Abstract: Molecular beacons and developmental methods related thereto. Methods include obtaining a nucleotide sequence for an aptamer that binds to a target analyte. The aptamer comprises a binding domain nucleotide sequence, a first domain nucleotide sequence, and a displacement domain nucleotide sequence complementary to the first domain nucleotide sequence. A molecular beacon is developed based on the nucleotide sequence of the aptamer by preserving the binding domain nucleotide sequence and truncating or extending one or both of the first domain nucleotide sequence or the displacement domain nucleotide sequence. The resultant molecular beacon is developed such that the molecular beacon comprises a Gibbs free energy value that is greater than the Gibbs free energy value of the aptamer.

Abstract: A method for producing a homogenous molten composition and a fluid product is disclosed. For example, the method includes producing a first molten metal composition in an enclosed volume, contacting a hydrocarbon reactant with the first molten metal composition, decomposing the hydrocarbon reactant into at least one fluid product and carbon, forming a metal alloy from a mixture of the carbon and the first molten metal composition, and separating a homogenous second molten composition from the metal alloy.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure is directed to a method of additive manufacturing. The method comprises: i) forming a first layer, the first layer comprising at least one material chosen from an article material, a support structure material and a fracturable material; ii) forming an additional layer on the first layer, the additional layer comprising at least one material chosen from the article material, the support structure material and the fracturable material; and iii) repeating ii) one or more times to form a three-dimensional build comprising an article and at least one support structure attached to the article at an interface, the interface comprising the fracturable material formed during one or more of i), ii) or iii), the fracturable material being formed by exposing a print material with a gas reactant. A three-dimensional build is also disclosed.

Abstract: Additive manufacturing devices and methods for the same are provided. The additive manufacturing device may include a stage configured to support a substrate, a printhead disposed above the stage, and a targeted heating system disposed proximal the printhead. The printhead may be configured to heat a build material to a molten build material and deposit the molten build material on the substrate in the form of droplets to fabricate the article. The targeted heating system may be configured to control a temperature or temperature gradient of the droplets deposited on the substrate, an area proximal the substrate, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing a homogenous molten composition and a fluid product is disclosed. For example, the method includes producing a first molten metal composition in an enclosed volume, contacting a hydrocarbon reactant with the first molten metal composition, decomposing the hydrocarbon reactant into at least one fluid product and carbon, forming a metal alloy from a mixture of the carbon and the first molten metal composition, and separating a homogenous second molten composition from the metal alloy.

Abstract: Mass vaccination of one or more animals may be performed topically using viscosified fluids. Suitable viscosified fluids may comprise a viscosifying construct and a medicament admixed with an aqueous carrier fluid. The viscosifying construct comprises a polymer associated with a plurality of particles through an ionic interaction, covalent bonding, hydrogen bonding, or any combination thereof. The viscosified fluid may exhibit shear-thinning behavior and become sprayable once sheared. When applied to one or more animals and shear is no longer being applied, the viscosity may increase and the viscosifying construct may adhere the medicament upon a topical surface of the one or more animals.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide a parameter manager for determining system parameters. During operation, the parameter manager can determine a set of parameters for generating a distribution of feasible parameters needed for designing a system. The parameter manager can map, using a hybrid generator of an artificial intelligence (AI) model, input samples from a predetermined distribution to a set of parameters. The parameter manager can then generate, using the mapping, a set of parameter samples corresponding to the set of parameters from the predetermined distribution. The parameter manager can also generate, using a physical model of the system in the hybrid generator, a set of outputs of the system induced by the set of parameter samples. The parameter manager can iteratively update the hybrid generator until the set of outputs follow an expected output of the system, thereby ensuring feasibility for the set of parameter samples.

Abstract: A sensor system includes a sensor configured to measure a parameter. The sensor system also includes a memory configured to record one or more occurrences when the parameter is outside of a predetermined range. The memory includes a wire, a counter-electrode, and an electrolyte.

Abstract: A device includes a first stage having a first optical switch, a first transistor connected to the first optical switch, and a second transistor connected to the first optical switch and the first transistor. The device also includes a second stage having a second optical switch, a third transistor connected to the second transistor and the second optical switch, and a fourth transistor connected to the second transistor, the second optical switch, and the third transistor.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems of controlling the placement of micro-objects on the surface of a micro-assembler. Control patterns may be used to cause electrodes of the micro-assembler to generate dielectrophoretic (DEP) and electrophoretic (EP) forces which may be used to manipulate, move, position, or orient one or more micro-objects on the surface of the micro-assembler. The control patterns may be part of a library of control patterns.

Abstract: Sensors for detecting a formaldehyde-containing gas may include a first electrode and a second electrode; and an arylphosphine nanomaterial construct disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the arylphosphine nanomaterial construct including single-walled carbon nanotubes; and an arylphosphine including at least one aryl group. Methods for detecting formaldehyde include exposing a sensor to a formaldehyde-containing gas, the sensor including a first electrode and a second electrode; and an arylphosphine nanomaterial construct disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the arylphosphine nanomaterial construct including single-walled carbon nanotubes; and an arylphosphine containing at least one aryl group; monitoring a resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode; and determining a formaldehyde concentration from the resistance.

Abstract: A representation of an initial design domain, at least one subtractive tool assembly, machine degrees of freedom, and a termination criterion are used to iteratively generate intermediate part designs by redistributing the material within the design domain. A measure of inaccessibility of exteriors of the intermediate part designs by the at least one subtractive manufacturing tool assembly are generated. The measure of inaccessibility is used to inform generation of an intermediate part design at a next iteration. The iterative algorithm is terminated when the termination criterion is satisfied, the result of the iterative algorithm being a part design accessible for subtractive manufacturing.

Abstract: Systems and methods for constructing 3-dimensional (3D) parts are disclosed. A printing system may include a deposition system configured to print a plurality of 2-dimensional (2D) layers onto a plurality of carrier sheets. The printing system also includes a transferring system configured to transfer a 2D layer from a carrier sheet of the plurality of carrier sheets, onto the 3D part. The 3D part may be located on a base substrate. The printing system further includes a feed system configured to provide the plurality of carrier sheets from the deposition system to the transfer system in a successive fashion while maintaining the directionality of printing in the deposition and transferring systems.

Abstract: Disclosed herein in is a radiative cooling formulation including a first component with >55% reflectance in a wavelengths range of 0.3 to 2.5 microns, a second component with a first thermal emissivity peak value greater than 0.85 at a first wavelength in a range of 8 to 13 microns (?m), and a third component to mechanically bind together a mixture of the first component and second component.

Abstract: An apparatus has a chassis having a base. A first wall extends substantially perpendicularly from the base at a first edge of the base. The first wall is configured to be a first attachment point for an optical cable comprising one or more optical sensors. An opposing second wall extends substantially perpendicularly from the base at a second edge of the base. A mobile attachment point is configured to be a second attachment point for the optical cable. A spring is coupled to the second wall and the mobile attachment point. The spring is configured to provide a specified force as the mobile attachment point moves.

Abstract: A system for predicting remaining useful life of a component implements a set of estimation models that generate future damage estimates for the component. The system detects damage to the component and estimates the magnitude of the current damaged. An error processor estimates the between each future damage estimate and the magnitude of current damage. A weight calculator calculates weights for the future damage estimates, wherein each weight is inversely proportional to the error. A fusion processor applies the weights respectively to future damage estimates of the estimators and combines the weighted future damage estimates.

Abstract: Described are natural language web browsers configured to provide a natural language interface to an existing web browser or a newly created web browser. That is, users interact with the web browser employing speech (or text) as input and output instead of using a mouse and keyboard as input and an electronic display screen as output. Embodiments of a natural language web browser converts user questions, statements, and/or commands into actions, reads the resulting HTML and converts the HTML into natural language descriptions to provide to the user.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for entity tracking and identification is provided. A tracker associated with an entity is tracked. Communication is continuously attempted between the tracker and a tracking device associated with an individual in custody of the entity. During one of the attempted communications, an absence of the tracker is determined by identifying a time of the attempted communication and applying a time threshold to the time for the attempted communication. The absence of the tracker is identified when no communication has been established with the tracking device within the time threshold. The entity is classified as missing when the absence of the tracker is determined.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a representation of a near-net shape including a 3D part and a support volume. The method also includes calculating a measure of inaccessibility of the support volume by at least one subtractive tool assembly. The method also includes calculating a measure of change in a physical quantity of interest with respect to a change in the near-net shape. The method also includes constructing a physics-aware inaccessibility measure based at least partially upon the measure of inaccessibility, the measure of change, or both. The method also includes creating a plan to remove at least a portion of the support volume using the at least one subtractive tool assembly based at least partially upon the physics-aware inaccessibility measure.

Abstract: A test vessel includes one or more test locations configured to contain a medium suitable for culturing a live substance. A thermochromic material is thermally coupled to the one or more test locations. The thermochromic material is configured to exhibit a spectral shift in light emanating from the thermochromic material in response to an increase or decrease in energy conversion by the live substance that causes a change in temperature of the thermochromic material.