Abstract: Methods for detecting the presence or concentration of an analyte in a matrix by exploiting the specificities of the analyte's antibody and enzyme-substrate are disclosed. The analyte is first extracted from the matrix by binding it to its specific antibody which has been attached to a solid surface. The antibody-bound analyte is then separated from the matrix to remove it from any interfering substances. Next, the antibody-bound analyte is reacted with its specific enzyme-substrate to generate a signal proportionate to the amount of analyte bound to the antibody, which in turn is dependent on the quantity of analyte present in the matrix. Applications of the methods of the present invention to detect the presence and concentration of hemoglobin, a transferase, and a serine protease, are specifically disclosed. Further, kits useful for utilizing the methods of the present invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is provided for rapidly determining during a saliva specimen collection procedure the presence of an amount of saliva, and for verifying that the sample obtained is in fact saliva. Color indication by dye markers and/or enzymatic activation of color indicators provides an indication that at least a predetermined amount of saliva has been applied to an absorbent and the enzymatic reaction indicates that saliva is contained in the sample collected.

Abstract: A method of stabilizing the glucose content of a blood sample applied to a sorbent for drying is provided. A solution of sodium fluoride or other glycolysis inhibitor is applied to a sorbent. A blood sample for glucose determination is then applied to the sorbent whereupon glycolysis is immediately inhibited. The blood sample may then be dried for shipping without loss of glucose content during the drying period.

Abstract: A method of gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) analysis is suitable for use with hemolyzed fluid or dried whole blood samples which avoids the need for protein precipitation or centrifugation of the sample. Analysis is by first mixing a fluid or dried whole blood sample with a phosphate buffered saline solution containing a non-ionic biological detergent. The mixture is then vigorously agitated for one hour at room temperature. The activity of the GGT is then determined by reacting the mixture with a GGT substrate. Color is developed by a diazo coupling reaction with the enzyme reaction product. The intensity of the color is then measured.