Abstract: The present invention discloses a flow measurement device that includes: a wave guide tube type resonant cavity; a penetrating space that penetrates the resonant cavity; a duct support part that is made of a dielectric substance and is in the resonant cavity and surrounds an outside of the penetrating space; a transmitting antenna that transmits a microwave in a direction along a longitudinal axial direction of the resonant cavity to provide a standing wave or a traveling wave of the microwave, with the microwave transmitted in a space that is outside of duct support part and inside of the resonant cavity; and a receiving antenna that receives the standing wave or the traveling wave.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a flow measurement device that includes: a wave guide tube type resonant cavity; a penetrating space that penetrates the resonant cavity; a duct support part that is made of a dielectric substance and is in the resonant cavity and surrounds an outside of the penetrating space; a transmitting antenna that transmits a microwave in a direction along a longitudinal axial direction of the resonant cavity to provide a standing wave or a traveling wave of the microwave, with the microwave transmitted in a space that is outside of duct support part and inside of the resonant cavity; and a receiving antenna that receives the standing wave or the traveling wave.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a device for observing a flow state comprising a translucent duct. It further comprises an irradiation unit irradiating projection light, a condensing unit condensing the projection light along a length direction with respect to an axial core area of the translucent duct in which a fluid flows; and an image pickup unit for picking up images of scattered reflected light from the axial core area of the translucent duct at a plurality of times.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a device for observing a flow state comprising a translucent duct. It further comprises an irradiation unit irradiating projection light, a condensing unit condensing the projection light along a length direction with respect to an axial core area of the translucent duct in which a fluid flows; and an image pickup unit for picking up images of scattered reflected light from an axial core area of the translucent duct at a plurality of times.

Abstract: A method of separating water from an aqueous emulsion using a minimum of energy includes heating the aqueous emulsion in a sump, conveying concentrated emulsion from the sump to a heat exchanger so as to pass therethrough back to the sump, circulating water vapor and non-condensable gases from the sump through a compressor to raise its temperature and passing the heated water vapor and non-condensable gases through the heat exchanger to condense and heat the concentrated emulsion therein and evaporate water therefrom, a thermostat filled with water and water vapor, together with first and second pressure switches respectively communicating with the sump and the external atmosphere and the heat exchanger and the external atmosphere, maintaining a temperature differential between 0.5.degree. and 3.degree. C. between the aqueous emulsion in the sump and the temperature of the compressed water vapor and noncondensable gases.