Abstract: A method of distributing intention signaling messages for a vehicle. The vehicle having a plurality of directional radio antennas oriented to transmit radio signals in predetermined and distinct directions. Responsive to the intended change in the vehicle motion, at least one of a plurality of directional radio antennas is selected. The selected directional radio antenna facing in the direction of surrounding traffic which would be affected by the intended change in motion is selected. An intention signaling message is formed and transmitted. The intention signaling message corresponds to the intended change in the vehicle motion by means of the selected directional radio antenna.

Abstract: A power system for a stationary installation comprising a battery pack, a system component, and a system control unit. The batter pack has a plurality of removable battery modules. Each battery module has an internally controllable connection to a common power bus. The system component is controlled by a power controller unit having a connection to the common power bus. The system control unit is in communication with each of the battery modules and the power controller unit. The system control unit receives control inputs from an operator of the power system. The operator may be a human operator, an electronic operator unit, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A power system for a vehicle or a stationary installation and a method of operating a battery module. The power system includes an electronic operator unit, a power control unit, a system control unit, and a battery pack. The power control unit is coupled to a system component and has a predetermined power demand. The system control unit generates a power system data map and is communicatively coupled to a pack communications bus, the electronic operator unit, and the power control unit. The battery pack has a plurality of sockets. The power bus is coupled to the plurality of sockets and to the power control unit. The power bus includes a negative power bus and a positive power bus.

Abstract: A battery module is disclosed having a plurality of series-connected battery cells contained in, and electrically isolated from, an enclosure, with a first internal relay to control connection between cells and a positive terminal, and a second internal relay to control the connection between cells and a negative terminal. A control signal input is provided to control the relays. An embodiment is disclosed wherein the relays are of distinct types. An embodiment is disclosed having an internal battery management system which controls the relays in response to a digital message. A modular battery pack is disclosed consisting of a plurality of modules connected in parallel, which can be individually and independently activated and deactivated. A method is provided for activating an individual module.

Abstract: A battery module is disclosed having a plurality of series-connected battery cells contained in, and electrically isolated from, an enclosure, with a first internal relay to control connection between cells and a positive terminal, and a second internal relay to control the connection between cells and a negative terminal. A control signal input is provided to control the relays. An embodiment is disclosed having an internal battery management system which controls the relays in response to a digital message. A modular battery pack is disclosed consisting of a plurality of modules connected in parallel, which can be individually and independently activated and deactivated. A method is provided for activating an individual module.