Abstract: The disclosed is a transparent conductive film that includes a matrix and carbon fibrous structures added to the matrix, wherein the carbon fibrous structures comprise carbon fibers, each having an outside diameter of 15-100 nm, and wherein the carbon fibrous structures each comprise a granular part at which two or more carbon fibers are bound to each other, and wherein the granular part is concurrently produced in a growth process for the carbon fibers. When the transparent conductive film is formed at a thickness of 0.1-5 ?m on a glass substrate, it shows a surface resistivity of not more than 1.0×1012?/?, and a total light transmittance of not less than 30%. A coating composition for the conductive transparent film is prepared by using a media mill equipped with beads having an average diameter of 0.05-1.5 mm to disperse the carbon fibrous structures into the liquid resinous composition.

Abstract: A new surface finishing process for stainless steel where beautiful, bright and milky white coloured surface is obtainable even for such grades as high carbon containing 13 chromium steel and high sulfur containing free cutting stainless steel is disclosed. After removing the surface scale, (1) immerse the stainless steel into the 1st treating solution containing nitric acid: 5–40 g/l, hydrofluoric acid: 2–10 g/l and Fe(III) ion: 15–40 g/l for 5–180 sec., then rinse in water, (2) and successesively immerse into the 2nd treating solution containing nitric acid: 120–250 g/l, Fe(III) ion: 15–40 g/l for 30–300 sec., then rinse in water.