Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for scanning and detecting defects in sewer and similar pipelines that eliminate the need to stop and pan-and-tilt areas of concern. In the method of the invention, a pipeline (15) inspection probe (10) of the apparatus of the invention comprising a CCD camera (14) with fish-eye lens (12) travels through the pipeline (15) on a self-propelled tractor automatically collecting data and transmitting it to a computer to provide a real-time display of the pipeline (15) interior with quasi three-dimensional information for effective and quick data analysis and management. The data includes digitized forward views and unfolded 360 degree laid-flat side-san (22) views of the pipeline (15) interior. Additionally, the digitized data may be stored for further analysis, tabulation, and for use with pipeline infrastructure maintenance software.

Abstract: An emitter for a system of electromagnetic tomographic measurements, as well as a process and a generator (5) adapted to produce a variable frequency current supplying a solenoid (1), constituted of turns wound about a magnetic core (3). The solenoid (1) is constituted by several windings (4a, 4b, 4c) disposed side by side with each other on the core (3), and the emitter comprises switching means (6) adapted to connect in series or in parallel and/or to disconnect the different windings (4a, 4b, 4c) with and from each other, constituting the solenoid (1), so as to control the number of active turns of the solenoid (1).

Abstract: aN emitter for a system of electromagnetic tomographic measurement, as well as a process and a generator (5) adapted to produce a variable frequency current supplying a solenoid (1), constituted of turns wound about a magnetic core (3). The solenoid (1) is constituted by several windings (4a, 4b, 4c) disposed side by side with each other on the core (3), and the emitter comprises switching means (6) adapted to connect in series or in parallel and/or to disconnect the different windings (4a, 4b, 4c) with and from each other, constituting the solenoid (1), so as to control the number of active turns of the solenoid (1).

Abstract: In a bore holes, a plurality of resilient members and plates are piled up alternately to form a laminate, and a deadweight is dropped onto the laminate. The resilient members are deformed due to the impact force of the dropped deadweight to cause bore hole water among the plates to be forced out in the outward direction, and elastic waves to occur in the bore hole wall.

Abstract: In a bore holes, a plurality of resilient members and plates are piled up alternately to form a laminate, and a deadweight is dropped onto the laminate. The resilient members are deformed due to the impact force of the dropped deadweight to cause bore hole water among the plates to be forced out in the outward direction, and elastic waves to occur in the bore hole wall.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of making a splice in a geophone cable for providing a weatherproof cable splice with maximum cable break strength. The ends of each of the cables are soldered to a printed circuit board to provided the necessary cable strength. The printed circuit board is covered by a silicone rubber boot which sealingly engages the ends of each of the cables on either side of the printed circuit board to insure moisture protection.

Abstract: The method of detecting vibrations comprises establishing a magnetic circuit with magnetic flux producing means and at least one airgap. Elastically supporting an annular non-magnetic conductor within the airgap. Fixedly supporting an annular coil in the airgap without there being relative movement between the coil means and the airgap, so that an electric signal becomes induced in the coil means in response to relative movement between the annular conductor and the airgap.The vibration transducer comprises a magnetic circuit having magnetic flux producing means and at least one airgap. An annular non-magnetic conductor is elastically supported within the airgap. An annular coil means is fixedly supported in the airgap without there being relative movement between the coil means and the airgap, so that an electric signal becomes induced in the coil means in response to relative movement between the annular conductor and the airgap.

Abstract: This invention includes a seismic detector located in the bottom portion of a casing. The upper portion of said casing contains a printed circuit disc. The printed circuit disc is provided to serve as a junction between the conductor wires of the geophone leader cable and the geophone's terminals, and to anchor the geophone leader cable to the geophone casing.

Abstract: The geophone transducer comprises in combination: a geophone capable of detecting horizontal seismic waves, and a rigid casing having a gimbal chamber. A gimbal is provided inside the chamber on which the geophone is mounted for limited free angular movement in one direction only. The gimbal includes in one preferred embodiment a viscous liquid in which the geophone is only partially submerged while it is supported by a U-shaped bracket which is mounted for rotation about a fixed axis.

Abstract: An exciting method for a logging by means of S wave is provided which includes inserting a wave source into a bore hole containing water and actuating an operating mechanism in the wave source to impart an exciting force to the bore hole wall in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the bore hole, so as to generate the S wave having characteristics of predominant radiation in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the exciting force. The improvement of the invention comprises abruptly ejecting the water at one side of the wave source intersecting the extension of the axis of the exciting force, while, simultaneously at the opposite side of the wave source, abruptly sucking the water of equivalent volume to that ejected at the first mentioned side, whereby a positive and negative pressure change are indirectly applied through the medium of the water to the two respective sides of the bore hole wall intersecting the extension of the exciting force axis.