Abstract: A living tissue sampling method includes inserting an endoscope inserted into a guide sheath into a body cavity of a subject, checking three-dimensional image information of a body cavity path against distal end position data of the endoscope, bringing distal ends of the endoscope and the guide sheath close to a focused region, removing the endoscope from the guide sheath while keeping the guide sheath stationed inside the body cavity, inserting a biopsy instrument into the guide sheath, and sampling living tissue of the focused region by the biopsy instrument.

Abstract: An energy treatment tool includes: a blade configured to transmit ultrasound vibration, an arm movable relative to the blade between an open position and a closed position, the arm including a surface on a blade-side of the arm, a pad provided on the surface, the pad including a first side and a second side opposite to the first side in a width direction of the arm, a first pin connected to the arm and extending along the width direction, a first electrode facing the first side of the pad and rotatable relative to the pad around the first pin, a second electrode facing the second side of the pad.

Abstract: An imaging device includes a camera unit and a control unit. A first power source voltage is transferred from the control unit to the camera unit by a power source line and is input into the camera unit as a second power source voltage. The camera unit is configured to output a video signal, a reference signal having a reference voltage, and a voltage signal in accordance with the second power source voltage to a video signal line. The control unit is configured to measure a voltage value of each of the reference signal and the voltage signal. The control unit is configured to calculate a control value of the first power source voltage by using the measured voltage value.

Abstract: An endoscope includes an insertion section, a channel, a raising base and a sterilizing device. The insertion section includes a distal end portion, and the distal end portion includes a recess. The channel is disposed in the insertion section, the channel communicating with the recess and the channel configured to receive a treatment instrument. The raising base is disposed in the recess, the raising base configured to guide the treatment instrument to protrude from the recess. The sterilizing device is disposed in the distal end portion, the sterilizing device configured to sterilize one or more of the channel and the recess and the raising base.

Abstract: An imaging device includes a camera unit and a control unit. The camera unit includes an image sensor. The control unit includes a voltage measurement circuit and a voltage adjustment circuit. A first power source voltage is transferred from the control unit to the camera unit by a power source line and is input to the camera unit as a second power source voltage. A video signal or the second power source voltage is output to a video signal line. The voltage measurement circuit is configured to measure a voltage value of the second power source voltage. The voltage adjustment circuit is configured to adjust a value of the first power source voltage based on the value of the second power source voltage.

Abstract: An insertion instrument comprises an insertion portion including a bending portion provided at a distal end side of the insertion portion, a first wire provided in the insertion portion, and an operation portion provided at a proximal end side of the insertion portion. The operation portion includes a bending operation unit. The bending operation unit includes a lever having a central shaft defining a central axis, a rotor coupled to the lever, a wire attachment surface to which the first wire is attached. An inner surface of the operation portion includes a receiver body and a restriction body. The receiver body supports the rotor for rotation about the central axis and for movement of the lever from a neutral position to an inclined position, where, in the inclined position, the central shaft is inclined relative to the central shaft in the neutral position. Movement of the lever from the neutral position to the inclined position pulls the first wire to bend the bending portion.

Abstract: An insertion portion of an endoscope including a distal end portion including: an exterior surface, a first channel including a first opening on the exterior surface, and a second channel including a second opening on the exterior surface and a third opening on the first channel. An elongated object is inserted into the first channel. A rigid portion is provided at a distal end of the first elongated object. The rigid portion including: an outer peripheral surface, and a first surface recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the rigid portion. Wherein both of the outer peripheral surface and the first surface are exposed within the third opening.

Abstract: A training data generation method includes: obtaining output information related to an electrical characteristic value in an energy treatment tool when ultrasound energy is being applied from the energy treatment tool to a body tissue; obtaining photography data that contains a photograph taken of a state in which the ultrasound energy is being applied to the body tissue; obtaining a label from the photography data; and adding the label to the output information to generate the training data.

Abstract: An endoscope comprises an insertion portion including a distal end portion having a longitudinal axis. The distal end portion includes an inner surface forming a recess, a first channel extending in a first direction and configured to receive a treatment instrument, the first channel including a first opening disposed at the inner surface of the recess, a raising base disposed in the recess and configured to direct a distal end of the treatment instrument received in the first channel, and a second channel including a second opening disposed at the inner surface, the second channel configured to discharge a first liquid to inside of the recess via the second opening.

Abstract: A relay adapter includes a first connector configured to connect to a processor supplying a first power. The relay adapter includes a second connector configured to connect to an insertion instrument operable using a second power. The relay adapter includes a power circuit coupled to the first connector to receive the first power. The power circuit is configured to convert the first power into the second power The power circuit is coupled to the second connector for delivering the second power to the second connector. The relay adapter includes a switching circuit coupled to the power circuit. When the second connector is not connected to the insertion instrument, the switching circuit prevents the power circuit from delivering the second power to the second connector.

Abstract: The image pickup unit includes an image pickup device, a substrate, a movable lens drive member, a flexible substrate and a movable lens drive cable, and an image pickup cable. The flexible substrate, the movable lens drive cable, and the image pickup cable are disposed on the substrate.

Abstract: An endoscope comprises an insertion portion, an operation portion body provided at a proximal end side of the insertion portion, a knob provided in the operation portion body, the knob configured to rotate around a rotation shaft, and a turn locking mechanism provided in the knob. The turn locking mechanism includes a lock button reversibly translatable from a first position to a second position, a lock bar connected to the lock button, the lock bar extending from an inside surface of the lock button, and a fixed member attached to the operation portion body. When the lock button is in the second position, the lock bar engages the fixed member to prevent the knob from rotating around the rotation shaft.

Abstract: An endoscopic suturing method includes penetrating an indwelling member into a first portion of a mucous membrane, moving the indwelling member toward a second portion of the mucous membrane while pushing the first portion of the mucous membrane and penetrating the indwelling member into the second portion of the mucous membrane with the indwelling member penetrated into the first portion of the mucous membrane, and leaving the indwelling member in a body in a state in which the indwelling member penetrates the first portion of the mucous membrane and the second portion of the mucous membrane.

Abstract: A delivery device includes a handle, a first sheath having a proximal end portion connected to the handle, a second sheath through which the first sheath is inserted, the second sheath translatable relative to the handle in a longitudinal direction of the delivery device, a third sheath through which the second sheath is inserted and a length adjustment mechanism. A distance in the longitudinal direction of the delivery device between a proximal end of the first sheath and a distal end of the third sheath defines a separation distance. The length adjustment mechanism adjusts the separation distance between a first length and a second length. The second length is longer than the first length.

Abstract: An endoscope treatment tool includes a sheath, a knife, a connecting unit and a body. The sheath includes a first channel opened at a distal end of the sheath. The knife inserted into the first channel, the knife having a second channel extending from a distal end of the knife to a proximal end of the knife. The connecting unit is located inside the sheath, the connecting unit including a cavity internal to the connecting unit and defining a storage path. A cross-sectional area of the cavity is larger than a cross-sectional area of the second channel. The body disposed in the cavity. The body is translatable in the cavity between a first position and a second position. The body forms a passage and, in the first position, the passage is in communication with the second channel.

Abstract: An endoscope treatment tool includes a sheath and an incision device. The sheath includes a distal end portion having a first channel. The first channel extends internal to the distal end portion between a distal opening at a distal end surface of the distal end portion and a proximal opening at a main flow chamber. The incision device is inserted in the first channel and includes a second channel extending between a distal end of the incision device and a proximal end of the incision device. The endoscope treatment tool is switchable between a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, a first path for fluid is formed between the main flow chamber and the first channel. In the second mode, a second path for fluid is formed between the main flow chamber and the second channel.

Abstract: A treatment tool includes a sheath, a hollow pipe extending in the sheath and an elastically deformable constricting member. The hollow pipe includes a flow channel formed in a direction of a longitudinal axis of the hollow pipe and extending between a distal end of the hollow pipe and a proximal end of the hollow pipe. The elastically deformable constricting member includes a first end that is reversibly insertable into the flow channel.

Abstract: An endoscope treatment tool includes a sheath, an electrode and a needle. The sheath includes a first hole opened at a distal end of the sheath. The electrode is inserted into the first hole and includes a second hole opened at a distal end of the electrode. The needle is inserted into the second hole. The needle is movable to protrude from a distal end of the second hole of the electrode. A gap between the electrode and the needle is configured to pass a fluid.

Abstract: An endoscope comprising: an insertion portion; a raising base provided at a distal end of the insertion portion; a wire configured to move in a raising direction to raise the raising base; a biasing element attached to the wire and configured to apply to the wire a biasing force in the raising direction; and an operation portion coupled to a proximal end of the insertion portion, the operation portion including a switching mechanism having a first state and a second state. The switching mechanism is configured to switch between the first state and the second state. In the first state, the switching mechanism prevents the biasing force from moving the wire in the raising direction and, in the second state, the switching mechanism allows the biasing force to move the wire in the raising direction.