Abstract: This invention relates to a device for joining two building units one of which is load-bearing and the other load-imposing. A conventional solution for joining e.g. a column and a beam is to form a sideward projection in the column for supporting the beam. This kind of projection complicates considerably the casting of the column and remarkable shearing forces are formed therein. In the invention these drawbacks are eliminated by fastening to the building units anchoring means which do not project from the column, at least not from the side surfaces thereof, and by positioning them in the building units in such a way that points at which the anchoring means extending from one building unit to the other are fastened to the building units are positioned in a completed joint at a distance from each other in the vertical direction.

Abstract: Shotcrete gun consisting of a concrete container and a spraying device, such as a worm screw, and a nozzle for pressurized air. The whole shotcrete gun assembly is mounted on a traversing mechanism allowing the shotcrete gun to be shifted in the horizontal, vertical and depthwise directions beside the element to be shotcreted.

Abstract: Described herein are a method for generating electronically controllable color elements and a color display based on the method, comprising a light gate matrix (9), and a light source system with a set of primary color sources (6, 7, 8) for the primary colors (R, G, B), and control circuits (1 . . . 4) for controlling the transmission of light gates in the light gate matrix (9) for a level corresponding to the intensity of the respective primary color in the composite color spectrum of the displayed picture element. In accordance with the invention, the primary color is generated by pulsing the primary color sources and using only one light gate per picture element for controlling the primary color intensities at the picture element. The present invention facilitates, among other things, perfect color convergence, improved light transmission efficiency, and simpler production technology for transmission type color displays, due to single light gate construction of the controlled light gate matrix (FIGS.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for joining together building units, comprising a lock housing (2) positioned in one building unit; a peg (3) provided in the other building unit so as to be inserted in the lock housing and the end of which is provided with a flange (8); and a means for locking the peg (3) in the lock housing in the longitudinal direction thereof. In order that the peg could not move in the sideward direction thereof with respect to the lock housing, prior devices comprise a second flange attached to the peg adjacent to an inlet (9) of the lock housing. This second flange can be omitted, if the inner surface of the lock housing (2) is cup-shaped and the diameter thereof corresponds to the diameter of the flange (8) of the peg.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for joining together building units, comprising a lock housing (2) positioned in one building unit; a peg (3) projecting from the other building unit; and a locking means (7) by means of which the peg is locked in the lock housing and which comprises two branches (10, 11). After having passed the peg, the branches are turned towards each other by means of a guide surface (12) provided in the lock housing (2). In prior devices the locking means (7) has to be very strong because the contact surface between it and the flange of the peg is small. A large contact surface can be provided between the locking means and the flange of the peg by forming the guide surface into a continuous arched surface (12) which bends the branches sharply towards each other.

Abstract: A method for fabricating concrete structural elements is shown. According to the method, a structural element, such as a sheet of insulating material reinforced with concrete, is vertically oriented and coated with fresh concrete sprayed by a shotcrete gun. This coating is then smoothed and shaped as required by the given application. The method does not require the use of moulds to cast the structural element, whose surface is therefore visible at all times during the course of manufacture. This allows for the repair of imperfections before the concrete has hardened.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of novel isocyanurate modified polyurethane foams, which process is characterized in that an organic polyisocyanate is reacted with a polyol in the presence of a catalyst system and a blowing agent, eventually in the presence of a filler material and/or an emulsifying agent, wherein said polyol contains 5 to 100% by weight of an oil, resin or a mixture of resins originating from soft wood and/or a chemically modified resin or oil, and wherein said polyol contains in its molecular structures hydroxl groups capable of reacting with isocyanate groups, and the catalyst system contains 5 to 95% by weight of trimerization catalyst of the polyisocyanate, which catalyst causes cross-linked polyisocyanurate structures containing isocyanurate rings to be formed from the polyisocyanate in the polymer structure, and to novel isocyanurate modified polyurethane foams prepared by the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for joining together building units, comprising a lock housing (2) positioned in one building unit; a peg (3) positioned in the other building unit and arranged to be inserted into the lock housing, the end of the peg being provided with a flange (8); and a means for locking the peg (3) in the lock housing in the longitudinal direction thereof. In order to prevent the sideward movement of the peg with respect to the lock housing, prior devices comprise a second ring flange attached to the peg at an inlet (9) of the lock housing. The second flange can be omitted, if the bottom plate (1) of the other unit is bent into a collar (10) which surrounds the peg (3) and is attached thereto.

Abstract: In the present publication a method is described for encapsulating of components (3), in particular of semiconductor components, mounted on a carrier tape (6) by means of a polymer in order to prevent access of moisture into the component (3). According to the invention a polymer film (24, 25) is pressed onto the support area (2) of each component (3) from both sides of the carrier tape (6), and the carrier tape (6) treated in this way is subjected to warm-air blasting (14). Thereupon, an encapsulating tape (9) that has been moistened with polymer (13) and subjected to a warm-air treatment (15) is connected to one side of the carrier tape (6), and the combination tape (6, 9) in this way obtained is heated in a pre-heating oven (16).

Abstract: The present publication describes a plate-shaped display structure, in particular an electroluminescent display structure. The structure comprises a frame, e.g. a rack-like frame, a printed-circuit plate fitted to and supported on the frame, wherein the printed-circuit plate is provided with first contact areas a display plate, preferably made of glass, which is fitted onto the printed-circuit plate at a distance from the latter and which is provided with second contact areas, a fastening structure for attaching the display plate and the printed-circuit plate to each other, and connecting conductors, which interconnect the first and the second contact areas. According to the invention, the fastening structure comprises a so-called two-sided resilient tape, provided intermediate the printed-circuit plate and the display plate to cause those two plates to adhere to each other, and the display plate and the frame are dimensioned in such a way that they do not reach contact with each other.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electroluminescence structure comprising, in sandwich arrangement, a transparent substrate made of, e.g., glass, a first transparent electrode layer, a luminescence layer, a number of second transparant electrode layers disposed at least partially on the luminescence layer, and a black layer arranged in contact with the luminescence layer and the second electrode layer. The black layer covers the second electrode layer and is in contact with the luminescence layer outside of said second electrode layers. The black layer consists of an insulating layer and a wiring disposed on said insulating layer. Openings reaching the second elctrode layer are defined in the insulating layer opposite said second electrode layers such that the wiring can make electrical contact with the second electrode layers through the openings.

Abstract: Described herein is a combination film based on aluminium oxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) and titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2), to be used in particular in the thin film electroluminescent structures. Aluminum oxide is an amorphous insulator having a low refraction index, whereas titanium oxide is a chrystalline conductor having a high refraction index. The combination film according to the invention comprises a plurality of alternating aluminium oxide and titanium oxide layers having a thickness of 3 to 1000 .ANG.. preferably 5 to 250 .ANG.. Such a combination film has favorable dielectric strength and refraction index properties and is particularly adapted for use in electroluminescence structures.

Abstract: In the present application, an electroluminescence structure is described which comprises, among other things, a first electrode layer (2) prepared by means of the thin film technique, and a second electrode layer (7, 7') prepared by means of a thick film technique, as well as a luminescence layer (4) disposed between the electrode layers. The use of a thick film directly as the electrode of a thin film structure causes problems resulting from inhomogeneous contact of the thick film material. According to the invention, these problems have been solved so that between the second electrode layer (7, 7') and the luminescence layer (4), a very thin additional layer (6) of resistive material is disposed which is bounded by the second electrode layer (7, 7') and which forms a spreading resistance for the point contacts of the conductive particles in the second electrode layer (7, 7'). In this resistance the inhomogeneous current density is homogenized before reaching the luminescence layer (4).

Abstract: Described herein is a thin film electroluminescence structure comprising a substrate layer (1), a first electrode layer (2), a second electrode layer (10) disposed at a distance from the first electrode layer (2), and a luminescence layer (6) disposed between the first (2) and the second electrode layer (10). Additional layer structures (3 to 5, 7 to 9) are disposed between the electrode layers (2 and 10) and the luminescence layer (6), said structures having current limiting and chemically protecting functions. The invention is based on the idea that it is possible to separate the functions of a chemical barrier and a current limitation from each other, whereby the production of the chemical protection in itself takes place without voltage losses, in other words, with a material whose electrical conductivity is essentially higher than the electrical conductivity of the current limiter.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electroluminescence display component comprising, in sandwich arrangement, a transparent substrate made of, e.g., glass and two thin film structures, each comprising two electrode layers and a luminescence layer disposed between said electrode layers. A light filter layer is disposed between the different thin film structures for realizing a double color display. The light filter layer can be an integral layer made of homogeneous material or a sandwich structure comprising, e.g., two epoxy layers functioning as adhesive layers and a colored tape or similar element disposed between said epoxy layers.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for performing growth of compound thin films by alternately repeating separate surface reactions of the substances comprising the compound. A carrier gas affects a diffusion barrier between the surface reaction steps to be separated from each other. The gas phase diffusion barrier is also applied to separate the source regions of different reacting vapors both from each other and from the surface reaction zone.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for making electrically conductive penetrations into thin films and equivalent. The penetrations reach from the outside surface of the thin films to be grown by means of depostion as layers at a temperature of 200.degree. to 700.degree. C. to an interior electrode layer. According to the method a desired quantity of a metallic substance whose melting point is lower and boiling point higher than the growing temperature of the thin film layers is placed on the interior electrode layer within each desired penetration area before the preparation of the following layer. Hereby the metallic substance, when being molten, prevents the formation of layers in the area above itself and, when hardening, forms the desired electrically conductive penetrations.

Abstract: The invention relates to an extension joint for concrete poles of the type in which at least one pin in a first pole penetrates into a recess in a second pole. The end of the pin is provided with a shoulder and is locked in the second pole by means of a wedge having shanks each engaging one side of the pin. The wedge is locked in its driven-in position while being driven in by the bending of the shanks towards each other after they have passed the pin. The wedge and the free end of the pin are covered by a channel member or furrow, whose side walls have portions bent inwards and guiding the shanks when the wedge is being driven in.