Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an immunostimulatory combination comprising a first composition comprising a therapeutic vaccine and a second composition comprising one or more TLR9 ligand(s) such as CpG-containing oligonucleotide(s) as well as the use of such a first composition in combination with said second composition for treating a subject in need thereof. A specific embodiment is directed to the combination of a vectorized therapeutic vaccine encoding antigen(s) and a CpG-containing oligonucleotide such as Litenimod. Embodiments also include kits comprising such compositions as well as methods for treating, preventing or inhibiting diseases, in particular proliferative diseases or infectious diseases comprising administration of such first and second compositions.