Abstract: Intrusion detector of the type in which the presence of an intruder is detected by infrared heat energy emitted by his body. An alarm signal is delivered when the level of radiation detected rises from the ambient level to a threshold level. A temperature responsive circuit adjusts the threshold level and so that the system has a relatively uniform detection range or sensitivity notwithstanding changes in the ambient temperature in the protected area.

Abstract: A testing apparatus for making photometric measurements of transmission and reflectance of large parts uses a light beam having a spatially ill-defined energy distribution. A detector for receiving the light beam has a spatial variation in its sensitivity over its sensing area. A diffuser is provided which is disposed in the light beam for intercepting the light beam before it strikes the detector. The diffuser is formed of a white-like plastic and has a thickness which decreases progressively towards the outer edges of the same to compensate for the fall-off in sensitivity of the detector to rays closer to the outer margins of the diffuser or away from the center of the diffuser. The diffuser is formed in two portions in which a portion of the diffuser is in substantially closer proximity to the detector than the other portion to minimize the directional sensitivity of the detector.The apparatus uses an invisible beam which is aimed by a coaxial visible beam.

Abstract: A concentrator solar cell array module having a metallic heat sink with a planar mounting surface. A semiconductor spacer is provided. The semiconductor spacer is provided with a layer of insulating material in the form of silicon oxide. The silicon oxide surface is secured to the mounting surface of the heat sink by a thermally conductive adhesive. A semiconductor solar cell is provided. Solder is utilized for securing the solar cell to the spacer. A glass cover is secured to the solar cell by an adhesive. The glass cover is provided with a textured surface to cause diffusion of the light impinging upon the solar cell.

Abstract: Lighting fixture having a housing with an open side. A lamp is mounted in the housing that is capable of producing light rays which pass through the open side of the housing. A protective covering of glass is carried by the housing and encloses the open side. The protective covering of glass is provided with a surface which has a high angle anti-reflection coating disposed on the surface.

Abstract: Laser reflector with reduced electric field intensity having a substrate having an optically smooth surface with a multilayer thin film optical coating disposed on the surface. The coating is comprised of high and low index layers formed in first and second groups with the first group being formed of layers having optical thicknesses substantially equal to one quarter of the wave length of the laser beam and the second group being formed of layers having optical thicknesses which are substantially different from one quarter of the wave length of the laser beam in which .theta. is the phase thickness of the low index layer defined by the equation ##EQU1## AND .phi.

Abstract: A lighting fixture and method using multiple reflections having a housing with an open side. A lamp is mounted in the housing and produces rays of light which pass through the open side. First and second reflecting surfaces are carried by the housing for reflecting light. The first and second reflecting surfaces are positioned on opposite sides of the lamp so that direct rays from the lamp will strike the first reflecting surface and be reflected onto the second reflecting surface and then will be reflected through the open side of the housing at a high angle with respect to the angle of the original direct rays from the lamp.

Abstract: Lighting fixture having housing with an open side. A lamp is mounted in the housing and produces rays which pass through the open side. The housing carries an internal reflecting surface for reflecting light rays from the lamp through the open side. The internal reflecting surface includes Fresnel type portions for reflecting light rays from the lamp at high angles through the open side. In certain applications, the open side would be enclosed by a glass enclosure. In order to increase the efficiency of the lighting fixture, an anti-reflection coating can be provided on both sides of the glass enclosure. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONMany different types of lighting fixtures hereto fore have been provided. However in connection with such lighting fixtures there always is a need for increased reflectivity from the reflective portions of the lighting fixture. In addition, there is a further requirement to obtain better control over the direction of the light emitted from the lighting fixture.

Abstract: Ophthalmic anti-reflection coating for use on spectacles with lenses having an eye side and an outside. A first coating is disposed on the eye side of each lens and the second coating is disposed on the outside of each lens. The first and second coatings are formed of a metal layer and a dielectric layer having a low index of refraction. The metal layer in the first coating is adjacent the lens on the eye side and the dielectric layer in the second coating is adjacent the lens on the outside.

Abstract: Silicon solar cell construction having a two layer anti-reflection coating overlying the silicon cell and being disposed between the silicon solar cell and the cement which is utilized for securing the silicon solar cell cover to the silicon solar cell.

Abstract: An ingot gripper assembly for use in gripping an ingot which is substantially cylindrical in shape and having a base with an upwardly and downwardly inclined surface and being provided with an opening which extends to the inclined surface. First and second spaced apart pairs of spaced apart pins are carried by the base and extend upwardly from the inclined surface. A ball is disposed between the first and second pairs of pins and is movable upwardly from the inclined surface and inwardly and outwardly between the first and second pairs of pins. The first and second pairs of pins face each other with the first pair being spaced farther from the cylindrical surface than the second pair. The first pair of pins are inclined sideways in an upward direction.

Abstract: Multi-layer coating apparatus and system for coating a substrate having a coating chamber and means for advancing the substrate in a horizontal position through the coating chamber. The coating chamber is provided with means for depositing the coating on the bottom side of the substrate as it is advanced through the chamber. Means is provided for preventing one substrate from bumping into another and for providing a predetermined spacing from the substrates as they are advanced through the coating chamber.

Abstract: In vapor deposition apparatus, a plurality of spaced substrates on a rotatable horizontally disposed support, a vapor source disposed below said support and offset with respect to the axis of rotation of the support, and a mask extending approximately 180.degree. which is uniformly disposed and diametrically opposed with respect to said source whereby the effective vapor stream is generally normal to exposed substrates. A continuously exposed monitor chip is provided.

Abstract: Coated architectural glass system having a transparent substrate with a surface and a multi-layer coating disposed on the surface. The multi-layer coating comprises first and second metal layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the first and second metal layers. The first and second metal layers have a thickness ratio so that the transmission of the coating can be changed independent of its reflection properties, by varying the thickness of the metal layers while maintaining the ratio constant. The dielectric has a thickness such that the reflection from the coating is not strongly colored in the region of 400 millimicrons to approximately 700 millimicrons. In the method, the transmission of the coating can be changed merely by varying the thickness of the first and second metal layers in accordance with a thickness ratio.

Abstract: A striped dichroic filter having a substrate with a surface. A first set of spaced parallel stripes capable of reflecting at least one color are carried by the surface. A second set of spaced parallel stripes capable of reflecting at least one different color different from said one color reflected by the first set of stripes is also carried by the surface. The first and second sets of stripes are disposed so that they are substantially parallel to each other and so that they are in abutting relationship with substantially no space or overlap between adjacent stripes. Third and additional sets of stripes for reflecting other colors may be provided.In the method for making the striped dichroic filter, a dual lift-off is used which utilizes both metal and resist lift-off techniques that are mutually exclusive.

Abstract: Fourier transform imaging microscope for examining parts carrying repetitive stripe pattern having a source of light with means forming a slit through which the light passes. Means including the part carrying the repetitive stripe pattern is used for forming a Fourier transform image of the slit after the light beam passes through it. Slit means is provided for suppressing the image of the stripe pattern itself while enhancing any defects and non-uniformities in the pattern.

Abstract: Display device which changes colors which has first and second spaced members with the first member being formed of an insulating material and being capable of transmitting light. Means is disposed between the first and second members for diffusing light. Means is carried by the second member which is capable of reflecting light. Means is provided on the first member which is capable of transmitting a certain spectral region of the light beam and for reflecting another spectral region of the light beam so that when the light beam passes through the means disposed between the first and second members and certain of the light is diffused, a color is imparted to the eye of the viewer.

Abstract: Liquid crystal display device having first and second substantially transparent insulative plates having front and rear surfaces with said plates being arranged so that the rear surface of the first plate and the front surface of the second plate face each other. An antireflection coating is disposed on at least one of said front and rear surfaces of said front plate. A conducting coating is carried on said rear surface of said first plate and said front surface of said second plate. Means secures the first plate to the second plate so that there is a space provided between said conductive layers. A layer of liquid crystal material is disposed in said space.In the method, an antireflection coating is provided on a surface so that the pattern carried by the display device is invisible when the display device is not activated.

Abstract: Level control apparatus for cyrogenic liquids having a cryogenic liquid. Means is provided for introducing cryogenic liquid into the chamber and outlet means is provided to permit removal of the cryogenic liquid from the chamber. Level sensing means is mounted on the flask and has a probe extending into the chamber so that it will come in contact with the cryogenic liquid when the cryogenic liquid reaches a predetermined level within the chamber. The probe includes a thermocouple with a resistor secured to the thermocouple for heating the thermocouple. When the resistor is in contact with the cryogenic liquid, the thermocouple remains cold and provides a signal of one type. When the resistor is uncovered by the cryogenic liquid and the thermocouple becomes hot, a signal of a different type is provided. The signals from the thermocouples are utilized for controlling the entrance of the cryogenic liquid into the chamber and to maintain the liquid level at a predetermined level within the chamber.