Abstract: A golf club head is provided with a center of gravity positioned within a partial ellipsoid defined in an impact reference frame that has its origin at the hit center of the face of the golf club head. The majority of the partial ellipsoid is located toward the golfer from the hit center and all of the partial ellipsoid is below the hit center in the impact reference frame.

Abstract: The present sheet separation technique provides easy means to separate thin sheets of paper. Slight bulges of various forms that do not nest together with adjacent sheets are formed in the sheets so that each sheet stands slightly free from its neighbors at or near such bulges so long as a sheet is not weighted down significantly. When weighted significantly, such as by numerous overlying pages, the sheet becomes flat as in the usual present form not having such features. In a preferred form, parts of at least some of the bulges extend to, or near, one or more edge locations.

Abstract: A golf club head is provided with a center of gravity positioned within a partial ellipsoid defined in an impact reference frame that has its origin at the hit center of the face of the golf club head. The majority of the partial ellipsoid is located toward the golfer from the hit center and all of the partial ellipsoid is below the hit center in the impact reference frame.

Abstract: A method of assembly of construction and assembly of golf club head parts used to manufacture golf club heads primarily composed of strong plastic materials that can be formed by injection plastic molding processes in a minimum of two parts. Draft is practical for both molded parts to simplify mold making. A preferred plastic is polycarbonate. Internal reinforcement elements are designed and arranged to provide structural features to facilitate assembly and improve strength of bonds. Internal reinforcement elements may be molded as separate parts to join with the face and shell structure. A hosel, which is not considered part of the shell and which may be made of plastic or metal, is bonded into the golf club head parts described.

Abstract: A hose clamp for joining flexible hose or tubing to an internal fitting, or to repair a break, or to join two lengths of such tubing, has a plurality of wraps of a stretched strand of material around the exterior with the end secured to the hose. The clamp is formed by stretching the strand so each wrap is under tension and wrapping the strand over the hose numerous times, and securing the ends of the strand to prevent unwinding. Various types of applications are described.

Abstract: Improved golf club heads indicating the location of an optimum hit point on the striking face for maximum shot distance of any hit location on the face (“maximum distance spot”, called MD) and an indication of a second optimum hit point giving best distance, with the condition of minimum or no change of torque caused feel as perceived by the golfer at impact (“best feel spot,” called BF) are disclosed. Methods to locate these optimum locations are described. It has been widely assumed and believed that these two points have the same location. The present inventors have found that this is not true. The principal application is to “wood” type golf clubs designed to hit golf balls from a tee, but can provide useful information for clubs hitting balls from the ground. The indication of MD and BF locations on the club face may take any of various forms.

Abstract: The present sheet separation technique provides easy means to separate thin sheets of paper. Slight bulges of various forms that do not nest together with adjacent sheets are formed in the sheets so that each sheet stands slightly free from its neighbors at or near such bulges so long as a sheet is not weighted down significantly. When weighted significantly, such as by numerous overlying pages, the sheet becomes flat as in the usual present form not having such features. In a preferred form, parts of at least some of the bulges extend to, or near, one or more edge locations.

Abstract: Improved golf club heads indicating the location of an optimum hit point on the striking face for maximum shot distance of any hit location on the face (“maximum distance spot”, called MD) and an indication of a second optimum hit point giving best distance, with the condition of minimum or no change of torque caused feel as perceived by the golfer at impact (“best feel spot,” called BF) are disclosed. Methods to locate these optimum locations are described. It has been widely assumed and believed that these two points have the same location. The present inventors have found that this is not true. The principal application is to “wood” type golf clubs designed to hit golf balls from a tee, but can provide useful information for clubs hitting balls from the ground. The indication of MD and BF locations on the club face may take any of various forms.

Abstract: A golf club head, more specifically a driver head, has a shell structure aft of the face that has ample strength but also can deform in the fore-aft direction for off-center hits sufficiently to provide good spring effect for such hits, comparable to hits at the center. Unwanted scatter caused by off-center hits is reduced with the spring design used in the shell structure. The shell structure can be applied to other hollow wood-type club heads. The shell structure can be provided with a coat or cover to close openings in the shell structure, and selected to make little change in stiffness or mass of the shell.

Abstract: An internal vibration damper for hollow golf club heads is disclosed. Of particular concern is vibration of the club sole and crown when the face of the club impacts a golf ball. At least one column extends from the sole to the crown, approximately perpendicular to the surfaces of the sole and crown. The column construction or its mounting acts to dampen and reduce vibrations of the sole and crown toward and apart from each other upon ball impact on the face of the club head.

Abstract: A golf tee is disclosed that is highly durable compared to wooden tees, is easy to find if struck during a golf swing, and has other attributes. It is in the form of a tube of somewhat smaller diameter than a golf ball and having the lower end provided with a spike or point similar to that of a wooden tee. It is primarily made of a tough elastomeric plastic such as moderately high durometer polyurethane. Preferably, it has provision for flotation, such as trapped air to prevent it from sinking if it should land in water.

Abstract: A method of assembly of construction and assembly of golf club head parts used to manufacture golf club heads primarily composed of strong plastic materials that can be formed by injection plastic molding processes in a minimum of two parts. Draft is practical for both molded parts to simplify mold making. A preferred plastic is polycarbonate. Internal reinforcement elements are designed and arranged to provide structural features to facilitate assembly and improve strength of bonds. Internal reinforcement elements may be molded as separate parts to join with the face and shell structure. A hosel, which is not considered part of the shell and which may be made of plastic or metal, is bonded into the golf club head parts described.

Abstract: A golf club head, more specifically a driver head, that has deformation for center hits that is typical of current spring-effect drivers having a slightly springy face, but atypical in that it has substantially more deformation for off-center hits as compared to current designs. This is achieved by providing a shell structure aft of the face that has ample strength but also can deform in the fore-aft direction for off-center hits sufficiently to provide good spring effect for such hits, comparable to hits at the center. Current designs also change slope of the face surface for off-center hits, causing unwanted scatter of the launch angle and/or direction. That effect may also be reduced by appropriate design of the novel design. These features are accomplished by a novel spring design in the shell. The novel design can also be applied to other hollow wood-type heads.