Abstract: To be able to achieve shorter communication cycles, the invention proposes a communication system which is able to connect field devices to a higher-order control device. For this purpose, a connection device is provided which is connectable to a higher-order control device via a transmission medium. The connection device has at least one first port and at least one second port, to each of which a field device may be connected. The connection device has at least one functional device which is switchable between at least one first port and at least one second port. The functional device is designed to generate output data intended for the second port in response to the input data arriving at the first port.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an energy supply device for providing an output voltage and an output current. The device includes a first operating state, a second operating state, a measuring assembly, and a signal generator. The measuring assembly is configured to sense a current amplitude of the output current of the energy supply device. The signal generator is configured to produce the output voltage and the output current. The signal generator is further configured to reduce a voltage amplitude of the output voltage of the energy supply device in the first operating state to change to the second operating state if the sensed current amplitude falls below a first current threshold value and to increase a voltage amplitude of the output voltage of the energy supply device in the second operating to change to the first operating state if the sensed current amplitude exceeds a second current threshold value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a power supply unit for the provision of at least one switchable power output, having at least one power input UIN, at least one voltage measuring device that monitors the voltage at the at least one power input UIN, wherein, if the input voltage falls below a defined threshold Uthres or if the change in the input voltage UIN per unit of time rises above a defined threshold ?Uthres/?t, the power output/power outputs is/are switched off and the input voltage is then measured at a first timepoint t1, and, after a first predetermined time (td1) (S240), the input voltage U is measured again at a second timepoint t2, and if the input voltage at the second timepoint is greater than the input voltage at the first timepoint, it is assumed that a short circuit is present at at least one power output.

Abstract: To simplify and/or improve error monitoring in a control and data transmission system for redundant process control, provided is a method for error monitoring in which errors detected by a first control device are stored locally as well as transmitted to at least one redundant second control device, which is arranged remotely, and also stored there so that in each case the error history of both control devices and is available locally for diagnosing the whole redundant system. Further provided is a control and data transmission system designed to carry out the method and a control device for use therein.

Abstract: A planar transformer for power transmission, having vertical and horizontal extents, includes a circuit board having a sandwich-type structure with at least three layers to form electrical conductors. First and second layers of these layers form outer layers of the circuit board, and each additional one of these layers forms an inner layer of the circuit board. An insulation material with a minimum thickness is arranged between all of these layers, with a number of at least three mutually galvanically isolated circuits. A first circuit forms a primary circuit and each additional circuit forms an equally entitled secondary circuit, having a magnetic core assembled from two interconnected magnetic core parts. A first core part with a central part and two outer legs forms a U shape. The circuit board has two recesses, and the two outer legs of the first core part are inserted into these recesses and connected to the second core part at their ends remote from the central part.

Abstract: An electrical plug connector pair includes a first plug connector part and a second plug connector part which can be interconnected by a plug connection such that an electrical contact provided in the first plug connector part can be galvanically contacted to an electrical contact provided in the second connector part. The first plug connector part includes a locking element having a locking hook that, in a locking state, can be brought into engagement with a hook receiving portion provided in the second plug connector part such that the locking hook that is brought into engagement with the hook receiving portion in the locking state prevents separation of the two plug connector parts, the locking element being mounted in the first plug connector part so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis such that the locking hook can be released.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric plug connector for electrically connecting at least one first and one second thermocouple conductor, comprising at least one electrically conductive first and second contacting means, wherein the first thermocouple conductor is to be connected to the first contacting means, and the second thermocouple conductor is to be connected to the second contacting means, at least one first electrical temperature sensor, which is provided with a temperature sensing region and with at least one first and one second electrical contact, wherein at least one part of the temperature sensing region of the first temperature sensor is directly attached to the first contacting means by a joint.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a relay having a relay contact, having an electrical connection terminal at which an electrical variable can be tapped off, a control connection for receiving a control signal for opening the relay contact, and a controller. The controller is configured to respond to the reception of the control signal by sensing a change of amplitude of the electrical variable and to open the electrical relay contact with a time delay when a rising amplitude of the electrical variable is sensed, in order to reduce an electrical loading on the relay contact. The controller is further configured to respond to the reception of the control signal by opening in a first disconnection process, to sense the amplitude of the electrical variable, to close the relay contact when the rising amplitude is sensed and to open it again, with a time delay, in a second disconnection process.

Abstract: The subject matter herein pertains to a current transformer, comprising a secondary coil, connection contacts for establishing electrically conductive contact with the secondary coil from the outside, and a housing having a housing body and a housing head, wherein the secondary coil is accommodated in the housing body and/or is attached to the housing body, and the connection contacts of the secondary coil are provided on the housing head. According to one implementation, a connecting mechanism is provided, by means of which the housing head and the connection contacts can be mechanically or electrically conductively detachably connected to the housing body and to the secondary coil. A current transformer is therefore provided, which is cost-effective to produce and is flexible in terms of the use thereof.

Abstract: A planar transmitter having a vertical extent and a horizontal extent, having a layer structure with a plurality of electrical circuits, wherein a first electrical circuit and a second electrical circuit are electrically conductively disconnected from one another. The transmitter also has at least one magnetic core which at least partially surrounds the layer structure and acts at least on the first electrical circuit and on the second electrical circuit, wherein the first electrical circuit and the second electrical circuit lie substantially in one plane and form one layer of the layer structure. Provision is further made for at least the first electrical circuit or the second electrical circuit to be subdivided into a plurality of electrical circuits which are electrically conductively disconnected from one another.

Abstract: A surge arrester for the power supply of low voltage systems with a housing, two main electrodes which form a spark gap, an arcing chamber within the housing between the two main electrodes and with an ignition aid. When the ignition aid operates in an ignition region, ionized gas is produced which spreads in the arcing chamber so that the spark gap ignites between the two main electrodes and an arc arises in the arcing chamber. The ignition of the spark gap between the two main electrodes occurs relatively quickly after the operation of the ignition aid so that the components of the ignition aid are stressed as little as possible and are protected against damage, and at least one feed channel is formed between the ignition aid and the arcing chamber by which ionized gas produced in the ignition region flows into the arcing chamber.

Abstract: The invention illustrates and describes a patchboard comprising a plurality of socket blocks (2), wherein the individual socket blocks (2) each have a box-like housing (3) with two end faces (4a, 4b) and four side faces (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) which extend between the end faces (4a, 4b), and wherein the two end faces (4a, 4b) of the socket blocks (2) each have at least one connection region (6). The patchboard (1) according to the invention has an increased degree of flexibility and ability to adapt to individual requests of a user as a result of at least two side faces (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) of the socket blocks (2) each having at least one latching element for connection to another socket block (2), and by at least one termination element (11) being arranged on at least one side of the patchboard (1), wherein the termination element (11) has a mating latching element on at least one side face (12, 12b), the termination element (11) being connected to an adjacent socket block (2) by means of said mating latching element.

Abstract: A fault detection system in a photovoltaic system 1, is able to identify a system state on the basis of a first and optionally a second measured data profile and is thus able to distinguish error states from the operating state of the system.

Abstract: A connection terminal having a terminal housing for securing a terminal block arrangement having a plurality of terminal blocks in a wall opening of a housing wall, and a construction unit having two connection terminals and a terminal block arrangement that are formed of a plurality of adjacently arranged terminal blocks. The connection terminal enables the terminal blocks and/or the terminal block arrangement to be mounted and/or dismounted from one side in a wall opening of a housing wall by displaceably arranging a securing element in the terminal housing, the securing element having a terminal bevel that protrudes through an opening in the terminal housing, and by movably disposing the securing element with the aid of an actuation element into a terminal position in which the terminal bevel acts against an inner edge of the wall opening in the mounted state of the connection terminal.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement and a method for contactless energy transmission by means of induction. There are a plurality of coils arranged in a matrix, the coils having at least one conductor that surrounds a central axis of the coil at least once in one turn. The central axis stands vertically on the surface surrounded by the conductor in the geometric center of area of the surrounded surface. The coils are arranged adjacent to one another in a planar unit that extends in a first dimension, in a second dimension, and in a third dimension. The extension of the planar unit in the first dimension and in the second dimension is significantly greater than in the third dimension. The central axis of each coil stands at least locally at least nearly perpendicular to the surface spanned by the first dimension and the second dimension. The coils are also arranged in a regular manner within the planar unit in rows and/or columns such that each coil has at least two or three immediately adjacent coils.

Abstract: The invention relates to a current output stage (100) comprising an input (IN), an output (OUT) for connecting to an input of a unit (200) to be supplied with current, a control stage (T1, T2, Z1), which sets the output current (Iout), and an energy supply stage (Uv;Uv,?Uv), which can provide energy for the output current (Iout). The current output stage (100) comprises a first transistor (T1), which controls the output current in a closed-loop in the passive operating mode, and the current output stage (100) contains a second transistor (T2; T2, T3), which controls the output current (Iout) in a closed-loop in the active operating mode, wherein the first transistor (T1) and the second transistor (T2; T2, T3) is controlled by a control stage OP1) in an open loop, and wherein in the active operating mode the energy supply stage (Uv;Uv,?Uv) is controlled in an open loop such that same provides energy for the output current (Iout).

Abstract: A surge suppressor with a housing, a varistor located in the housing, an electrically conductive connecting element and at least one isolating interrupter. The isolating interrupter is movable relative to a first terminal of the varistor out of a first position into a second position, in the normal state of the surge suppressor, a first end of the electrically conductive connecting element being connected to the first terminal of the varistor in an electrically conductive manner and the isolating interrupter being held in its first position. When a critical state of the varistor is reached, the isolating interrupter is moved into its second position in which a segment of the interrupter is located between the first end of the electrically conductive connecting element and the first terminal. Reliable disconnection from the power system is ensured by the arc formed being moved into at least one partially closed chamber.

Abstract: There is provided a control and data transmission system, comprising at least one control device which, in normal operation, is connected by means of a communication network to at least one process device designed as an input and/or output device, wherein the process device comprises an evaluation unit designed to detect a failure in the control system, an emergency control program which can be parameterized and which is stored in a memory of the process device, and a runtime system designed to execute the emergency control program, and wherein the process device is designed to switch to emergency operation in response to a failure in the control system detected by the evaluation unit, in which emergency operation the process device executes the emergency control program. The invention further provides a process device for use in such a control and data transmission system and a method for redundant process control.

Abstract: A housing includes a main housing body with an opening in at least one side face of the main housing body; a sealing element on the at least one side face, the sealing element surrounding the edge of the opening; a frame element on the at least one side face, the frame element surrounding the edge of the sealing element; and a cover element for closing the opening, which cover element abuts the frame element and the sealing element in a planar manner when the opening is closed.