Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to ultraweak photon emission imaging systems and methods. In some embodiments, a method comprises acquiring an ultraweak photon emission image of a target area of a patient for detection of a pathological condition; wherein the target area comprises an area of interest and a portion surrounding the area of interest, wherein acquiring the image comprises: enhancing formation of reactive oxygen species and/or reactive nitrogen species in the target area, wherein enhancing formation of the reactive oxygen species and/or the reactive nitrogen species comprises applying low level light illumination to the target area from 1 second to 60 minutes so as to achieve a total power output from 1 mW to 10,000 W using an average power density from 0.1 W/cm2 to 1 W/cm2; and imaging the target area, wherein imaging the target area comprises a total exposure time from 1 second to 60 minutes.