Abstract: Vaccines and methods are for immunization against Coxiella burnetii infections and Q fever. The vaccine can be for protection against a Coxiella burnetii infection, or treating or preventing at least one symptom of Q fever. The vaccine includes a delipidated C. burnetii polysaccharide derived from a cell wall lipopolysaccharide of C. burnetii. The vaccine can also be a conjugate vaccine for protection against a Coxiella burnetii infection, or treating or preventing at least one symptom of Q fever. The conjugate vaccine includes a delipidated C. burnetii polysaccharide derived from a cell wall lipopolysaccharide of C. burnetii linked to an immunogenic carrier.