Abstract: This invention is directed to a data carrier identification system which is used, for example, in production lines. Different data carrier identification numbers (DCNos.) are assigned to respective different data carriers in an access enable area where data carriers can communicate with a central controller. The different DCNos. allow the controller to correctly access a specific data carrier even if more than one data carrier exists in an access enable area. When a new data carrier enters the access enable area its data carrier identification number is checked by the controller to determine if another data carrier already in the area has the same data carrier identification number and, if so, the controller instructs one or more of the data carriers to change their data carrier identification number so that no two data carriers within the access area have the same data carrier identification number.

Abstract: A composite card reader (11) used for IC cards, magnetic cards and the like to which the card is manually inserted and extracted is disclosed. The composite type card reader (11) has a shutter lever (28) for opening and closing a card inlet (13), a locking mechanism for locking the card by closing the shutter lever (28), and a lock releasing mechanism for releasing the lock by opening the shutter lever (28). A shutter closing lever (32) included in the locking mechanism and a shutter opening lever (30) included in the lock releasing mechanism can be alternately engaged with a roller (38) included in a link mechanism (29) coupled to the shutter lever (28). In order to maintain the lock released state by the lock releasing mechanism, a shutter linked lever (80) which is moved in relation to the shutter lever (28) has its position regulated by a slider (19) which slides in response to the insertion of the card (12).

Abstract: Applicable rules (IF-THEN rules) are generated with use of predetermined membership functions concerning input and output variables in response to entry of input and output values. Accordingly, time and labor required to make rules can be simplified. In addition, it can be also verified, by making fuzzy inferences according to the generated rules, whether or not the rules are appropriate.

Abstract: A transcutaneous electric nerve stimulator having a plurality of treatment modes and producing a low-frequency pulse of a frequency corresponding to a selected treatment mode is provided with a plurality of indicators in association with the respective treatment modes such that one of the indicators corresponding to the selected treatment mode is caused to blink in synchronism with the produced low-frequency pulse.

Abstract: A fuzzy inference system includes a rule processing means for receiving an input signal and inferencing the input signal in accordance with a plurality of fuzzy rules to generate inferenced data (B1, B2, B3, A1, A2, A3), a defuzzify means (19, 20, 119, 120, M1, 201, 203) for synthesizing and defuzzifying the inferenced data to generate a decided value (eO), and a dominant rule means (21, 121, 210) receiving the inferenced data and decided value for finding a dominant rule of the plurality of fuzzy rules which has the largest contribution degree to the decided value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical card reader that detects any relative inclination of the card by measuring the relative motion of the optical tracks themselves. The optical card reader comprises a card holding portion, an optical head having the ability follow data tracks on the optical card, and a detector that measures the angle of inclination of the optical card from a tracking signal generated from a one-dimensional relative movement of the card holder and the optical card.

Abstract: Two thickness detectors (5) each for outputting an electric signal representing the thickness of a paper sheet (B) passing thereby are arranged side by side in the width direction of a paper sheet conveyance path (3). Parameters such as paper sheet thickness, length, the existence of skew and, if skew exists, the skew angle (.theta.), are calculated based on the output signals from the thickness detectors. This facilitates detection of two or more overlapping bank notes among a wide variety of bank notes having different thicknesses or in case of a bank note having a significantly non-uniform thickness. The correct thickness of a paper sheet is also obtained at all times by using the skew angle and the reference length (W) of the paper sheet. This not only facilitates detection of two overlapping bank notes among a wide variety of bank notes having different thicknesses or in case of a bank note having a significantly non-uniform thickness, but also enables detection to be made very accurately.

Abstract: A light emitting type push button switch having an indication unit including an operation block containing an indicator and a switch unit having a microswitch turned on or off by the pushing of the operation block through a plunger axially movably held in the case of the indication unit, the indication unit and switch unit which can be easily engaged with each other or disengaged from each other.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for switching a selected one out of a plurality of rule groups to an inference device which operates on applied input data using the selected rule group. A starting rule group decision unit receives the input data and decides on a starting rule group to be used by the inference device on the received input data. During operation, the selecting unit may designate another rule group to be activated for use by the inference device. The plurality of rule groups are preferably associated with respective rule group processors each having a plurality of rule evaluation units, the starting rule group decision unit decides on one of the rule group processors used in the inference device, and the selecting unit includes a plurality of switching gates respectively assigned to the rule group processors so that a rule group processor is selected for use by activating its assigned switching gates.

Abstract: A device for processing optical data comprising a transparent substrate for a light to be applied, light source for projecting the diverging light onto one surface of the substrate substantially perpendicularly to the surface, lens provided on the substrate for causing the projected light to emerge obliquely or vertically upward from the other surface of the substrate and focusing the emergent light, photodetector provided on the substrate for receiving the light reflected from above, focusing drive mechanism for adjusting the position of the substrate upward or downward, and tracking drive mechanism for adjusting the position of the substrate laterally.

Abstract: An optical data storage accessing apparatus which includes a first light projecting unit including a laser diode for projecting data recording light onto a data storage medium, a second light projecting unit for projecting data recording light onto the data storage medium, and a light receiving unit. The light receiving unit receives the data reading light after it is reflected by the data storage medium to read data recorded on the data storage medium. An optical unit joins the data recording light and the data reading light and separates data reading light reflected from the data storage medium from the data recording light.

Abstract: In a checkin gate apparatus, a seat table for checking practically occupied seats and also unoccupied seat deleting function are additionally provided to check which seats remain unoccupied, before the departure of passenger transport means such as airplanes. Further, unoccupied seat assigning function is provided for receiving tickets on which no seat is assigned and assigning an unoccupied seat thereto before departure. Since non-booked passengers can wait for an unoccupied seat at a boarding gate, it is possible to quickly achieve unoccupied seat assigning work.

Abstract: A signature identification system includes an IC card having a memory storing sign data representing a genuine signature and a display device for displaying the genuine signature by readign the sign data stored in the IC card. A writing unit includes a sign reading device for reading a genuine signature signed by an authorized person and a writing device for writing data representing the read genuine signature on an IC card, whereby the genuine signature is invisibly stored in the IC card and imitation of the genuine signature by viewing the genuine signature in the card can be avoided.

Abstract: An electron-beam resist is applied over a substrate so as to have a thickness larger than the maximum thickness of a micro aspherical lens to be fabricated, a predetermined pattern is written on this resist by electron-beam lithography and then, the resist is developed, thereby to fabricate a micro aspherical lens or the prototype thereof. Consequently, a micro aspherical lens causing little on-axis aberration and chromatic aberration and having a diameter of 1 millimeter or less can be achieved with high precision. In addition, the micro aspherical lens can be produced in large quantity because the reproduction thereof is relatively easy. Furthermore, an optical fiber coupling device, a focusing optical system, an optical device, a semiconductor laser light source, an image device or the like can be constructed using the micro aspherical lens thus fabricated.

Abstract: A buffer layer employed for an epitaxial growth includes two kinds of lattices of a superlattice of a lattice matching and a superlattice of a lattice mismatching or of a heterointerface so as to obtain the gas trap effect and the distortion removal effect, thereby improving the quality of the semiconductor device.

Abstract: A power source apparatus includes a rectifier, a smoothing circuit, an output control circuit, a switching circuit and a voltage detecting circuit. The voltage detecting circuit has a smaller time constant than the smoothing circuit. A semiconductor switching element in the output circuit is turned on and off such that it is only on when both the switching circuit and the voltage detecting circuit determine that the rectifier output has exceeded a predetermined level. The time constants of the voltage detecting circuit and smoothing circuits can be set such that the output is switched off at substantially the same voltage level when different loads are applied to the output circuit.

Abstract: The detection system comprises a sensor and a controller which are connected by two wires. The sensor can take more than two states as opposed to conventional detection systems. According to this arrangement, for instance, a small leakage current exists even when the sensor is in normal off state, and, therefore, electric current in the range of I1 to I2 flows even in normal off state. On the other hand, electric current of I3 to I4 flows in normal on state. When there is a wire breakage, no electric current flows. Conversely, when there is a shortcircuiting, electric current exceeding I4 flows. Electric current in the range of I3 to I4 corresponds to an unstable state which is neither normal on state nor normal off state.

Abstract: An IC card transaction system is disclosed in which at least a portion of the data required to complete a transaction processing is stored in the card by a customer in advance of transaction processing. An automatic transaction processing unit reads the transaction data stored in the card, checks to determine what transaction data, if any, which is required for the processing of the transaction is not stored in the card and, if necessary, receives from the customer any additional data which was not previously stored in the card and which is required to complete a transaction.

Abstract: This electronic component assembly includes: a body construction comprising a planar base portion, a fin provided as projecting from the planar base portion of the body construction, and a heat generating element fixedly attached to the planar base portion of the body construction. Thereby, very good heat dissipation is made available for the heat generating element, since no intermediate heat dissipating plate is used.

Abstract: An intelligent modem system which is used for connecting an information processing terminal such as a microcomputer with a public communication line by modulating and demodulating the data transmitted between the information processing terminal and the public communication line, comprising: an information set up circuit which can set up at least ID information; and a reception operation control circuit which verifies if an incoming call is from an authorized party or not by responding to the public communication line according to the ID information, and connects a modem circuit connected to the public communication line to a line leading to the information processing terminal only when an incoming call is confirmed to be from an authorized party.