Abstract: A liquid display device of D-STN mode capable of suppressing a line-shaped ununiformity of brightness in displaying a dark appearance is presented. A displaying cell 1 and a compensation cell 21 are formed so that there is a difference of thickness of at least 0.05 mm between the thickness of a glass substrate 2 at a front side of the displaying cell 1 and the thickness of a glass substrate at a rear side of the compensation cell 21. The displaying cell 1 and the compensation cell 21 are arranged between a first polarizing plate 32 and a second polarizing plate 33. A backlight 31 is of a type emitting light whose half value width with respect to the peak luminance is at least 5 nm.

Abstract: A liquid display device of D-STN mode capable of suppressing a line-shaped ununiformity of brightness in displaying a dark appearance is presented. A displaying cell 1 and a compensation cell 21 are formed so that there is a difference of thickness of at least 0.05 mm between the thickness of a glass substrate 2 at a front side of the displaying cell 1 and the thickness of a glass substrate at a rear side of the compensation cell 21. The displaying cell 1 and the compensation cell 21 are arranged between a first polarizing plate 32 and a second polarizing plate 33. A backlight 31 is of a type emitting light whose half value width with respect to the peak luminance is at least 5 nm.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display element has a pair of supporting substrates 10, 20 each having a transparent electrode patterned in a predetermined shape and an insulation film 12 formed on at least one transparent electrode 11 at a side of liquid crystal wherein the insulation film is a film which provides a refractive index difference of not more than 0.15 with respect to the refractive index of the transparent electrode and has a film thickness distribution of at least ±500 Å in the area of a radius of 500 &mgr;m, whereby a phenomenon of ITO bone appearance can be avoided without causing an increase of manufacturing cost and a reduction of productivity, and both requirements of the improvement of non-coloration characteristics of white and black and avoidance of a phenomenon of ITO bone appearance are satisfied.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display element has a pair of supporting substrates 10, 20 each having a transparent electrode patterned in a predetermined shape and an insulation film 12 formed on at least one transparent electrode 11 at a side of liquid crystal wherein the insulation film is a film which provides a refractive index difference of not more than 0.15 with respect to the refractive index of the transparent electrode and has a film thickness distribution of at least ±500 Å in the area of a radius of 500 &mgr;m, whereby a phenomenon of ITO bone appearance can be avoided without causing an increase of manufacturing cost and a reduction of productivity, and both requirements of the improvement of non-coloration characteristics of white and black and avoidance of a phenomenon of ITO bone appearance are satisfied.

Abstract: For the contacting of conductors of a support with contact warts of an electronic component, the contact warts are first of all coated on the side thereof facing the support with a graphite material which remains resilient in hardened condition. Adhesive is then applied to the electronic component between the contact warts or in corresponding manner on a support. The electronic component is then pressed with initial stress against the support until the adhesive has hardened.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display has a liquid-crystal cell (1) which is formed of two substrates (2) spaced apart from each other, and is filled with a nematic liquid-crystal substance (4). On the cell inner-space side, electrode layers (3) which can be acted on by voltage are arranged on the substrates (2). On the cell outside space side, a double-refracting compensation layer extends over the cell surface. Liquid-crystal cell (1) and compensation layer are arranged between two polarization filters (11). The compensation layer is developed over its surface with a plurality of regions adjacent to each other. The amount of the double refraction of the regions differs from each other by a small amount.