Abstract: The present invention is directed to an optical deflector. The optical deflector includes a support body, a movable plate, a pair of first elastic portions connecting the movable plate and the support body, a pair of second elastic portions connecting the movable plate and the support body, a first drive wiring extending through the support body, the first elastic portions and the movable plate, a second drive wiring extending through the support body, the second elastic portions and the movable plate, and a magnetic field generator. The movable plate has a reflecting surface to reflect a light beam. The first and second elastic portions are elastically deformable to allow the movable plate to rotate about first and second rotational axes, respectively. The first and second drive wirings include parts that are positioned in the movable plate and respectively extend in parallel with the first and second rotational axes.

Abstract: To make it possible to simply and positively estimate on the spot the quality of the retinal photographing result, a retinal camera provided with an automatic exposure controlling device, an estimate reference signal generating means, a quality estimating means estimating the quality of the photographing result and an estimation indicating means indicating the estimation result. The automatic exposure controlling device comprises an integrator integrating the output from a light receiving element, a keyboard putting in exposure conditions, an exposure data signal generating means, a reference voltage generating means, a comparative calculating means and a flash light emission controlling means.