Abstract: A high-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation arrangement compensates for PMD in an optical signal using a temporal imaging technique. An optical data input signal to the PMD compensator arrangement includes first and second polarization components for each bit of data that have been subjected to PMD. In the PMD compensation arrangement a clock recovery arrangement generates an electrical clock output control signal including a predetermined phase modulation depth and phase and a data rate of the received optical input data signal. A phase modulator is responsive to the optical input data signal and the electrical clock output control signal from the clock recovery arrangement for generating an optical output signal. In this optical output signal, the phase of the first and second polarization components associated with each data bit are delayed by a predetermined amount.