Abstract: A process for consolidating sand, proppant and other suspended particles present in a subterranean reservoir using an aqueous emulsion particle consolidation system is described. Surfactants with cloud points at or below the reservoir temperature are used to make a low viscosity aqueous external emulsion system with resin and curing agent as the internal phase. As the surfactant reaches its cloud point, it loses its emulsification ability and releases the resin and curing agent to consolidate the sand. The aqueous phase of the system then functions as a spacer to maintain the permeability needed for oil and gas production without additional post flush required.

Abstract: A hydraulic fracturing fluid for use in oilfield applications, where hydraulic fracturing fluid includes a spherical bead-forming liquid composition, the spherical bead-forming liquid composition comprising a micellar forming surfactant, a bead-forming compound, a non-solids bearing liquid solvent, a pH control agent, and a curing agent.

Abstract: A hydraulic fracturing fluid for use in oilfield applications, where hydraulic fracturing fluid includes a spherical bead-forming liquid composition, the spherical bead-forming liquid composition comprising a micellar forming surfactant, a bead-forming compound, a non-solids bearing liquid solvent, a pH control agent, and a curing agent.

Abstract: A hydraulic fracturing fluid for use in oilfield applications, where hydraulic fracturing fluid includes a spherical bead-forming liquid composition, the spherical bead-forming liquid composition comprising a micellar forming surfactant, a bead-forming compound, a non-solids bearing liquid solvent, a pH control agent, and a curing agent.

Abstract: Compositions and a process for consolidating sand, proppant and other suspended particles present in a subterranean reservoir using an aqueous emulsion particle consolidation system. Surfactants with cloud points below the reservoir temperature are used to make a low viscosity aqueous external emulsion system with resin and curing agent as the internal phase. As the surfactant reaches its cloud point, it loses its emulsification ability and release the resin and curing agent to consolidate the sand. The aqueous phase of the system then functions as spacer to maintain the permeability needed for oil and gas production without additional post flush needed.

Abstract: A hydraulic fracturing fluid for use in oilfield applications, where hydraulic fracturing fluid includes a spherical bead-forming liquid composition, the spherical bead-forming liquid composition comprising a micellar forming surfactant, a bead-forming compound, a non-solids bearing liquid solvent, a pH control agent, and a curing agent.

Abstract: A hydraulic fracturing fluid for use in oilfield applications, the hydraulic fracturing fluid includes a spherical bead-forming liquid composition, the spherical bead-forming liquid composition comprised of a primary liquid precursor and a secondary liquid precursor, the primary liquid precursor comprises a micellar forming surfactant, a bead-forming compound, and a non-solids bearing liquid solvent; and the secondary liquid precursor comprises one or more curing agents, and one or more co-curing agents.

Abstract: A hydraulic fracturing fluid for use in oilfield applications is disclosed. The hydraulic fracturing fluid includes a spherical bead-forming liquid composition, the spherical bead-forming liquid composition comprising a micellar forming surfactant, a bead-forming compound, a non-solids bearing liquid solvent, a pH control agent, and a curing agent.

Abstract: A hydraulic fracturing fluid for use in oilfield applications is disclosed, the hydraulic fracturing fluid includes a spherical bead-forming liquid composition, the spherical bead-forming liquid composition comprised of a primary liquid precursor and a secondary liquid precursor, the primary liquid precursor comprises a micellar forming surfactant, a bead-forming compound, and a non-solids bearing liquid solvent; and the secondary liquid precursor comprises one or more curing agents, and one or more co-curing agents.

Abstract: Sulfonated betaines, amine oxides, and sultaines are made by the reaction of the corresponding unsaturated betaines, amine oxides or sultaines with a sulfonating agent. These amphoteric surfactants have demonstrated low adsorption properties in addition to good compatibility with brine containing high concentrations of salt and divalent cations. They can be employed in applications where their respective conventional amphoteric surfactants are used including: personal care, mining, improved oil recovery (IOR), oil field drilling, fracturing, acidizing, foaming, and agricultural formulations.

Abstract: A process for converting naturally occurring fats and oils to sulfonated surfactants that can be used in a variety of applications where surfactants are found to be applicable including but not restricted to Enhanced Oil Recovery, paper and pulp processing, mining, metal treating, adhesives, coatings, pesticide formulations, herbicide formulations, fungicide formulations. The byproduct of such a process is a useful solvent or source of biodiesel fuel.

Abstract: The process for making amphoteric surfactants derived from ether amine s is described. The ether amines may be derived from natural products such as animal, marine or vegetable oils or from petroleum derived raw materials. The application of these amphoteric surfactants to the recovery of residual oil by Enhanced Oil Recovery methods is disclosed.

Abstract: A composition and process for reducing the permeability of a matrix without completely blocking the matrix {is describe}. The composition uses a nano-sized water insoluble particle as a template to control the permeability by determining the size of the holes formed in the matrix.

Abstract: 2-alkyl alkoxylated alcohol sulfonate surfactants having the structure R—O—(PO)x(EO)yCHR'CHR?CH2SO3Na are disclosed along with a process of making such surfactants. The surfactants are both electrolyte tolerant and tolerant to high temperatures and may be use for many applications where these properties are required.

Abstract: A non-toxic, environmentally friendly, green flowback aid is disclosed that reduces water blockage when injected into a fractured reservoir. The composition includes an water soluble ester of a low molecular weight alcohol and a low molecular weight organic acid, an oil soluble ester of a low molecular weight alcohol and a high molecular weight fatty acid, one or more water soluble or dispersible nonionic surfactant(s) derived from vegetable or animal sources, one or more anionic or amphoteric surfactant(s) derived from animal or vegetable based sources, and, water. Compositions for low temperature applications are also disclosed that can remain fluid down to ?41° F.

Abstract: A method of making phenol and alkylphenol ethoxylates non-estrogenic by inserting 1 mole of propylene oxide onto the phenolic group before proceeding with the addition of ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene and propylene oxide. The final phenolic products can be further reacted to form sulfates, sulfonates, phosphate esters, condensed alkylphenol alkoxylates and other derivatives of alkylphenol or phenol. Non-estrogenic phenol and alkylphenol alkoxylates and their derivatives have been found to be excellent salt tolerant, high temperature stable surfactants for oil recovery from subterranean reservoirs. These products are also useful in forming emulsions of heavy crude for transportation through pipelines.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of oil from subterranean reservoirs by injecting an aqueous fluid containing from about 0.05 to about 2.0% by weight of a surfactant of structure where m+n=1-30 or more, x+y=0-28, EO=oxirane, PO=methyl oxirane, M=H, Na, K, NH3, Amine, Ca, Mg, R and R1 are each separately and independently H, branched or linear alkyl, branched or linear alkenyl, A=aromatic, and, a+b=0 to 30.

Abstract: A method of making phenol and alkylphenol ethoxylates non-estrogenic by inserting 1 mole of propylene oxide onto the phenolic group before proceeding with the addition of ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene and propylene oxide. The final phenolic products can be further reacted to form sulfates, sulfonates, phosphate esters, condensed alkylphenol alkoxylates and other derivatives of alkylphenol or phenol. Non-estrogenic phenol and alkylphenol alkoxylates and their derivatives have been found to be excellent salt tolerant, high temperature stable surfactants for oil recovery from subterranean reservoirs. These products are also useful in forming emulsions of heavy crude for transportation through pipelines.

Abstract: This invention describes a composition of matter of the following structure: where m+n=1-30 or more, x+y=0-28, EO=oxirane PO=methyl oxirane M=H, Na, K, NH3, Amine, Ca, Mg, R and R1 are each separately and independently H, branched or linear alkyl, branched or linear alkenyl, A=aromatic, and, a+b=0 to 30.

Abstract: A method of recovering crude oil from a subterranean hydrocarbon containing formation which comprises (a) injecting into said formation an aqueous solution containing an effective amount alkali metal, alkaline-earth or ammonium salts of alcohol ether sulfonates derived from unsaturated alcohol ethers, and (b) displacing said solution into one or more injection wells and recovering the oil from one or more production wells. The unsaturated alkoxylated alcohol contain various amounts of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxides elected to optimize their interfacial properties with different types of crude oil with different brines.