Abstract: Disclosed is a method, a device, a system and/or a manufacture of an evolving actual possession token with verifiable evolution state. In one embodiment, a method of ledgerless ownership through actual possession of an electronic token receives an electronic token that includes a set of data blocks each having a transaction data beginning with an issue transaction, with each data block having a block hash dependent on a previous block hash and on a secret value used to evolve the electronic token when adding a new block upon a transfer transaction. A new block and a new secret value is generated and input into a cryptographic hash function, resulting in an output that is a new block hash representing an evolved state of the token. The evolved state may be published to an a state dataset that may establish an independent evidence of evolution of the electronic token.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method, a device, and/or a system of rapid and secure off-ledger cryptocurrency transactions through cryptographic binding of a private key to a possession token. In one embodiment, a method for rapid and secure ledger-less transfer of a quantity of cryptocurrency includes generating a public-private key pair, securely storing the private key and utilizing the public key as a public address. The method verifies a ledger transaction on a distributed ledger network associated the quantity of cryptocurrency with the public address. The method generates a possession token having a state indicated by a state indicator. The state evolves upon transfer between two computing devices. The method cryptographically associates the ledger token and the possession token through incorporation of the public address into data generating the state indicator. The possession token is transferred to a computing device over the network while retaining the private key in secure custody.