Abstract: A catalyst includes a support and a plurality of catalyst particles disposed on the support. The support may include a plurality of metal oxide or doped metal oxide particles and a plurality of organic groups attached to the metal oxide or doped metal oxide particles via diazonium salt reaction. The plurality of organic groups, which may be aromatic groups and/or alkyl groups, may be substituted with functional groups that are positively or negatively charged.

Abstract: A thermolysis based hydrogen and oxygen generator and a method of generating hydrogen and oxygen can include a high pressure pump for pumping fluid, such fluid provided for separating into at least hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules, a high pressure, high temperature spherical vessel coupled to the high pressure pump, and one or more lasers for focusing energy in a predetermined direction towards the spherical vessel, where the one or more lasers creates heat energy and pressure in the spherical vessel sufficiently to cause the fluid in the spherical vessel to separate into hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules. The generator can further include a power supply for powering the one or lasers and the high pressure pump, a hydrogen storage tank coupled to the spherical vessel for storing the hydrogen molecules, and an oxygen storage tank coupled to the spherical vessel for storing the oxygen molecules.

Abstract: A battery pack protects the internal battery pack components from the heat, e.g., heat generated during a sterilization process of an autoclave. The battery pack prevents the heat of the autoclave from damaging the battery cells and other electronic components within a battery pack housing. The battery pack may include a multi-layer thermal protection portion lining an inside surface of the walls of the battery pack housing with a combination of materials designed to limit the amount of heat to which the internal components of the battery will be exposed for the duration of a traditional autoclave sterilization cycle. Additionally, the battery pack may include a thermal protection casing around connection elements, such as wires and contacts, between a battery pack contact and the battery cells, to limit the heat rise from the heat of the autoclave in or on the connection elements of the battery pack.

Abstract: A method for operating of a fuel cell includes flowing oxidant and fuel to a cathode and an anode of a fuel cell to provide a flow of electrical current from the fuel cell to a battery. The fuel cell is disconnected from the battery and a flow of the oxidant to the cathode is stopped. Current passes from the fuel cell through a resistor coupled to the fuel cell, and a voltage of the fuel cell decreases to clean off the catalyst surface of a membrane of a membrane electrode assembly of the fuel cell. The flow of oxidant to the cathode is increased and the battery is reconnected to the fuel cell to provide electrical current to the battery.

Abstract: An opposed-piston engine is configured to use hydrogen fuel. The opposed-piston engine has at least one cylinder and a pair of pistons disposed for opposed motion in a bore of the cylinder. Hydrogen fuel is directly side-injected into the cylinder in a compression stroke of the opposed-piston engine, mixed with charge air in the cylinder, and auto-ignited in a combustion chamber formed in the cylinder between the pistons during the compression stroke. A method of operating the hydrogen opposed-piston engine includes switching between a first ignition mode using an externally-generated ignition impulse to ignite the mixture of hydrogen fuel and charge air, and a second ignition mode using compression to ignite the mixture.

Abstract: There is provided a method of communicating between a receiver of a wireless power transfer system and a transmitter of the wireless power transfer system. The receiver comprises a synchronous rectifier. The method comprises modifying operation of a synchronous rectifier of a receiver of a wireless power transfer system. The method further comprises detecting a parameter change at a transmitter of the wireless power transfer system based on a modification of the operation of the synchronous rectifier. The method further comprises determining data communicated from the receiver to the transmitter based on the parameter change.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a membrane electrode assembly, a first plate separator and a second plate separator on opposite sides of the membrane electrode assembly. The first plate separator and the second plate separator have exterior ends laterally spaced from the membrane electrode assembly. A first gas diffusion layer is located between the first plate separator and the membrane electrode assembly. A second gas diffusion layer is located between the second plate separator and the membrane electrode assembly. The sub-gasket extends laterally from the membrane electrode assembly. A first seal is located between the first plate separator and the sub-gasket. A conductive trace is attached to the sub-gasket and extends laterally on the sub-gasket away from the first seal and upwardly away from the subgasket to contact the first plate separator.

Abstract: There is provided a method of wireless power transfer through a medium. The method comprises controlling an input voltage of an inverter of a transmitter of a wireless power transfer system based on a detected parameter. The method further comprises generating, via the transmitter, a field for transferring power wirelessly through a medium to a receiver of the wireless power transfer system based on the input voltage. Other methods are also provided. There is also provided a controller, system, and transmitter for wirelessly transferring power through a medium.

Abstract: A bidirectional wireless power transfer system for transferring power comprises a power stage electrically connected to a transceiver element for an electric field and/or a magnetic field, and for extracting power from a generated electric field and/or a generated magnetic field. The power stage is for inverting an inputted power signal and for rectifying a received power signal. The system further comprises a trigger circuit for synchronizing wireless power transfer; and a clock generator for generating a clock signal.

Abstract: A system for wireless power transmission, preferably including one or more power transmitters, detectors, and/or processing modules, and optionally including one or more power receivers and/or auxiliary sensors. A method for field detection, preferably including transmitting power, receiving latent scattering signals, analyzing the scattering signals, and/or acting based on the analysis.

Abstract: A solid or liquid fuel to plasma to electricity power source that provides at least one of electrical and thermal power comprising (i) at least one reaction cell for the catalysis of atomic hydrogen to form hydrinos, (ii) a chemical fuel mixture comprising at least two components chosen from: a source of H2O catalyst or H2O catalyst; a source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen; reactants to form the source of H2O catalyst or H2O catalyst and a source of atomic hydrogen or atomic hydrogen; one or more reactants to initiate the catalysis of atomic hydrogen; and a material to cause the fuel to be highly conductive, (iii) a fuel injection system such as a railgun shot injector, (iv) at least one set of electrodes that confine the fuel and an electrical power source that provides repetitive short bursts of low-voltage, high-current electrical energy to initiate rapid kinetics of the hydrino reaction and an energy gain due to forming hydrinos to form a brilliant-light emitting plasma, (v) a product recovery syst

Abstract: A thermal management system and a method of heating a water-surface load or sub-water load. The system includes an electrochemical power source which generates electrical power and heat as a byproduct or coproduct. The electrolyte contained in the electrochemical power source is configured to transport the heat that is generated by the electrochemical power source to at least one water-surface load or sub-water load.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for injectors for use in combustion systems employing multiple non-solid or gas streams such as supercritical CO2 systems. The apparatus and method allow for reactants to be injected into a combustion chamber in such a way that combustion is locally inhibited. Injectors employing an inner and outer tube are designed to minimize mixing between the non-solid gas streams and allow for swirling and stratification of the non-solid or gas streams.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed that monitor the carbon and hydrogen production of a pyrolysis reactor system and adjust one or more inputs to the reactor system to improve performance when one or both of the monitored carbon and hydrogen production falls outside of a target performance specification. In particular, the ratio of fuel to oxidant (“fuel/oxidant ratio”) supplied to a combustion chamber of the reactor system is adjusted to below a fuel/oxidant equivalence ratio range, defined as 0.9-1.1, when both carbon and hydrogen production falls below a target carbon and hydrogen specification, and adjusted above the fuel/oxidant equivalence ratio range when only the carbon production falls below a target carbon specification. The target specification can include a number of parameters including production rate, morphology (of carbon), and operating temperature.

Abstract: Thin bidirectional bipolar junction transistor (BJT) devices and methods for fabricating thin bidirectional BJT devices. The method includes forming a first base region and a first emitter/collector region on a first side of a first thick semiconductor wafer. The method also includes removing a portion of the first thick semiconductor wafer to produce a first thin semiconductor wafer. The method further includes forming a second base region and a second emitter/collector region on a second side of the first thin semiconductor wafer opposite the first side. The method also includes producing a second thin semiconductor wafer. The method further includes bonding the first thin semiconductor wafer to the second thin semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: A piston is configured to be used in a cylinder bore of an opposed-piston. The piston includes a biaxial bearing. The biaxial bearing includes a biaxial wrist pin with a diameter configured to be less than half the diameter of the cylinder bore.

Abstract: A method for use in manufacturing a fuel cell stack includes assembling a membrane electrode assembly to have a membrane between a first gas diffusion layer and a second gas diffusion layer. A bypass blocker is located at a space between a first gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode assembly and a seal. The blocker is deformed on the seal and deformation is avoided of the blocker at the space such that the blocker inhibits a bypass flow of a reactant through the space between the gas diffusion layer and the seal in a direction of flow of the reactant during operation of the fuel cell. The membrane electrode assembly is located between a first fluid flow plate and a second fluid flow plate.

Abstract: Method and circuitry for controlling a transmitter and a receiver of a wireless power transfer system. There is provided transmitter control circuitry for controlling a duty cycle of an inverter of a transmitter of a wireless power transfer system based on detection of a load signal at the transmitter. There is further provided receiver control circuitry for controlling operation of a receiver of a wireless power transfer system, the circuitry modifying of the load at the input or output of a rectifier of a receiver of a wireless power transfer system to vary a load signal at the receiver. The transmitter control circuitry may control the duty cycle of the inverter based on detection of the load signal from the receiver.

Abstract: A membraneless battery comprising a cathode comprising a cathode electroactive material; an anode comprising an anode electroactive material; a catholyte in contact with the cathode, wherein the catholyte is not in contact with the anode; an anolyte in contact with the anode, wherein the anolyte is not in contact with the cathode; and one or more buffer interlayers disposed between the anolyte and the catholyte. The catholyte has a pH of less than 4, and the anolyte has a pH of greater than 10. The one or more buffer interlayers regulate a pH in the battery. The anode electroactive material comprises a Zn electroactive material. At least one of the one or more buffer interlayers comprises a weak acid and its conjugate base; and/or at least one of the one or more buffer interlayers comprises a weak base and its conjugate acid.

Abstract: Provided are electric vehicle charging systems (EV charging systems) and methods of operating such systems for charging electric vehicles (EVs). A system, which may be referred to as electric vehicle service equipment (EVSE), comprises one or more EV charging ports (e.g., charge handles) for connecting to EVs. The system may include various features to identify specific EVs. The system also includes a grid connector for connecting to an external power grid and, in some examples, to monitor the power grid conditions (e.g., voltage, AC frequency). The system also includes a system controller, configured to control the power output at each EV charging port based on, e.g., vehicle charging requirements and/or available grid power. The system can also include an integrated battery, serving as a backup and/or an addition to the power grid. Furthermore, in some examples, the system includes a solar connector (e.g., with an integrated inverter) for connection to an external solar array.