Abstract: Reproduction accuracy of, for example a digital stereo audio signal, is improved by transmitting sample data as sub-signals such as frequency subband signals. In one or more subbands, corresponding components such as left and right stereo channels are combined so that only one composite signal is transmitted per subband. An indicator signal is transmitted, indicating which subbands are combined. Scale factor signals for all subbands, and for the relative intensity of the respective subband signals which were combined, may also be transmitted. In the receiver a subband signal is derived for each channel from the composite signal, before synthesis of the full channel signals which will be reproduced.

Abstract: A food processor is provided having a motor (18), a bowl (10) and a beater (12) which are movable relative to each other by a drive by the motor (18), a switching means (48) for switching the motor (18) on and off under the control of a start signal (START) and at least a first stop signal (STOP1) respectively, torsion measuring means (28/30, 32/34) for producing a torsion signal (TS) which is a measure for the torque necessary for the drive, a signal processing unit (42) for producing at least the first stop signal (STOP1) in response to the torsion signal (TS). The signal processing unit (42) includes a first differentiator (56) and/or a second differentiator (58) for producing the first (DTS) and the second derivative (DDTS) of the torsion signal (TS) and a comparator (62) in which the first (DTS) or second (DDTS) derivative is compared with a reference value (REF1). When the reference value is exceeded, the comparator produces a stop signal (STOP1) to switch off the motor (18).

Abstract: A communication system including a network and an information multiplexing device connected to the network is provided. The device includes a plurality of access terminals for receiving information to be transmitted, a plurality of connecting terminals coupled to the network, a plurality of service circuits having queue elements for storing the information, a plurality of network circuits which includes output circuits for transmitting information to the connecting terminals and an assigning element for assigning a period of time which information can be transmitted to the output circuits. The period of time being dependent on the rate of which the output circuit can transmit data.

Abstract: A load stage including a first transistor whose channel is connected between a first terminal and a first node, a second transistor whose channel is connected between a second terminal and a second node, a third transistor whose channel is connected between the first node, a third terminal and a fourth transistor whose channel is connected between the second node and the third terminal and a switch between the first and the second terminal. The gates of the first and the fourth transistor are connected to the first terminal. The gates of the second and the third transistor are connected to the second terminal. The load stage also includes a switch connected between the first node and the second node. When the switch is closed the first and the second transistor form a positive differential impedance between the first and the second terminal. When the switch is open the cross-coupled third and fourth transistors form a negative differential impedance between the first and the second terminal.

Abstract: An interferometer which may be used in a Fourier transform infra red spectrometer comprises a beam splitter (10), first and second fixed mirrors (18,26), path length variation means (20), and a folding mirror (16). The optical components are mounted on a casting (8) such that the beam splitter (10) and folding mirror (16) are arranged parallel to each other and the fixed mirrors (18,26) are attached to a single face of the casting in the same plane. The path length variation means (20) comprises two parallel opposed mirrors (22,24) which are rotatable to vary the length of the optical path between the beam splitter (10) and the fixed mirror (26).

Abstract: A cathode ray tube in which a glass-enamel layer having particles with a secondary electron emission coefficient smaller than 1, for example Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles, is provided in the neck. The percentage of particles exceeds approximately 30% and the surface resistance or resistivity ranges between 10.sup.10 and 10.sup.14 .OMEGA./.quadrature.. The high-voltage behavior of such a layer is satisfactory. The convergence drift is relatively small. In addition, a description is given of a method of providing such a glass-enamel layer.

Abstract: A system for equipment control comprises a plurality of equipment units and actuator units. These units are linked by a common communication channel, for example a wired bus. Each of the units has a unique address and further associated with a programmable memory for storing therein an event table. The event table comprises event fields, and associated address fields and instruction fields. When the unit changes state--called an event--addresses of other units and corresponding instructions are retrieved from the event table and transmitted to said other units via the common communication channel. The transmitted instructions cause the corresponding other units to change state, for example to be switched on or off.

Abstract: A neural processor, comprising neural calculation apparatus (30, NQ, RQ) which extracts a root Q of a quantity X, said root constituting either a norm of a data or a distance between data. The calculation apparatus calculates (30) by iteration a series of contributions .DELTA.Q.sub.i which are used (NQ, RQ) to update a partial root QP which becomes the root Q at the end of calculation. The calculation can be performed on an arbitrary arithmetic base which determines the number of neurons utilized and also the accuracy of calculation. It is also possible to execute the calculation of a partial remainder (NR, RR). Several programming modes are presented.

Abstract: Control device for a buffer memory which distinguishes information of the "instruction" type and information of the "data" type, and which replaces stored information with current information according to at least replacement algorithm. It comprises partitioning means (30) which make available, for at least one of the said types of information therefore called a limited type, a limited amount of memory, delocalized in the buffer memory, and, when a current information item has to be loaded while the said limited amount has been overloaded by the stored information of limited type, replacement means (40) load it by priority by replacing a stored replaceable information item of limited type. The value of the said limited amount can be updated. The partitioning means (30) and the replacement means (40) can be programmed means.

Abstract: An anti-implosion band (4) for a cathode my tube comprises a suspension element (5) on its corners with the suspension element having a suspension aperture (8). The suspension element has a portion (7) in which the suspension aperture (8) is formed. This portion extends transversely to the clamping band. The suspension element further comprises projections (9) which extend on one side of the band (4), transversely to the edge of the band, and, when viewed in projection on the plane of the clamping band, the opposite side (10) of the band falls within the projections of the suspension elements. The projections do not influence the clamping function of the band. The bands can be stacked in a simple manner.

Abstract: An integrated circuit has an interconnection pattern which is recessed in the insulating layer, for example, an oxide layer. A groove is etched in the insulating layer corresponding to the metal pattern by means of a mask which is the inverted image of the interconnection pattern during manufacture. Etching is continued until contact windows are fully opened. To prevent the oxide between the contact windows also being removed, a conductive etching stopper layer is provided in the oxide layer. A layer already present in the process is used for this etching stopper layer, for example, a polycrystalline silicon layer, so that extra process steps are made redundant.

Abstract: A non-linear circuit having a transfer characteristic which is adjustable per amplitude segment of an input signal (Yi) includes a segmenting circuit (11 . . . 15, 21 . . . 25) for obtaining a plurality of amplitude segment signals (Y1 . . . Y5) from the input signal (Yi), and a non-linear segment amplifier circuit (31 . . . 35) coupled to the segmenting circuit (11 . . . 15, 21 . . . 25) for separately multiplying segments (Y1 . . . Y5) of the input signal (Yi) by respective segment gain factors (HM1 . . . HM5) in dependence upon a common gain factor (HMa) derived from the segment gain factors (HM1 . . . HM5) and on the basis of the amplitude segment signals (Y1 . . . Y5) for supplying a signal (Y"s) which is adjustable per amplitude segment of the input signal (Yi). The non-linear circuit may also include an output circuit (37, 39) coupled to the non-linear segment amplifier circuit (31 . . .

Abstract: A navigation device which is operative to navigate a user along a selected route, utilizing displays of relevant map sections and the selected route. The relevant map section is updated by a control unit in accordance with changes in user's present position. The control unit includes a picture processor which controls the display unit to show in a distinctive manner within a relevant map section the route segment already travelled and the segment yet to be travelled. The resulting display can therefore be very quickly interpreted by the user.

Abstract: A technical device, such as an electromechanical deck for moving information carriers, includes a plastics function part molded into a deck plate by outsert-molding. The function part includes a bridge element, which traverses a hole in the deck plate, and retaining elements, which are situated at the deck plate surfaces and are interconnected by the bridge element, the plastics of said part being subject to shrinkage after injection-molding. The mobility of the function part as a rotatable or slidable part is obtained automatically despite shrinkage of the plastics part by positioning the retaining elements at each end of the bridge element so that they do not overlap, when viewed in the axial direction of the bridge, with a retaining element at the opposite end of the bridge.

Abstract: A local area network comprises a plurality of network interfaces with each network interface coupled to a station, the network interfaces further for exchanging data with each other. The local area network further comprises a distribution station for exchanging data with the network interfaces. The distribution station further receives load information of the network interfaces, and in response to the load information, transmits a channel distribution for the exchange of data between the network interfaces.

Abstract: By incorporating two-pole circuits (13) as switching elements in a picture display device based on field emission, the emission (and hence the picture intensity) is substantially defined by the charge of a capacitance (15) associated with a part of a pixel (8). Charge-controlled drive leads to a more accurate adjustment than the voltage-controlled drive used until now and leads to lower drive voltages, less power consumption and a longer lifetime of the phosphors used in the display device.

Abstract: In a method of transmitting an extended television signal comprising a wide aspect ratio picture between two horizontal bars so as to form a standard aspect ratio picture, in which vertical resolution enhancement signals are transmitted to improve the vertical resolution upon display on an enhanced television receiver, this method comprises the steps of separating the vertical resolution enhancement signals into a low-frequency part (DC-1.5 MHz) and a high-frequency part (1.2-2.9 MHz); transmitting the high-frequency part during the horizontal bars, which high-frequency part is not modulated onto a subcarrier; and transmitting the low-frequency part during the horizontal bars after modulation onto a subcarrier (4.43 MHz).

Abstract: Magnetic resonance apparatus includes a magnet system (1) for generating a steady magnetic field in a measurement space (29), a coil system (3) for generating gradient fields in the measurement space, and at least one RF coil (9) which is accommodated in a housing (33) which can be arranged in the measurement space and which is suitable to accommodate an object (41 ) to be examined, and a jig for positioning an instrument (57) introduced into the object (41). This jig has a first stop (59) for defining the position of a free end of the instrument (57) in a first coordinate direction (Z) of a three-dimensional system of coordinates. The jig also has a perforated plate (55) which is provided with holes (53) which are arranged in a matrix which extends according to second and third coordinate directions (X, Y) of the coordinate system in order to position the instrument (57) in the second and third coordinate directions.

Abstract: The reflector lamp unit has an electric lamp (10) mounted in a reflector body (1) having a neck (4). A metal sleeve (20) is present around the neck. The sleeve has outward projections (21) to provide grip to retention means of a lamp holder, and inward projections (22) which engage grooves (6) present in the neck. The free-end portion (5) of the neck (4) extends beyond the sleeve (20). The unit is of a simple construction, which nevertheless provides for a rigid coupling of the sleeve (20) to the reflector body (1) even with large tolerances as to the size of the neck (4). The unit, moreover, obviates the risk of short-circuiting the contact elements of a lampholder by the metal sleeve.