Abstract: According to the invention, a method and an apparatus are provided for determining bus system parameters and/or configurations, in particular of field bus systems, in the form of digital information, lists, plans and graphical representations, which apparatus comprises a device for detecting, storing and selecting both machine-related and bus-related data and, furthermore, has at least one output device for outputting and/or displaying and/or transmitting data.

Abstract: An electrical connector includes an electrical plug having a threaded sleeve for screwing on a union nut of an electrical socket or for screwing into a stationary housing component of an electronic device. The threaded sleeve includes an external thread not having a threadless area. The union nut includes an internal thread configured for threaded engagement with the external thread of the plug. The internal thread has at least one threadless area.

Abstract: An electrical connector includes a plug which is designed as a threaded sleeve for screwing on a union nut or for screwing into a stationary housing component of an electronic device. The external thread of the threaded sleeve has at least one threadless area provided in the plug-in direction into which a matching internal thread of a union nut or of a housing can be plugged in almost completely, in such a way that tightening of the threaded joint is reduced to one half or maximum a full revolution. The construction allows for the use of complete screw threads and thus the combination with standard connectors of the same commercially available size and type of connection.

Abstract: An overvoltage protection device for protection of low voltage electrical installations, has a device base part with terminals for phase conductors and ground or neutral conductors and at least one overvoltage protection element, with at least one arrester which is located in a housing. The base part of the device has at least one telecommunications contact which has a switch for remote indication of the state of at least one overvoltage protection element, the base part of the device having plug contacts which are connected to the terminals, and the overvoltage protection element having corresponding connector contacts so that the overvoltage protection element can be plugged onto the base part of the device. The overvoltage protection device is improved by the overvoltage protection element having an optical status display and the optical status display and the switch of the telecommunications contact being actuated via a common mechanical actuating system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a safety-related automation system, and to a method for operating such a system. In order to provide a safety-related automation bus system which needs only a low level of hardware redundancy and can be flexibly matched to the respective requirements, the automation system comprises at least one safety analyzer, which is connected by means of an interface to the bus and monitors the data flow via the bus, the analyzer being set up for carrying out safety-related functions. The automation system is distinguished in that the standard control device drives at least one safety-related output, and the safety analyzer is designed for checking and/or for processing safety-related data in the bus datastream.

Abstract: A clamping spring device for an elastic clamp for attaching at least one electrical conductor includes a support and a clamping leg at an end of a spring leg. The support includes a freestanding edge. The clamping leg projects toward the support at an acute angle so as to form a receiving space between the clamping leg and the support. The receiving space narrows in a conductor insertion direction from a conductor insertion side toward a clamping point and is configured to receive the at least one electrical conductor inserted in a lengthwise direction. The clamping leg includes a clamping edge for clamping the electrical conductor between the clamping edge and the support at the clamping point. In the clamping position, the clamping leg is offset from the freestanding edge so that, when clamped, the at least one electrical conductor is bent around the freestanding edge, providing an interlocking effect.

Abstract: In the method according to the present invention for centrally setting data rate in a data transmission facility, the data rate is detected and set at subscribers on the basis of data rate setting telegrams sent by a central station. In addition to an interface to a peripheral application, the subscribers include a protocol core and devices according to the present invention for data rate detection and setting. Data rate detection is solved with a telegram detection system, wherein one data rate detector is provided for each data rate and the transmitted telegrams in the timed data rate setting phase have the same content for each of the data rates concerned.

Abstract: An overvoltage protection element for discharging transient overvoltages with at least two electrodes, with at least one ignition element of insulating material located between the electrodes, and with an air breakdown spark gap which acts between the electrodes, when the air breakdown spark gap is ignited an arc being formed between the two electrodes. An overvoltage protection element is provided with an ignition element which can be produced especially easily, the ignition element being made and arranged such that, between the two electrodes, there is an area of weakened insulation (ignition area) and when there is a voltage on the ignition element, a discharge on the surface of the ignition element leads to a conductive connection between the two electrodes, the conductive connection having a low current carrying capacity.

Abstract: An electrical connector for surface mounting on circuit boards has a housing and at least two contact elements, the contact elements each have a contact leg and a solder terminal leg arranged essentially perpendicularly to each other. The contact legs project into a receiving space in the housing and the solder terminal legs run along a first outer side of the housing. Both horizontal and vertical plug-in directions are obtainable by an end of the solder terminal legs being connected in one piece to a second solder terminal leg, the second solder terminal legs running perpendicular to the first solder terminal legs and parallel to the contact legs along a second outer side of the housing, and by at least one projection being provided on the side of the first solder terminal legs and/or the second solder terminal legs for making electrical contact with the circuit board.

Abstract: An electrical connector includes a plug which is designed as a threaded sleeve for screwing on a union nut or for screwing into a stationary housing component of an electronic device. The external thread of the threaded sleeve has at least one threadless area provided in the plug-in direction into which a matching internal thread of a union nut or of a housing can be plugged in almost completely, in such a way that tightening of the threaded joint is reduced to one half or maximum a full revolution. The construction allows for the use of complete screw threads and thus the combination with standard connectors of the same commercially available size and type of connection.

Abstract: The invention realizes high speed data transmission, as known from the Fast Ethernet, with fieldbus systems in the field of industrial automation. A suitable fieldbus component includes a data link layer, which operates with a fieldbus protocol, and a physical layer, which is constituted for high speed data transmission. There are also provided an interface, which connects the data link layer and the physical layer, and a layer for matching the data link layer to the physical layer.

Abstract: A plug-in jumper for terminal blocks is provided for elastic engagement in openings in busbars and for electrical contact-making of the busbars of at least two junction and/or connecting terminals. The plug-in jumper includes a jumper bar having a bar strip and several plugs which are connected to the bar strip. Each plug has at least two contact legs located essentially parallel to one another, of which at least one is made elastic. The plug-in jumper makes it possible to electrically interconnect different busbars of different terminal blocks since the plugs have two contact areas which are located on top of one another for contact-making of two busbars of two junction and/or connecting terminals which are located next to one another, wherein the two busbars are located on a different planes.

Abstract: An electrical terminal has a housing including at least one side wall with two elongated holes, the two elongated holes are positioned spaced apart on a common circular path. The terminal also includes a busbar and at least two insulation piercing elements which produce electrical contact between the inserted conductor and the busbar. The electrical terminal includes at least two actuating elements arranged so as to turn relative to the insulation piercing elements in the electrical terminal. The actuating elements further includes two journals. Each journal is located in a corresponding one of the elongated holes and is restricted so that the actuating element, when pivoted out of a first position in which the insertion of an incoming conductor is possible into a second position in which the conductor makes contact with the insulation piercing element, is guided and restricted by the movement of the journals within the elongated holes.

Abstract: A multipole overvoltage protection system for a multiphase power supply system includes a first overvoltage protection element connected in a first leg of the power supply system and a second overvoltage protection element connected in a second leg of the power supply system. The second overvoltage protection element is coupled to the first overvoltage protection element so that the second overvoltage protection element ignites when the first overvoltage protection element ignites and the first overvoltage protection element ignites when the second overvoltage protection element ignites.

Abstract: Cable terminal for end-face connection of the conductors of a preferably multicore cable. The cable terminal includes a plug part provided with contact elements, a core holding and guiding part, and a cable receiver. The core holding and guiding part includes core guidance channels, and the plug part and the and the cable receiver can be connected to one another. In the assembled state, the core holding and guiding part is located between the plug part and the cable receiver. Alignment of the individual cores to the contact elements of the plug part is accomplished by the core holding and guiding part which includes a first section of soft material, and a second section of hard material. In the first section, core guidance channels is provided while in the second section, a positioning aid is formed for exact alignment of the conductors to the contact elements.

Abstract: A cooling element for heat dissipation in one or more electronic components includes a metal element with one or more slit-shaped receiving openings for one or more electronic components that are to be cooled. In its lengthwise extension, each receiving opening has a receiving bore that holds a helical spring and that runs parallel to the lengthwise extension. The receiving bore is arranged in such a way that it is open on the lengthwise side towards the receiving opening and the spring placed in it projects with a radial partial section into the receiving opening that holds the electronic component. As a result, in partial areas, the spring presses the electronic component against the inner wall of the receiving opening that lies opposite from the spring, thus establishing thermal contact.

Abstract: An electrical device such as a ballast for fluorescent lamps and including a housing, a terminal, and a catch element for connecting the terminal to the housing, the catch element including a catch leg for connecting the terminal to the catch element and for connecting the catch element to the housing. Accordingly, the electrical device is designed such that the individual terminal sites of the terminal have minimal positional tolerance so that the terminal can be wired with an automatic installation machine without the danger of misinsertions.

Abstract: A data processing system ensures maximum reaction times. A novel and significantly improved way of ascertaining, checking and/or observing maximum reaction times in data processing systems includes complex or distributed, safe and/or nonsafe systems, particularly between a safe input signal and the corresponding safe output signal, in a flexible and universally applicable manner. Input and/or output data, which are present on the input side of users incorporated in the system, are read in synchronously during each data cycle and checked in relation to currency parameters, which are based on at least one data cycle and associated with the input and/or output data An error is identified in response to a defined discrepancy being reached between at least one currency parameter and a defined currency threshold, and a defined function, particularly a safety-oriented function, are triggered in response to identification of an error.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring safe transmission of data packets between at least two network subscribers is done in a significantly faster way. Safety-based monitoring of the transmission with respect to incorrectly and correctly transmitted data packets is carried out in real time on the basis of an error rate limit value.

Abstract: An integrated circuit for generating targeted bitlength manipulation of a transmitter for output of a serial datastream. A control unit (5) provides instructions regarding respective partial bits in a form of a partial bit vector (7) depending on bit statuses to be sent, and determines bitlengths for the serial datastream for output (9) to a wire or a signaling converter. The datastream (9) is generated using two partial bit register chains (14a-d, 15a-d), whose serial outputs (16, 17) are connected using a joining gate.