Abstract: A method is disclosed for converting seismic data obtained at known points to synthesized seismic traces obtainable at arbitrarily selected points. Two dimensional seismic data are converted to dense three dimensional data with the aid of a programmed computer to permit generation of arbitrary views of a particular geologic structure as well as a mathematical representation of the structure. The data is used to locate potential drilling and mining locations for drilling oil or other minerals. In order to provide accurate interpolation from the sparse two dimensional data, both apparent and true dip characteristics are obtained for the surveyed structure, and seismic trace data for a desired point are synthesized as a function of the dip of the surveyed structure. The dip characteristics are obtained from partial derivatives of the two dimensional data in specified coordinate directions. A three dimensional surface corresponding to the dip characteristics is obtained by a least squares fitting technique.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for converting seismic data obtained at known points to synthesized seismic traces obtainable at arbitrarily selected points. Two dimensional seismic data are converted to three dimensional data with the aid of a programmed computer to permit generation of arbitrary views of a particular geologic structure as well as a mathematical representation of the structure. In order to provide accurate interpolation from the known data, both apparent and true dip characteristics are obtained for the surveyed structure, and seismic trace data for a desired point are synthesized as a function of the dip of the surveyed structure. The dip characteristics are obtained from partial derivatives of the two dimensional data in specified coordinate directions. A three dimensional surface corresponding to the dip characteristics is obtained by a least squares fitting technique.

Abstract: Detergent compositions for use in cleaning automotive surfaces, particularly whitewall tires, vinyl tops, and upholstery fabric material, comprise a sequestering agent, a wetting agent, a surfactant, a penetrant, a foam booster, and optionaly a perfume and/or coloring agent in an aqueous carrier. The composition is preferably placed in brush top aerosol cans for use as a cleaner.

Abstract: A surface coating composition comprising an amino-functional silicone polymer, a metal chelated acrylic polymer a hydrocarbon solvent and water. The metal-chelated acrylic polymer preferably comprises zinc, and the composition may further comprise abrasive materials, surfactants, thickeners and stabilizers. The surface coating composition is particularly adapted for providing a glossy and durable finish on a surface.

Abstract: A cylindrical support and centering device for a sensitive viscometer comprises a hollow cylindrical support member open at opposite ends. The viscometer is supported on the upper end with its cylindrical pivot housing slip-fitted into the upper end in snug contact with an inner cylindrical surface of the support. The pivot housing either rests against an annular stop surface formed below the cylindrical surface or is supported by contact of the viscometer with the upper end. The lower end of the support is dimensioned to snugly engage the outer cylindrical surface of the stator so that the longitudinal axis of the stator is coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the rotor for precise centering.

Abstract: Middle phase emulsions are broken by subjecting the emulsion to a first atmospheric distillation step to remove water, followed by a second vacuum distillation step to recover oil. The residue contains the surfactant. The atmospheric distillation is generally carried out by steam distillation.

Abstract: Gelled detergent compositions are contained in cleaning devices such as plastic mesh pads and sponges, which gelled detergent compositions comprise water, an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal phosphate, a wetting agent, a fatty acid which reacts with the alkali metal hydroxide to form a soap, a chelating agent, a surfactant, and optionally colorant and odorant components.

Abstract: A rust conversion composition comprises the reaction product of a polyhydroxybenzoic acid and a alkane polyol, in admixture with a film forming polymer, and water. The composition is applied to rusted, iron-containing surface, and allowed to dry to form a hard, moisture and corrosion resistant film. Alternatively, the film may be removed to produce an iron-containing surface free of rust.

Abstract: A novel tire sealant and inflator composition comprising a resin, a latex sealant, alkylene glycol, fibers, an alkanolamine, a foaming agent, and water. The composition is packaged in aerosol cans with a chlorofluorocarbon propellant/inflator and used to seal and inflate punctured tires. The composition is applied to the punctured tire through the valve stem, and acts to seal the puncture and inflate the tire sufficiently to support the weight of the car.

Abstract: Phosphate rock, including low grade phosphate ore, is treated to recover phosphoric acid and other valuable products by a series of steps including contacting phosphate ore with a weak phosphoric acid to form a suspension of at least a portion of the slimes contained in the ore so that the slimes can be separated from the ore, and separating the slimes to provide a deslimed phosphate ore. Deslimed phosphate rock is solubilized with phosphoric acid to convert at least a portion of the calcium contained in the rock and form a solution of monocalcium phosphate and phosphoric acid. After removal of solids, this solution can be treated with sulfuric acid in a gypsum crystallizer to form gypsum and the phosphoric acid product wherein filterable gypsum crystals are obtained by maintaining a total SO.sub.3 content of 1.5-4 wt. % in a first crystallizer and neutralizing the SO.sub.3 in a second crystallizer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for upgrading of hydrocarbon mixtures, so as to reduce their content of gum precursors such as diolefins and pseudo-diolefins, and provide a resulting product mixture suitable for mild hydrogenation, for use as a motor fuel or as a feed stock to an extraction unit. The process comprises obtaining a hydrocarbon mixture containing about 60-90 wt. % of aromatic components, about 3-40 wt. % of dienes and pseudodienes, and monoolefins, and up to about 6 wt. % of relatively unreactive organic compounds, reacting this mixture with elemental sulfur in the approximate weight ratio of about 5-95 wt. % of the hydrocarbon mixture with about 95-5 wt. % of elemental sulfur, the reaction being carried out at a temperature in the range of 100.degree.-150.degree. C. for about 10 minutes to 24 hours with good mixing, removing the unreacted materials by distillation and separating a sulfur-hydrocarbon reaction product to provide the upgraded hydrocarbon mixture.

Abstract: Monocalcium phosphate, phosphoric acid and/or potassium phosphate, calcium fluoride and gypsum are produced in a process involving acidulation of phosphate rock with phosphoric acid, and wherein monocalcium phosphate dissolved in phosphoric acid is formed during acidulation. In important features, insolubles and impurities are removed and a portion of the monocalcium phosphate may be separated and recovered. Alkali metal ion is added to the solution to form alkali metal fluosilicate, such as K.sub.2 SiF.sub.6, is separated and hydrolyzed with calcium ion to form CaF.sub.2 and the solution is recycled as RH.sub.2 PO.sub.4 /H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 for further reaction with fluorides, where R is alkali metal. A portion of the MCP/H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 solution and/or crystallized monocalcium phosphate can then be reacted with potassium sulfate, potassium bisulfate, or mixtures thereof, to form KH.sub.2 PO.sub.4 or KH.sub.2 PO.sub.4 /H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 solutions, and gypsum or with H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 to produce phosphoric acid.

Abstract: A grinding apparatus for thoroughly crushing, particulating and/or fragmenting materials that are firm or soft. The apparatus is particularly suitable for grinding plant leaf tissue. The grinding apparatus includes a rotatable reamer and a cup for receiving the reamer. The reamer has teeth that form a grinding surface, these teeth extending radially outward from a center point of the grinding surface. A second set of teeth form the inner bottom surface of the cup and provide another grinding surface. The cup teeth correspond to the reamer teeth so as to mesh therewith and produce a camming action during rotation of the reamer.

Abstract: Phosphate is upgraded to remove slimes therefrom by a process which comprises the steps of:(a) contacting the phosphate ore with a phosphoric acid solution having a concentration of about 1 to 20 weight percent in a desliming unit for a sufficient time to form a suspension containing the slimes and the calcium and phosphate components;(b) passing said suspension through a solids separator to separate deslimed phosphate ore from the slime suspension and recovering the deslimed phosphate ore;(c) removing the slime suspension to a separator to separate the slime solids from the filtrate liquids; and(d) recycling the filtrate liquids to the desliming unit to provide at least a portion of the phosphoric acid solution.

Abstract: Phosphate rock, including low grade phosphate ore, is treated to recover phosphoric acid and other valuable products by a series of steps including contacting phosphate ore with a weak phosphoric acid to form a suspension of at least a portion of the slimes contained in the ore so that the slimes can be separated from the ore, and separating the slimes to provide a deslimed phosphate ore. Deslimed phosphate rock is solubilized with phosphoric acid to convert at least a portion of the calcium contained in the rock and form a solution of monocalcium phosphate and phosphoric acid. After removal of solids, this solution can be treated with sulfuric acid in a gypsum crystallizer to form gypsum and the phosphoric acid product wherein filterable gypsum crystals are obtained by maintaining a total SO.sub.3 content of 1.5-4 wt. % in a first crystallizer and neutralizing the SO.sub.3 in a second crystallizer.

Abstract: A novel sulfur-based adduct formed by reacting sulfur with a diene-containing by-product hydrocarbon mixture available from petrochemical operations and/or from coal processing. The adduct is a reaction product of sulfur and each of the dienes contained in the by-product mixture. Also disclosed is a road surface composition containing this adduct as an asphalt extender or as a replacement for asphalt, and there are also disclosed other compositions containing this adduct such as sulfur cements, sulfur concretes, coatings, foams, structural materials and insulators.

Abstract: Alkali metal sulfates are produced from an aqueous solution containing alkali metal hydrogen sulfate which comprises contacting the aqueous solution of alkali metal hydrogen sulfate with a hydrophilic solvent, the hydrophilic solvent being effective to extract at least a portion of the sulfuric acid formed as the alkali metal hydrogen sulfate is converted to alkali metal sulfate in the solution, together with at least a portion of the water present; permitting the alkali metal sulfate solid to crystallize; and recovering the solid alkali metal sulfate product. The hydrophilic solvent may then be extracted and separated from the sulfuric acid with a hydrophobic solvent and both solvents can be recovered and recycled.

Abstract: Cuprous chloride is produced from the complex salt, 2KCl.CuCl, obtained as a by-product in the copper industry where chalcopyrite is decomposed in the presence of potassium chloride, by a series of steps involving reaction of an aqueous solution of the complex salt of potassium chloride and cuprous chloride with ammonia, separating the resulting solid potassium chloride from a solution containing cuprous chloride and ammonia, removing the ammonia from the solution to cause precipitation of the cuprous chloride and recovering solid cuprous chloride. Ammonia may then be recycled to the solution from which the cuprous chloride is removed and to which additional complex salt is added to repeat the cycle.

Abstract: Alkali metal-containing salt products selected from the group consisting of alkali metal dihydrogen phosphate, alkali metal sulfate, alkali metal nitrate, and mixtures thereof, together with alkaline earth metal fluoride, are produced from alkali metal fluosilicate by the steps of:(a) reacting alkali metal fluosilicate with alkaline earth metal ion in an aqueous solution to form alkali metal hydroxide and solid alkaline earth metal fluoride with SiO.sub.2 ;(b) separating the solid alkaline earth metal fluoride and SiO.sub.2 and recovering as useful products;(c) reacting the remaining alkali metal hydroxide solution with a mineral acid selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and mixtures thereof, at a temperature in the range of about 30.degree.-100.degree. C. until the reaction is complete; and(d) recovering the alkali metal-containing product.