Abstract: The instant invention relates to a solid product comprising a liquid biologically active agent which is intimately associated to a stabilizing agent; particularly a solid product that can be reconstituted to a clear, stable, stabilized nanodispersion or loaded micelles comprising a polymer as a stabilizing agent and a liquid, preferably water immiscible, biologically active agent. The instant invention is further directed toward a process for the production of the above solid product; particularly to micelles or nanodispersions produced by hydration of a cake or powder of the solid product, produced via an effective treatment of a stabilized solution comprising for example a polymer as a stabilizing agent, such as an amphiphilic block copolymer or a small molecular weight surfactant, loaded with a liquid biologically active agent, such as propofol, an optional additive, and a suitable solvent.

Abstract: Novel oligonucleotide pairs which can form a duplex comprising one or more DNA-like nucleotides (e.g., 2?-substituted arabinonucleotides (ANA)); in combination with one or more RNA-like nucleotides (e.g., 2?-substituted ribonucleotides (RNA) and/or locked nucleic acid nucleotides (LNA)), are disclosed. The use of such oligonucleotide duplexes, such as for silencing the expression of a nucleic acid or gene of interest using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technologies, is also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel oligonucleotide pairs which can form a duplex comprising one or more DNA-like nucleotides (e.g., 2?-sub-stituted arabinonucleotides (ANA)); in combination with one or more RNA-like nucleotides (e.g., 2?-substituted ribonucleotides (RNA) and/or locked nucleic acid nucleotides (LNA)), are disclosed. The use of such oligonucleotide duplexes, such as for silencing the expression of a nucleic acid or gene of interest using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technologies, is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a misuse preventative, controlled release composition in the form of a multilayered oral dosage form. A first layer contains a plurality of controlled release microparticles having a pharmaceutically active agent (for example, an opioid analgesic) disposed therein. A second layer comprises a pharmaceutically active agent that can be the same or different from the pharmaceutically active agent in the microparticles. The composition further comprises a superabsorbent material disposed within the first layer, the second layer, or both the first layer and the second layer. When crushed, either intentionally or accidentally, and exposed to an aqueous medium, the superabsorbent material swells to encapsulate the microparticles, which remain substantially intact thereby retarding the release of the pharmaceutically active agent from the composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a misuse preventative, controlled release composition in the form of a multilayered oral dosage form. A first layer contains a plurality of controlled release microparticles having a pharmaceutically active agent (for example, an opioid analgesic) disposed therein. A second layer comprises a superabsorbent material. When crushed, either intentionally or accidentally, and exposed to an aqueous medium, the superabsorbent material creates a hard gel that traps the microparticles. The hard gel and microparticles provide controlled release of the pharmaceutically active agent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a misuse preventative, controlled release formulation comprising a core comprising a first layer and a second layer. The core comprises a superabsorbent material (for example, polycarbophil), and a plurality of controlled release microparticles having a pharmaceutically active agent (for example, an opioid analgesic) disposed within the core. When crushed, either intentionally or accidentally, and exposed to an aqueous medium, the superabsorbent material present in the core swells to create a hard gel that traps the microparticles. The hard gel and microparticles provide controlled release of the pharmaceutically active agent. Also disclosed is a method of using the misuse preventative, controlled release formulation to deliver a pharmaceutically active agent to a mammal, for example, a human, in need thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a misuse preventative, controlled release formulation comprising a core comprising a superabsorbent material (for example, polycarbophil), a controlled release coat surrounding the core, and a plurality of controlled release microparticles having a pharmaceutically active agent (for example, an opioid analgesic) disposed within the core, the coat, or both the core and the coat. When crushed, either intentionally or accidentally, and exposed to an aqueous medium, the superabsorbent material present in the coreswells to encapsulate the microparticles, which remain substantially intact thereby retarding the release of the pharmaceutically active agent from the formulation. Also disclosed is a method of using the misuse preventative, controlled release formulation to deliver a pharmaceutically active agent to a mammal, for example, a human, in need thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bilayer composition for the delivery of acetaminophen and tramadol over at least a twelve hour period following initial administration. A single administration of the bilayer composition can provide analgesia starting in less than half an hour to about one hour after initial administration with a duration of at least twelve hours after initial administration.

Abstract: The invention provides starch-based microparticles with high loading capacity for the stabilization and/or controlled release of one or more agents, for example, a pharmaceutical, a taste masking agent, a flavoring agent, or a combination thereof, disposed within the microparticles, and to methods of making and using such microparticles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a misuse preventative, controlled release formulation comprising a core comprising a superabsorbent material (for example, polycarbophil), a controlled release coat surrounding the core, and a plurality of controlled release microparticles having a pharmaceutically active agent (for example, an opioid analgesic) disposed within the core, the coat, or both the core and the coat. When crushed, either intentionally or accidentally, and exposed to an aqueous medium, the superabsorbent material present in the coreswells to encapsulate the microparticles, which remain substantially intact thereby retarding the release of the pharmaceutically active agent from the formulation. Also disclosed is a method of using the misuse preventative, controlled release formulation to deliver a pharmaceutically active agent to a mammal, for example, a human, in need thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a misuse preventative, controlled release formulation comprising a core comprising a superabsorbent material (for example, polycarbophil), a controlled release coat surrounding the core, and a plurality of controlled release microparticles having a pharmaceutically active agent (for example, an opioid analgesic) disposed within the core, the coat, or both the core and the coat. When crushed, either intentionally or accidentally, and exposed to an aqueous medium, the superabsorbent material present in the core swells to encapsulate the microparticles, which remain substantially intact thereby retarding the release of the pharmaceutically active agent from the formulation. Also disclosed is a method of using the misuse preventative, controlled release formulation to deliver a pharmaceutically active agent to a mammal, for example, a human, in need thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a misuse preventative, controlled release composition in the form of a multilayered oral dosage form. A first layer contains a plurality of controlled release microparticles having a pharmaceutically active agent (for example, an opioid analgesic) disposed therein. A second layer comprises a pharmaceutically active agent that can be the same or different from the pharmaceutically active agent in the microparticles. The composition further comprises a superabsorbent material disposed within the first layer, the second layer, or both the first layer and the second layer. When crushed, either intentionally or accidentally, and exposed to an aqueous medium, the superabsorbent material swells to encapsulate the microparticles, which remain substantially intact thereby retarding the release of the pharmaceutically active agent from the composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a misuse preventative, controlled release formulation comprising a core comprising a superabsorbent material (for example, polycarbophil), a controlled release coat surrounding the core, and a plurality of controlled release microparticles having a pharmaceutically active agent (for example, an opioid analgesic) disposed within the core, the coat, or both the core and the coat. When crushed, either intentionally or accidentally, and exposed to an aqueous medium, the superabsorbent material present in the core swells to encapsulate the microparticles, which remain substantially intact thereby retarding the release of the pharmaceutically active agent from the formulation. Also disclosed is a method of using the misuse preventative, controlled release formulation to deliver a pharmaceutically active agent to a mammal, for example, a human, in need thereof.

Abstract: A solid dosage formulation having a core with a pharmacological agent dispersed in a first controlled-release matrix from which release of the agent is relatively slow; and a coat formed over the core and having the agent dispersed in a second controlled-release matrix from which release of the agent is relatively fast. The first matrix can be a cross-linked high amylose starch and the second matrix can be a mixture of polyvinyl acetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: Disclosed is a misuse preventative, controlled release composition in the form of a multilayered oral dosage form. A first layer contains a plurality of controlled release microparticles having a pharmaceutically active agent (for example, an opioid analgesic) disposed therein. The second layer, which can be adjacent the first layer comprises a pharmaceutically active agent that can be the same or different from the pharmaceutically active agent in the microparticles in the first layer. The composition further comprises a superabsorbent material (for example, polycarbophil) disposed within the first layer, the second layer, or both the first layer and the second layer. When intact, the pharmaceutically active agent is released from the second layer faster than the pharmaceutically active agent in the first layer.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel narcotic formulations having a decreased injection abuse potential In a representative embodiment, the formulation comprises methadone hydrochloride (6-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one, a synthetic opiod), meglumine, cellulose, lactose, and magnesium stearate The application further illustrates methods for making the contemplated formulations.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are the nucleotide sequences, deduced amino acid sequences as well as methods and compositions necessary to elicit immune responses against chronic Hepatitis B infections in animals and humans. Immune response is enhanced by fusing relevant viral antigens with xenotypic immunoglobulin heavy chain region through a peptide linker and producing the fusion proteins in Baculovirus expression system to incorporate high mannose glycosylation. By virtue of the antibody component, the fusion proteins bind to Fc receptors on the surface of antigen presenting cells, are taken up, processed and derived peptides are presented on MHC Class I, which elicit a CTL (Th1) response. In a similar fashion, due to cross priming and presentation on MHC Class II, will elicit a humoral (Th2) response. In addition, disclosed are the methods of cloning, expression and production of the fusion proteins.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for eliciting immune responses against antigens. In particular embodiments, the compounds and methods elicit immune responses against antigens that are otherwise recognized by the host as “self” antigens. The immune response is enhanced by presenting the host immune system with a chimeric antigen comprising an immune response domain and a target binding domain, wherein the target binding domain comprises a xenotypic antibody fragment. By virtue of the target binding domain, antigen presenting cells take up, process, and present the chimeric antigen, eliciting both a humoral and cellular immune response.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for eliciting immune responses against antigens. In particular, the compounds and methods elicit immune responses against foreign antigens that are otherwise recognized by the host as “self” antigens, thus breaking host tolerance to those antigens. Presenting the host immune system with a chimeric antigen comprising an immune response domain and a target binding domain, wherein the target binding domain comprises an antibody fragment, enhances the immune response against the foreign or tolerated antigen. Antigen presenting cells take up, process, and present the chimeric antigen, eliciting both a humoral and cellular immune response against the desired antigen.