Abstract: This invention relates to a stabilized honey bee pheromone and methods of stabilizing the honey bee brood pheromone, thereby enabling the production and sustained use of commercial products based on that pheromone. The stabilized pheromone can be used to manipulate the behavior and improve the performance of worker honey bees, resulting in overall increased vigor of the hive. The pheromone composition comprises two or more of ethyl linoleate, ethyl linolenate, ethyl oleate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl stearate, methyl linoleate, methyl linolenate, methyl oleate, methyl palmitate and methyl stearate and an antioxidant.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition and procedure for manipulating the behaviour of codling moth larvae, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). In particular, this invention relates to the use of specific pheromone components for manipulating the behaviour of C. pomonella larvae. A composition of chemicals for manipulating the behaviour of Cydia pomonella larvae, said composition comprising two or more chemicals in all possible combinations and ratios selected from the group consisting of: 1) heptanal; 2) 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (sulcatone); 3) myrcene; 4) octanal; 5) 3-carene; 6) (+)-limonene; 7) (E)-2-octenal; 8) nonanal; 9) (E)-2-nonenal; 10) decanal; 11) geranylacetone.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of formulating steroid pheromones as novel stable emulsions. These emulsions can be used for administration of the steroid pheromones to living organisms such as humans or pigs in place of current organic solvent or pressurized aerosol formulations that present hazards in both shipping and application. Uses relating to pigs are in stimulation of sexual maturation, diagnosis of the onset and timing of oestrus in female pigs, and inducing boars to accept dummy sows. The water-based emulsions can include 5?-androst-16-en-3-one and 3?-hydroxy-5?-androst-16-ene for administration to pigs. The use of water-based emulsions eliminates the need for formulation of the steroid pheromones in organic solvents, delivery of these pheromones as pressurized aerosols, and following the precautions required to reduce hazards during shipping and handling.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods of using blends of two or more monoterpenes as synergists for attractive pheromones of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae. When deployed in effective amounts in traps, on pine trees or in the vicinity of pine trees, these blends will increase the numbers of mountain pine beetles captured or attracted, compared to the numbers responding when a single monoterpene is used as a synergist.

Abstract: Composite polymer dispensers capable of controlled release of semiochemicals have been developed. The dispensers make use of a solid elastomer matrix reservoir which is at least partially surrounded by a permeable release rate controlling polymer membrane. The matrix materials are polyurethanes compatible with many types of semiochemicals and additives. The release rates of semiochemicals from the dispensers can be varied over a wide range by manipulation of the reservoir conditions and by selection of the type of permeable polymer membrane surrounding the device. The dispensers can have a variety of forms and can be produced by a simple process. The semiochemical devices produced by this method are useful for managing insect and other pests through attraction to traps, for population monitoring or for mass trapping. The devices may also be used to dispense anti-aggregation pheromones or repellents in addition to use for mating confusion or disruption.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and compositions for combating mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) which causes severe damage to pine trees in North America. A method and apparatus for reducing attack by mountain pine beetles Dendroctonus ponderosae on pine trees, Pinus species, by spacially deploying verbenone (4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one) in stands of pine trees.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel composition for attracting mullein bugs, Campylomma verbasci, a pest of tree fruit orchards in North America. The invention also pertains to methods of attracting mullein bugs and predicting future population levels of these insects. The composition for attracting male mullein bugs, Campylomma verbasci, comprises a mixture of butyl butyrate and 2 (E)-crotyl butyrate.