Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for quantifying entities, comprising the steps of(a) mixing an effective detection amount of a (proto-) porphyrin represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 independently represents a radical selected from the group consisting of --CH(OH)--CH.sub.3, --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.3, --H, --COCH.sub.3, --CHO, --CH(OH)--CH.sub.2 OH, and --CH.dbd.CHO.sub.2 H;R.sup.2 independently is selected from C.sub.1-3 alkyl, and preferably is methyl,R.sup.3 independently represents an aryl or aralkyl group, and preferably is phenyl; andM is a metal selected from Fe, Co, Ga, Sn, Zn, Cr, Mg, Ni, Ge, and Cu,with a sample suspected to contain entities to be detected;(b) collecting the (proto)porphyrin containing complexes formed; and(c) detecting and quantifying the collected complexes.Further, the invention relates to a chemiluminescent composition comprising a compound defined in formula I.

Abstract: A scintillation counting system utilizing scintillator capsules for the detection of radioactive substances in a sample for analysis include a liquid scintillator core encapsulated within a shell. The liquid scintillator comprises a base component or components and one or more fluors. The base component preferably includes one or more aromatic solvents. The fluors useful in the liquid or gel scintillator include any of the organic fluors well-known in the scintillation counting art. The liquid or gel scintillator can also include a wavelength shifter (i.e. secondary fluors). Useful wavelength shifters are also well known in the scintillation counting art. Additionally, a other materials can be added to the scintillator capsules to modify the characteristics of the scintillator capsules, and the scintillator capsules can be used in a variety of scintillation counting applications.

Abstract: An adhesive plastic scintillator which can be attached onto a solid support medium such as a microtiter plate, either by melting it in and/or on a solid support medium because the plastic scintillator is capable of being changed between solid and liquid phases, whichever is desired, by temperature control, or by deposition from a solution of said adhesive plastic scintillator. The plastic scintillator is for analyzing radioactive samples and comprises fluorescent substances and optionally energy transfer compounds for converting radiation energy into light energy. The plastic scintillator remains transparent upon transition from the liquid to the solid state, and upon the same transition adheres to the solid support medium.

Abstract: A liquid scintillation medium for homogeneous flow systems which comprises solvent, fluor and optionally surfactant, wherein the solvent comprises benzyltoluene. The solvent may comprise the positional isomers of benzyltoluene, and other solvents such as diphenylethane. This new solvent system for use in flow-through scintillation counting is characterized by low viscosity, high flash point and low vapour pressure.

Abstract: The present invention is a scintillator which emits light in response to radiation. The scintillator is capable of being reversibly changed between solid and liquid phases, whichever is desired, by temperature control. The scintillator comprises a fluorescent substance for converting radiation energy into light energy; a solvent which transfers radiation energy to the fluorescent substance and dissolves and diffuses the fluorescent substance and a radioactive substance acting as an object of measurement to thereby homogenize them; and a fixing substance which enables the solvent, the fluorescent substance and the radioactive substance to be fixed in a solid state and also liquified upon heating, the fixing substance being capable of phase change reversibility.

Abstract: The present invention is a scintillator which emits light in response to radiation. The scintillator is capable of being reversibly changed between solid and liquid phases, whichever is desired, by temperature control. The scintillator comprises a fluorescent substance for converting radiation energy into light energy; a solvent which transfers radiation energy to the fluorescent substance and dissolves and diffuses the fluorescent substance and a radioactive substance acting as an object of measurement to thereby homogenize them; and a fixing substance which enables the solvent, the fluorescent substance and the radioactive substance to be fixed in a solid state and also liquified upon heating, the fixing substance being capable of phase change reversibility.

Abstract: This invention relates to an adsorption material for olefins, a gas chromatography column and a method for removing olefins from a mixture with saturated hydrocarbons by gas chromatography. The adsorption material according to the invention is a thermostable, macroporous resin having strongly acid ion exchange groups to which silver ions are linked. The resin has an average pore diameter of 10-100 nm, an internal surface area of 10-100 m.sup.2 /g and 5-15% cross-linking.

Abstract: A liquid, homogeneous mixture for use in the LSC (Liquid Scintillation Counting) analysis technique, comprising a scintillation liquid, a scintillator and a surfactant, wherein the surfactant includes one or more phosphoric acid esters having formula 1 and/or formula 2 of the sheet of formulae, in which R', R" and R'" represent an organic group, which phosphor acid esters are neutralized to a pH, at which the neutralization product comprises a mono- and/or diphosphate with an alkaline material having a pK.sub.a of at least 5, and in which of the organic phosphoric acid esters having formula 1, R" and R'" may be the same or different.