved moisture barrier and wettability onto fruit surfaces and can control physiological activity and enhance storability of food products, such as fruits during ambient storage. Also disclosed herein are embodiments of dried and substantially dried coatings, films, products made with the coating compositions, and methods of making and using the coating compositions described herein.

Abstract: A wireless sensor network is described. The wireless sensor network comprises an interrogator transceiver operable to transmit a first wireless signal at a first RF frequency and to receive a second wireless signal at a second RF frequency to and from a wireless sensor node embedded within a medium. The medium comprises one or more dielectric materials. The wireless sensor node is interrogatable by the interrogator transceiver. The wireless sensor node is operable to receive the first wireless signal at the first RF frequency from the interrogator transceiver and to transmit the second wireless signal at the second RF frequency to the interrogator transceiver. A processor is coupled to a circuit within the interrogator transceiver. The circuit is operable to measure a power level of a received signal, and the processor is operable to correlate the power level of the received signal to a composition of the medium.

Abstract: A method for making a catalyst comprises providing an initial compound having a perovskite lattice structure according to formula I M1M2M3O3 ??FORMULA I, where M1 is about 1 relative elemental ratio strontium (Sr); M2 is from greater than 0 to 0.7 relative elemental ratio and is selected from cobalt (Co), scandium (Sc), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), and titanium (Ti); and M3 is 0.3 to 0.6 relative elemental ratio iridium (Ir). Initial exemplary compounds include SrSc0.5Ir0.5O3 (SSI) and SrCo0.5Ir0.5O3 (SCI). M1 and/or M2 cations are selectively leached from the initial compound to produce a catalyst having substantially increased catalytic performance. Cycling SSI or SCI in an acid produces SSI-H or SCI-H; cycling SSI or SCI in a base produces SSI-OH or SCI-OH. Dual-site metal leaching induced catalytic activity improvement by about 2 orders of magnitude, making reconstructed SrCo0.5Ir0.5O3 among the best-known catalysts for water oxidation in an acidic condition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are peptides useful for targeting the retina, and may be useful for targeting specific cells in the retina. The peptides may have a Formula I or V: R1—X1—X2—(X3)n—X4—X5—X6—X7—R2?? Formula I R1-Asn-Val-Ser-Ala-Tyr-Pro-Thr-R2?? Formula V. Also disclosed are conjugates and compositions comprising the peptides. The compositions may comprise a desired agent to be delivered to the retina, such as a therapeutic agent and/or an imaging agent. Methods for administering the peptide, conjugates, and/or composition to a subject also are disclosed.

Abstract: Described herein is a magnetic dendrometer having a frame, a spring-tension mechanism, and a magnet for moving together with the spring-tension mechanism. A magnetic sensor is attached to the frame. The magnetic sensor senses the linear motion of the magnet. This linear motion translates to trackable fluctuations in magnetic field. The magnetic fluctuations are converted to electrical signals by the magnetic sensor. A spring is attached to a free-floating wishbone-style component. The free-floating wishbone-style component is couped to a slider which has an adjustable, single-contact point with a target (e.g., a vine, a branch, etc.). The frame is a stationary frame that carries the magnetic sensor. The frame connected via the spring to the wishbone/slider combination cooperates with each other for providing linear motion to extend or contract the spring in length directions. The length variations of the dendrometer spring are converted to linear motion of the magnet and then into electronic signals.

Abstract: A machine-learning tool learns from sensors' data of a nuclear reactor at steady state and maps them to controls of the nuclear reactor. The tool learns all given ranges of normal operation and responses for corrective measures. The tool may train another learning tool (or the same tool) that forecasts the behavior of the reactor based on real-time changes (e.g., every 10 seconds). The tool implements an optimization technique for differing half-life materials to be placed in the reactor. The tool maximizes isotope production based on optimal controls of the reactor.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and pharmaceutical compositions for treating coronavirus-induced disease or preventing infection by a coronavirus by administering an effective amount of a cannabinoid acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, or prodrug thereof, to a subject.

Abstract: Water-in-salt electrolytes for zinc metal batteries are disclosed. The electrolyte includes a zinc halide. The electrolyte may be a hybrid water-in-salt electrolyte further including an additional metal halide or nonmetal halide. Batteries including the electrolytes are disclosed, as well as devices including the batteries and methods of making the batteries.

Abstract: A processing workflow centered on machine-learning algorithms that identifies a number of chemical features that can best distinguish the presence or absence of a chemical source. These chemical features are a chemical fingerprint that is unique to each source. The analysis workflow is rapid (e.g., fingerprints can be generated in minutes). The analysis workflow has wide-ranging applications such as detecting markers of pollution sources in rivers and fish tissues, forest pathogen outbreaks, and hard-to-diagnose diseases.

Abstract: Described herein is a magnetic dendrometer having a frame, a spring-tension mechanism, and a magnet for moving together with the spring-tension mechanism. A magnetic sensor is attached to the frame. The magnetic sensor senses the linear motion of the magnet. This linear motion translates to trackable fluctuations in magnetic field. The magnetic fluctuations are converted to electrical signals by the magnetic sensor. A spring is attached to a free-floating wishbone-style component. The free-floating wishbone-style component is coupled to a slider which has an adjustable, single-contact point with a target (e.g., a vine, a branch, etc.). The frame is a stationary frame that carries the magnetic sensor. The frame connected via the spring to the wishbone/slider combination cooperates with each other for providing linear motion to extend or contract the spring in length directions. The length variations of the dendrometer spring are converted to linear motion of the magnet and then into electronic signals.

Abstract: Tetrazine non-canonical amino acids, methods for genetic encoding proteins and polypeptides using the tetrazine amino acids, proteins and polypeptides comprising the tetrazine amino acids, and compositions comprising the proteins and polypeptides having at least one post-translational modification thereof comprising in vivo reaction with the incorporated tetrazine amino acid and a second molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds according to Formula A wherein the compound comprises at least one C6-30aliphatic moiety. Also disclosed are compositions comprising the compounds that may be useful for delivering agents such as therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents, for example, nucleic acids such as, but not limited to, DNA or RNA, small molecules, proteins, polypeptides or peptides. In some embodiments, the composition is a lipid nanoparticle. Also disclosed herein are lipid nanoparticles comprising the compounds and methods for making and using the nanoparticles.