Abstract: Safety element intended to assure in time the electric reliability of pulse transmitting leads, comprised in apparatus for the electric stimulation of the heart (pacemaker) and consisting of a main metallic coil of tubular structure delimiting an inner bore, covered by an insulating sheath, which safety element comprises a flexible lead formed by one or more wires coiled in tight turns or intertwined and provided with a rounded head for making it easier the introduction of the safety element in the bore of the main metal coil of the pulse transmitting lead.

Abstract: Improvement in pacemakers for a quick and safe replacement thereof without interrupting the electric stimulation of the patient's heart from the outside, wherein the contact pin of the electro-de-catheter inserted in the pacemaker is accessible from the outside, and related tool to be utilized therewith by which tool the contact pin can be pushed out of the pacemaker; the tool is provided with contact means to the electrode catheter which means make it possible the uninterrupted electric stimulation of the heart during the whole replacement operation of the pacemaker.

Abstract: Equipment with an incorporated cardiac radio-frequency receiver (CPR) for temporary heart stimulation from the outside in case of open-heart operation, suitable to be left insitu to provide permanent stimulation if subsequently necessary. The equipment is formed of an electrode with epi-cardial stimulation tip, and a quick jack-type connection emerging from said cardiac radio-frequency receiver and suitable to rapidly and easily connect a permanent pacemaker.