Abstract: A luminous system comprising one or more illumination sources, a multilayer structure, and one or more diffuse reflection layers being optically decoupled from the multilayer structure, wherein the emission and the reflection of the luminous system produce a first observed visible color when the one or more illumination sources are powered and a second observed visible color when the one or more illumination sources are non-powered is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of creating the inventive luminous system.

Abstract: A luminous system comprising one or more illumination sources, a multilayer structure, and one or more diffuse reflection layers being optically decoupled from the multilayer structure, wherein the emission and the reflection of the luminous system produce a first observed visible color when the one or more illumination sources are powered and a second observed visible color when the one or more illumination sources are non-powered is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of creating the inventive luminous system.

Abstract: Disclosed are smoothing phosphors for AC LED lighting that are capable of prolonging the light emission time of an AC LED (or array of AC LEDs) during a ½ cycle response to a phase change of the alternating current to substantially reduce flicker. The smoothing phosphor of the present teachings comprises a matrix represented by the formula: M(l-k-r-v)X(m-p)Al2(n-0.5x-0.5y)O3(n-0.5x-0.5y): Mn(x+p)O(x+p), SiyO2y, Euk, Rr, Liv wherein M is at least one of La2O3, Ce2O3, Gd2O3, Lu2O3, Ba2OF2, Sr2OF2, Ca2OF2, Ba2OCl2, Sr2OCl2, Ca2OCl2, BaO, SrO, CaO, or ZnO; provided that when M comprises BaO, SrO, CaO, or ZnO, M does not comprise La2O3, Ce2O3, Gd2O3, Lu2O3, Ba2OF2, Sr2OF2, Ca2OF2, Ba2OCl2, Sr2OCl2, or Ca2OCl2; X is at least one of MgO or ZnO; R is at least one of Sm, Pr, Tb, Dy, Er, or Ho; m=0 to 2; n=4 to 11; x=0.005 to 1; y=0.005 to 1; p=0 to 1; k=0 to 0.2; r=0 to 0.2; and v=0 to 0.2.

Abstract: A time validation indicator is disclosed comprising at least a receiving layer and an activating layer. The receiving layer comprises at least one or more masking colorants and one or more deactivators that cause and maintain the one or more masking colorants in an initial colored state. The activating layer comprises at least one or more migratory activators that migrate into the receiving layer upon at least a portion of the receiving layer being placed in contact with at least a portion of the activating layer to initiate a predetermined time period. The migration of the one or more migratory activators into the receiving layer causes at least a portion of the one or more masking colorants to advance to a final colorless state resulting in a visual color change of the receiving layer that indicates the predetermined time period has elapsed. Also disclosed are methods for creating and using the inventive time validation indicator.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to aerosol delivery devices that may include components configured to convert electrical energy to heat and atomize an aerosol precursor composition. An outer body may at least partially enclose the components. An illumination source may be configured to output electromagnetic radiation. For example, a light emitting diode may output light. A waveguide may be configured to receive the electromagnetic radiation from the illumination source and provide illumination at an outer surface of the outer body. The waveguide may include an energy conversion material configured to alter a wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation outputted by the illumination source to change a color of, or otherwise affect, the illumination. The illumination may also be dynamically adjusted. The waveguide may define the outer body, or the waveguide may be received with a separate outer body. Related methods are also provided.

Abstract: A time validation indicator is disclosed comprising at least a receiving layer and an activating layer. The receiving layer comprises at least one or more masking colorants and one or more deactivators that cause and maintain the one or more masking colorants in an initial colored state. The activating layer comprises at least one or more migratory activators that migrate into the receiving layer upon at least a portion of the receiving layer being placed in contact with at least a portion of the activating layer to initiate a predetermined time period. The migration of the one or more migratory activators into the receiving layer causes at least a portion of the one or more masking colorants to advance to a final colorless state resulting in a visual color change of the receiving layer that indicates the predetermined time period has elapsed. Also disclosed are methods for creating and using the inventive time validation indicator.

Abstract: A time validation indicator is disclosed comprising at least a receiving layer and an activating layer. The receiving layer comprises at least one or more masking colorants and one or more deactivators that cause and maintain the one or more masking colorants in an initial colored state. The activating layer comprises at least one or more migratory activators that migrate into the receiving layer upon at least a portion of the receiving layer being placed in contact with at least a portion of the activating layer to initiate a predetermined time period. The migration of the one or more migratory activators into the receiving layer causes at least a portion of the one or more masking colorants to advance to a final colorless state resulting in a visual color change of the receiving layer that indicates the predetermined time period has elapsed. Also disclosed are methods for creating and using the inventive time validation indicator.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to aerosol delivery devices that may include components configured to convert electrical energy to heat and atomize an aerosol precursor composition. An outer body may at least partially enclose the components. An illumination source may be configured to output electromagnetic radiation. For example, a light emitting diode may output light. A waveguide may be configured to receive the electromagnetic radiation from the illumination source and provide illumination at an outer surface of the outer body. The waveguide may include an energy conversion material configured to alter a wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation outputted by the illumination source to change a color of, or otherwise affect, the illumination. The illumination may also be dynamically adjusted. The waveguide may define the outer body, or the waveguide may be received with a separate outer body. Related methods are also provided.

Abstract: A luminous system comprising one or more illumination sources, a multilayer structure, and one or more diffuse reflection layers being optically decoupled from the multilayer structure, wherein the emission and the reflection of the luminous system produce a first observed visible color when the one or more illumination sources are powered and a second observed visible color when the one or more illumination sources are non-powered is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of creating the inventive luminous system.

Abstract: Phosphorescent compositions including silicate of alkaline earth materials which are modified by at least one halide are provided. The phosphorescent compositions may include 3d ions. A variety of embodiments may be realized. The appearance of some embodiments may be glassy (i.e., vitreous).

Abstract: An illuminator and a method for fabricating the illuminator are disclosed. The illuminator comprises at least a light source and a discriminator. The light source comprises one or more luminescent layers that substantially convert the energy of a primary electromagnetic radiation to an output radiation. The discriminator comprises one or more layers that substantially transmit the primary electromagnetic radiation to the one or more luminescent layers and reflect at least a portion of the output radiation from the one or more luminescent layers to the viewing hemisphere. A method for applying the illuminator to an object is also disclosed.

Abstract: A low rare earth mineral photoluminescent structure for generating long-persistent luminescence that utilizes at least a phosphorescent layer comprising one or more phosphorescent materials having substantially low rare earth mineral content of less than about 2.0 weight percent, and one or more fluorescent layers is disclosed. Further disclosed are methods for fabricating and using the inventive low rare earth mineral photoluminescent structure. A low rare earth mineral photoluminescent composition for generating long-persistent luminescence that utilizes at least one or more phosphorescent materials having substantially low rare earth mineral content of less than about 2.0 weight percent and one or more fluorescent materials is also disclosed, as well as, the methods for fabricating and using the inventive low rare earth mineral photoluminescent composition.

Abstract: An illumination delivery system for generating sustained secondary emission that includes at least an illumination source, a waveguide, and one or more energy conversion layers is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of using the inventive illumination delivery system for generating sustained secondary emission.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for converting a primary electromagnetic radiation to a longer output wavelength that includes providing an energy conversion layer having a first photoluminescent material and a second photoluminescent material, exposing the energy conversion layer to the primary electromagnetic radiation, and transferring at least a portion of absorbed energy from the first photoluminescent material to the second photoluminescent material by dipolar coupling, such that the second photoluminescent material subsequently emits the longer output wavelength.

Abstract: A multilayer structure for sustained conversion of a primary electromagnetic radiation into another electromagnetic radiation characterized by a spectrum of a higher average wavelength is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of creating and using the inventive multilayer structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for creating a photoluminescent object that is fabricated by applying to a preformed article, at least one photoluminescent formulation to result in a photoluminescent layer. The at least one photoluminescent formulation comprises at least an effective amount of at least one phosphorescent material and another effective amount of a fluorescent material.

Abstract: Disclosed are photoluminescent fibers containing photoluminescent phosphorescent materials and photoluminescent fluorescent materials which emit electromagnetic energies to give an emission signature. Also disclosed are the use of the inventive fibers, fabrics made therefrom, and objects containing the fiber.

Abstract: Photoluminescent phosphors wherein some of the oxygen anions in the phosphor matrix have been replaced by halides or nitride. In addition, photoluminescent phosphors wherein some of the oxygen anions in the phosphor matrix have been replaced by halides or nitride and a charge compensator has been included. The phosphors are based on green emitting and blue-green emitting aluminates.

Abstract: Disclosed are photoluminescent formulations, comprising an effective amount of photoluminescent phosphorescent materials, which exhibit high luminous intensity and persistence. Also disclosed are photoluminescent objects formed by applying at least one photoluminescent layer, formed from photoluminescent formulations, to preformed articles. Further disclosed are methods for creating photoluminescent objects.

Abstract: Methods of identification or detection utilizing photoluminescent compositions containing photoluminescent phosphorescent materials and photoluminescent fluorescent materials whose emission signature lies partly or fully in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum onto or into objects for the purpose of identifying or detecting the objects. Methods of identification or detection utilizing photoluminescent compositions which are high in intensity and high in persistence. Methods wherein the identifying markings can be clandestine or otherwise, and methods wherein activation and detection can be decoupled spatially and temporally. Objects containing these photoluminescent compositions.