Abstract: A compute express link (CXL) fabric configured to connect a plurality of host servers and a plurality of devices to form a CXL network includes: one or more port-based routing (PBR) switches configured to connect the host servers, the devices, or other PBR switches to implement the CXL network; and a fabric manager configured to collectively manage the one or more PBR switches.

Abstract: An operating method of a compute express link (CXL) device according to an embodiment includes receiving an Ethernet frame including data including information on a user command from a host device, based on a CXL protocol. The operating method includes running a container using at least one of a first runtime software module and a second runtime software module to perform an operation corresponding to the user command.

Abstract: A first device communicating with a second device through a high-speed serial interface includes an interface controller configured to recover data received via the high-speed serial interface and a component configured to perform a selected operation based on the recovered data, the interface controller including a recovered clock domain circuit configured to operate based on a recovered clock corresponding to a data transmission rate of the high-speed serial interface and a local clock domain circuit configured to operate based on a local clock having a frequency adaptively controlled based on a frequency of the recovered clock.

Abstract: A data processing system configured to calculate a reference particle force according to embodiments, includes a plurality of memory devices configured to generate a plurality of first grid point information and calculate at least one of a plurality of proximity forces, a plurality of first network switches configured to generate the plurality of second grid point information and calculate a plurality of first grid forces, a second network switch configured to generate third grid point information and calculates a plurality of second grid forces, and a host device configured to receive the third grid point information and calculate the reference particle force.

Abstract: A system includes a host device, a memory expanding device, and a switch connecting the host device and the memory expansion device, wherein the host device includes a cache controller including a prefetch support circuit configured to generate prefetch information, a root complex configured to transmit the prefetch information to the memory expanding device and receive prefetch data from the memory expanding device, and one or more prefetch buffers storing the prefetch data, and the memory expanding device includes a memory device and a memory controller including a prefetch decision circuit configured to read the prefetch data from the memory device based on the prefetch information received from the host device and prefetch the prefetch data to the host device.

Abstract: A compute express link (CXL) fabric configured to connect a plurality of host servers and a plurality of devices to form a CXL network includes: one or more port-based routing (PBR) switches configured to connect the host servers, the devices, or other PBR switches to implement the CXL network; and a fabric manager configured to collectively manage the one or more PBR switches.