Abstract: A method for producing ozone which comprises electrolyzing water using a fluororesin-type ion-exchange membrane as a solid electrolyte thereby to generate an ozone-containing gas, and cooling the gas thereby to remove a fluorine-containing substance present in the gas generated.

Abstract: A device for continuously measuring the thickness of a foil includes a radiation source opposite a radiation detector, and a movement member which moves the radiation source and detector synchronously in a width-direction of the foil. A signal generator generates a signal indicating a position of a portion of the foil whose thickness is being measured, and a counter having a plurality of integrating channels integrates detection signals output from the detector to generate an integrated count number for each channel. A signal switching member switches each of the plurality of integrating channels of the counter according to signals generated by the signal generator, and a calculator calculates a foil thickness from the integrated counted number for each channel of the counter. This structure allows continuous and precise measurement of the foil's thickness.

Abstract: A process for producing high concentration ozone water, which comprises contacting an ozone-containing gas with fine droplets of water to dissolve ozone in the ozone-containing gas into the fine droplets of water.

Abstract: There are described an anode, a process for producing the same, an apparatus for electrolytic chromium plating, and a method for electrolytic chromium plating, using such anode, wherein the anode comprises an electrically conductive substrate comprising a valve metal or an alloy thereof, a first intermediate layer formed on the sustrate and comprising an oxide of tin, a second intermediate layer formed on the first intermediate layer and comprising either (1) platinum metal and an oxide of tin, or (2) platinum metal, an oxide of tin, and iridium oxide, and a surface layer formed on the second intermediate layer and comprising either (1) platinum metal and an oxide of tin, or (2) platinum metal, an oxide of tin, and iridium oxide, the composition of said surface layer being different form that of said second intermediate layer.

Abstract: An electrolytic ozone generator is described, which comprises a feed tank in which water is stored, an ion-exchange column connected to the feed tank, a pump for feeding the stored water in the feed tank to the ion-exchange column, an electrolytic cell connected to the ion-exchange column and containing a solid electrolyte which is an ion-exchange membrane, an anode disposed tightly on one side of the solid electrolyte, and a cathode disposed tightly on the other side of the solid electrolyte, an electromagnetic valve connected to and disposed between the ion-exchange column and the electrolytic cell, and a hydrogen-separating column connected to the electrolytic cell and for separating hydrogen from a gas-liquid mixture sent from the electrolytic cell and circulating the resulting water to the feed tank, and in which the liquid level of the anolyte in the electrolytic cell is sensed, and, in a case wherein said liquid level is below a predetermined value, ion-exchanged water is fed from the ion-exchange colu

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electrolytic ozone generation are described which process comprises feeding raw water to an ozone-generating electrolytic cell partitioned into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber by means of a solid electrolyte, said feeding of raw water being only to the cathode chamber, and conducting electrolysis to thereby produce ozone in the anode chamber.

Abstract: A method for the electrolytic pin plating of a steel plate using an insoluble anode, said anode being an insoluble electrode comprising a corrosion-resistant metal substrate having provided thereon a coating containing a platinum group metal or an oxide thereof, said anode being enclosed with a diaphragm.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward an electrolytic ozonier for treating ozone-containing waste gas and a method of treating ozone-containing waste gas using the ozonier, wherein the method includes evolving oxygen and ozone in an anode compartment of an electrolytic cell by electrolysis of water while evolving hydrogen in a cathode compartment; directing the evolved hydrogen into a waste gas treating section that contains a waste gas decomposition catalyst so as to convert the hydrogen to a harmless form by means of the catalyst; bringing the oxygen and ozone into contact with a medium to be treated in an ozone contactor so as to treat the medium; and subsequently directing waste gas containing oxygen and ozone produced as a result of treatment of the medium into the waste gas treating section where they are brought into either direct or indirect contact with the catalyst so that the ozone in the waste gas is converted into a harmless form.

Abstract: A method of copper-plating a material whereby electrolysis is performed using an electrolytic plating cell including a diaphragm which separates an anode chamber having therein an insoluble metal electrode as an anode from a cathode chamber having therein the material to be plated as a cathode, and further using an electrolyte solution containing copper ions and an additive, wherein the electrolyte is fed to the cathode chamber in a manner such that the copper ion concentration in the electrolyte within the cathode chamber is kept constant and electrolyte is further fed to the anode chamber at a rate of from about 0.2 to 11 ml/KAh.

Abstract: A method for the electrolytic pickling or degreasing of a steel plate in an aqueous solution having an electrode disposed therein, wherein an insoluble electrode or a ferrite electrode is used as the electrode, said insoluble electrode comprising an electrically conductive substrate having provided thereon directly or through an intermediate layer, an electrode coating containing a platinum group metal or an oxide thereof.

Abstract: A titanium composite material is disclosed which comprises a titanium or titanium alloy substrate, a base layer formed thereon of a calcium phosphate compound resulting from calcination of a hydrochloric or nitric acid aqueous solution of the calcium phosphate compound, and a covering layer thereon of a calcium phosphate compound formed by sintering a suspension of the calcium phosphate compound applied to the base layer. The composite material is useful as a biological implant. It is produced by activating the surface of the substrate, forming the base layer by calcining the solution coated on the substrate and then forming the covering layer by sintering the suspension coated on the base layer. The covering layer may be hydrothermally treated to increase its crystallinity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for water treatment is described, using electrolytic zone, which comprises electrolyzing water to generate an ozone-containing gas in the anode compartment of an electrolytic cell, separating the ozone-containing gas from the anolyte, and contacting the separated ozone-containing gas with the water to be treated said water to be treated being different than the water for electrolysis.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an upper electrode and a lower electrode are integrally assembled with insoluble electrodes and diaphragmn in diaphragm electrode structure. Small holes are furnished on the upper electrode, and the diaphragm of the upper electrode is installed obliquely with degassing means. By simply carrying the objects to be plated in horizontal direction, uniform and high quality electroplating can be continuously performed with extensive increase in productivity, while enjoying all of the benefits such as shorter interpolar distance between two electrodes, compact design of the apparatus, saving of expensive additives, etc. Further, the inspection of the diaphragm and the like can be rapidly and easily accomplished, and perfect protection of the diaphragm is assured, thus providing a horizontal carrying type electroplating apparatus suitable for practical use.

Abstract: An electrode protector, which is to be attached to the surface of an insoluble metal electrode for use as the counterpart electrode in a continuous electrolytic treatment of a metal strip or the like and serves to prevent short circuiting, comprising a mesh substrate made of a corrosion-resistant metal, and provided on the surface of the mesh substrate, a corrosion-resistant electrically insulating coating.

Abstract: An electrode for use in electrolysis is disclosed, which comprises a metallic substrate having formed on the surfaces thereof, in sequence, an amorphous layer free of grain boundaries, and an active electrode material coating. The electrode shows excellent durability even when used in electrolysis accompanied by oxygen evolution. A process for producing the electrode is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for recovering sulfuric acid from an aqueous sulfuric acid solution containing ferrous sulfate is disclosed, which comprises electrolyzing the aqueous sulfuric acid solution containing ferrous sulfate to thereby oxidize ferrous ion dissolved in the solution to ferric ion, and then removing the ferric ion by solvent extraction using a solvent and an extractant.

Abstract: A cathode for electrolysis, particularly of a sodium chloride aqueous solution by an ion-exchange membrane method, and a process for producing the same, the cathode comprising a conductive base having a nickel surface and having provided thereon (a) at least one platinum group component selected from the group consisting of a platinum group metal, a platinum group metal oxide, and a platinum group metal hydroxide, and (b) at least one cerium component selected from the group consisting of cerium, cerium oxide, and cerium hydroxide, retaining a markedly reduced hydrogen overpotential for an extended period of time and exhibiting excellent resistance to impurities in the electrolytic solution.

Abstract: A titanium or titanium alloy composite having a porous surface layer, which comprises a titanium or titanium alloy substrate and a porous titanium or titanium alloy layer that adheres strongly to said substrate, said porous layer being formed by first providing said substrate with a firmly adhering sinter of a mixture of a titanium or titanium alloy powder and a magnesium powder, and then removing magnesium from the sinter. A process for producing a titanium or titanium alloy composite having a porous surface layer, comprising: providing a coating composition comprising a binder added to a mixture of a titanium or titanium alloy powder and a magnesium powder; applying said composition to the surface of a titanium or titanium alloy substrate; heating the substrate at a temperature of from 650.degree. to 800.degree. C. in vacuo or an inert atmosphere so as to form a sinter of the powders of titanium or titanium alloy and magnesium which firmly adheres to said substrate; and removing magnesium from said sinter.

Abstract: A bipolar-electrode electrolytic cell is disclosed, which is to be used in electrolysis of an electrolytic solution having a high electric resistance and including at least two diaphragms positioned to form a plurality of electrode compartments comprising two outer compartments defined between the side walls of the electrolytic cell and the diaphragms positioned closest to the cell walls having a single electrode and at least one electrode compartment having two same-polar electrodes on both sides thereof, each of said electrodes being placed on a diaphragm such that different-polar electrodes are positioned at opposing sides of the diaphragm, wherein the distance between same-polar electrodes within the same compartment is sufficiently large such that electrolysis therebetween does not substantially occur and wherein two of said electrodes at the terminal ends of the series connected electrolytic cell, an anode and a cathode, being further electrically connected to an anode collector and a cathode collector,

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward an electrolytic cell for treating fluids with gases that are evolved by electrolysis comprising an anode compartment separated from a cathode compartment by a diaphragm, and a gas-permeable and liquid-impermeable window formed in the anode and the cathode compartment, or formed in the anode or the cathode compartment, wherein the window is formed such that a gas evolved in the anode or cathode compartment or gases evolved in these two compartments are allowed to pass through the window to make contact with a fluid to be treated, said fluid being located outside said electrolytic cell, thereby treating the fluid.