Abstract: Methods, compounds and compositions are provided for inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microbes in vitro and of treatment of pathogenic bacterial infections, such as mycobacterial, Clostridium, Cryptosporidium and Helicobacter infections, in vivo using bicyclic nitroimidazole compounds of the formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, halogen, loweralkyl, haloloweralkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycle, substituted heterocycle and heterocyclicalkyl; X is oxygen, sulfur or NR.sub.2, where R.sub.2 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycle, substituted heterocycle, heterocyclicalkyl, COR.sub.3 or SO.sub.2 R.sub.4 CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, where R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently selected from hydrogen, loweralkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxyaryl, alloxyalkoxyaryl, alkylheterocycle, and alkoxyheterocycle; n is 1, 2 or 3; Y and Z are independently selected from oxygen, CH.sub.2, CO, CR.sub.4 R.sub.5 or NR.sub.4, where R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: An anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa agent which is substantially pure biologically active colistin, its component, a mixture thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof delivered as an aerosol or dry powder formulation. A formulation and method for preparation of substantially pure biologically active colistin, its components, mixtures thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. A method for treatment and prophylaxis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia or other susceptible pulmonary bacterial infections.

Abstract: The invention includes selective amplification methods for enriching target nucleic acid sequences that are present in a first source of nucleic acid but absent from a second source of nucleic acid. These methods involve using phenol to enhance the rate of the hybridization step, as well as modifications for reducing the amounts of reagents required for the reactions. Also included are methods for identifying sequences shared by two or more populations of nucleic acids.

Abstract: A method and device for the simultaneous production of chemical compounds in an array which is capable of providing a very broad range of reaction environments including reaction temperatures of -40.degree. C. to 150.degree. C., reflux condensation, and a selective gas environment. The invention also allows the addition of several reagents during the course of the production process. The device is comprised of a number of different block sections which are fastened together to provide the required reaction environment.

Abstract: The present invention provides specific genetic deletions that result in an avirulent phenotype of a mycobacterium. These deletions may be used as phenotypic markers of providing a means for distinguishing between disease-producing and non-disease producing mycobacteria.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of quantifying bacteria in vivo or in vitro using bacterial reporter strains. In particular this invention provides a method utilizing mycobacterial reporter strains that permits rapid screening for in vivo antimycobacterial activity of various compositions. In addition this invention provides for particular mycobacterial reporter strains expressing the FFlux gene at levels sufficiently high to allow detection in tissue homogenates without lysis or concentration of the bacteria.

Abstract: Methods, compounds and compositions are provided for inhibiting the growth of pathogenic mycobacteria in vitro and of treatment of pathogenic bacterial infections, such as mycobacterial and clostridium infections, in vivo using bicyclic nitroimidazole compounds of the formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, halogen, loweralkyl, haloloweralkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycle, substituted heterocycle and heterocyclicalkyl; X is oxygen, sulfur or NK.sub.2, where R.sub.2 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycle, substituted heterocycle, heterocyclicalkyl, COR.sub.3 or SO.sub.2 R.sub.4 CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, where R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently selected from hydrogen, loweralkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxyaryl, alkoxyalkoxyaryl, alkylheterocycle, and alkoxyheterocycle; n is 1, 2 or 3; Y and Z are independently selected CH.sub.2, CO, CR.sub.4 R.sub.5 or NR.sub.4, where R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: An aminoglycoside formulation for delivery by aerosolization. The concentrated aminoglycoside formulation containing an efficacious amount of aminoglycoside able to inhibit 95-100% of susceptible bacteria. Aminoglycoside formulated in 5 ml solution of a quarter normal saline having pH between 5.5 and 6.5. The method for treatment of endobronchial infections by a produced by a formulation delivered as an aerosol having mass medium average diameter predominantly between 1 to 5 .mu., produced by a jet or ultrasonic nebulizer.

Abstract: Methods, compounds and compositions are provided form inhibiting the growth of pathogenic mycobacteria in vitro and of treatment of pathogenic mycobacterial infections in vivo using indolo[2,1-b]quinazoline-6,12-dione compounds of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are independently selected from carbon and nitrogen, or A and B or C and D can be taken together to be nitrogen or sulfur, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The methods, compounds and compositons are particularly useful for inhibiting the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and may be used alone, or in combination with other anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis agents, such as isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, rifabutin, streptomycin and ciprofloxacin, to provide new agents for the treatment of tuberculosis, including multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB).

Abstract: Methods, compounds and compositions are provided for inhibiting the growth of mycobacteria and gram-positive organisms in vitro and of treatment of mycobacterial and gram-positive infections in vivo using compounds of the formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, halogen, amino or loweralkyl; and R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of --CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, --(CH.sub.2).sub.n- NR.sub.4 R.sub.5, --NHCO--NR.sub.4 R.sub.5 and --NHCO.sub.2 R.sub.4, wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are selected from hydrogen, loweralkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, arylalkylaryl, arylaryl, aryoxy, aryloxyaryl, aryloxyarylalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylalkoxyaryl, arylalkoxyarylalkyl, arylalkoxyaryl, alkenyl, alkynyl and heterocycle, or R.sub.4 and R.sub.