Abstract: A process of dissolving into to-be-treated water a peroxodisulfate and metal ions other than ions of alkali metals is performed by pouring equipment. An ultraviolet irradiation apparatus performs a process of treating the to-be-treated water, having the peroxodisulfate and the metal ions other than ions of alkali metals dissolved therein, with ultraviolet rays. By performing UV treatment on the to-be-treated water having the peroxodisulfate and metal ions dissolved therein, the inventive method and system achieve improved TOC decomposing performance and thus can particularly decompose a urea component in an efficient manner. Further, the to-be-treated water may be treated with an ion-exchange resin at a subsequent stage in such a manner that organic acids contained in the to-be-treated water having been subjected to the UV treatment are adsorbed to the ion exchange-resin, with the advantageous result that the concentration of TOC present in the to-be-treated water can be reduced.

Abstract: A mercury discharge lamp includes: a discharge tube having encapsulated therein mercury in the form of an amalgam; and a temperature control member that controls an ambient temperature of the amalgam in such a manner as to compensate for a change in the ambient temperature of the amalgam. The temperature control member may include a bimetal supporting the amalgam at a predetermined position, and the support member is formed or constituted by a bimetal. By the bimetal deforming in response to a change in the ambient temperature of the amalgam, the temperature control member changes a spaced-apart distance of the amalgam to a filament within the discharge tube and thereby changes an influence of heat generation by the filament on the amalgam. The temperature control member may include, near the amalgam, a resistance element whose resistance value changes in response to a temperature to control heat generation thereby.

Abstract: A process of dissolving into to-be-treated water a peroxodisulfate and metal ions other than ions of alkali metals is performed by pouring equipment. An ultraviolet irradiation apparatus performs a process of treating the to-be-treated water, having the peroxodisulfate and the metal ions other than ions of alkali metals dissolved therein, with ultraviolet rays. By performing UV treatment on the to-be-treated water having the peroxodisulfate and metal ions dissolved therein, the inventive method and system achieve improved TOC decomposing performance and thus can particularly decompose a urea component in an efficient manner. Further, the to-be-treated water may be treated with an ion-exchange resin at a subsequent stage in such a manner that organic acids contained in the to-be-treated water having been subjected to the UV treatment are adsorbed to the ion exchange-resin, with the advantageous result that the concentration of TOC present in the to-be-treated water can be reduced.

Abstract: The inventive device efficiently cools, with a simple construction, heat generated from an ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED). The UV-LED is accommodated in a housing that has an open end and an ultraviolet-transparent closing end. A portion of the housing adjacent to the closing end contacts to-be-treated liquid, ultraviolet rays generated from the UV-LED are irradiated to the to-be-treated liquid, and the housing is cooled by the to-be-treated liquid. In this way, the heat generated from the UV-LED can be cooled with a simple construction without use of arrangements for introducing dedicated cooling fluid for cooling the UV-LED. A heat discharge block for discharging to the outside the heat generated from the UV-LED may be provided at or adjacent to the open end of the housing. Further, the present invention may be constructed in such a manner that a portion of the discharge section directly contacts the to-be-treated liquid.

Abstract: A discharge lamp includes a discharge tube containing electrodes, and base sections. The base sections have terminals for connecting to external power lines, and internal power lines for connecting the terminals to the electrodes within the discharge tube. Information generation devices that generates information to be output to outside are provided within the base sections. Superimposition circuits that superpose the information, generated by the information generation devices, on the internal power lines within the base sections are also provided within the base sections. The information generation devices include sensors and generate information based on output of the sensors. A receiving circuit extracts and receives the information, superposed on the internal power lines, from the external power lines connected to the internal power lines. Thus, information generated on the discharge lamp side can be transmitted to outside with a simple construction.

Abstract: A disclosed apparatus includes: a vessel accommodating an object to be treated; an ultraviolet ray lamp that emits ultraviolet rays to the object to be treated; a control unit accommodating circuit equipment that controls energization of the ultraviolet ray lamp; and two (i.e., first and second) fans disposed in series with each other in an exhaust opening, formed in a casing of the control unit, for cooling the circuit equipment within the control unit. While the apparatus is in operation, the first fan is normally kept in a driven state and an air flow exhausted by the first fan passes through the second fan while idling the second fan. The apparatus further includes an abnormality detector that detects an abnormality of the first fan, such that the second fan is activated in response to the abnormality of the first fan being detected by the abnormality detector.

Abstract: A light-shielding strip, for preventing a sealing member from deterioration due to ultraviolet rays, is made of a ultraviolet-shielding material having a resilient plate shape, and comprises: a main light-shielding portion having a length according to at least a circumferential length of an inner periphery of a lamp-protective tube; and first and second overlap portions extending from respective ones of both ends of the main light-shielding portion in a longitudinal direction with each forming a non-parallel convergence shape. The light-shielding strip, rolled in the longitudinal direction, is disposed in the lamp-protective tube to closely fit to the inner periphery of the lamp-protective tube and positioned to oppose to the sealing member. Repulsive force against bending force around an end portion of the light-shielding strip can be dispersed due to the non-parallel convergence shape of the overlap portions, so that a possible-raised portion around the end portion can be suppressed.

Abstract: Discharge lamp includes a synthetic quartz glass tube having an inside diameter of 8 mm or over and a pair of filaments provided within and at opposite ends of the glass tube with an L (cm) filament-to-filament distance, and rare gas and metal including at least mercury are sealed in the interior of the glass tube. Lamp voltage V (V) and lamp current I (A) during illumination of the discharge lamp, filament-to-filament distance L (cm) and inside diameter D (cm) of the glass tube have relationship represented by the following mathematical expression. Namely, (V−Vf)/L=X/({square root over ( )}D·{square root over ( )}I) and 2.6≦X≦4.2, where Vf is a constant factor depending solely on a illuminating power source and where that if the discharge lamp is illuminated by a high-frequency power source of 1 kHz or over, Vf is 10, but if the discharge lamp is illuminated by a power source of 1 kHz or below, Vf is 50.

Abstract: In a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp which has an effective light emission length not shorter than 40 cm and a lamp input density not lower than 0.9 W/cm and which contains at least mercury as a light-emitting metal and an activating rare gas, the mercury is provided in an amalgam with another metal, and a thin coating functioning to trap a very minute amount of the mercury is formed on a glass inner surface of the discharge lamp. The thin coating contains, as its main ingredient, an oxide of at least one metal selected from a group of aluminum, silicon, calcium, magnesium, yttrium, zirconium and hafnium. The amalgam is secured to one or more locations of the glass inner surface facing a discharge space of the discharge lamp. Thus, it is possible to lower a necessary discharge-starting voltage and accelerate a rise time of a light amount of ultraviolet rays.

Abstract: Discharge lamp includes a synthetic quartz glass tube having an inside diameter of 8 mm or over and a pair of filaments provided within and at opposite ends of the glass tube with an L (cm) filament-to-filament distance, and rare gas and metal including at least mercury are sealed in the interior of the glass tube. Lamp voltage V (V) and lamp current I (A) during illumination of the discharge lamp, filament-to-filament distance L (cm) and inside diameter D (cm) of the glass tube have relationship represented by the following mathematical expression. Namely, (V−Vf)/L=X/({square root}{square root over ( )}D·{square root}{square root over ( )}I) and 2.6≧X≧4.2, where Vf is a constant factor depending solely on a illuminating power source and wherethat if the discharge lamp is illuminated by a high-frequency power source of 1 kHz or over, Vf is 10, but if the discharge lamp is illuminated by a power source of 1 kHz or below, Vf is 50.

Abstract: A scraper for removing deposits from the exterior of a tubular member includes elements defining an outer jacket which has an inwardly open circumferential recess and two aligned axial openings, and a scraper element in the form of an elongate resilient wire bent to define a series of integral, concatenated, resilient segments, each pair of adjacent segments being connected through a bend or geniculation. All geniculations are received within the recess, and each segment of wire extends generally along a chord of the aligned axial openings. The positions of the chords are distributed around the circumference of the axial openings such that, in order for the tubular member to be accommodated through the aligned openings, the various segments must be deformed outwardly, whereby the resilience of the thus deformed segment urges it inwardly against the tubular member, and causes it to clean the tubular member as the scraper moves axially.

Abstract: A UV irradiation apparatus for treating fluids employs light transmission tubes having UV lamps therein and a smooth fluorocarbon resin layer over the outside surface of the tubes. For example, a Teflon.RTM. sheath or film over the outside surface of the tubes may be employed. A tightly fitted scraper ring with an attached cleaning fluid chamber reciprocates over the coated tubes to clean contaminants from the surface thereof, which contaminants would otherwise impair the UV irradiation ability of the lamps within the tubes.

Abstract: The efficiency of liquid light irradiation treatments is improved by making it possible to perform continuous liquid light irradiation treatments without lowering the purity of the treated liquid and without any need for interrupting the light irradiation treatment or disassembling the device. This is accomplished by stripping away contaminants adhering to all of the light-transmitting tubes of light irradiating modules (which make up the light irradiating device) during the light irradiation treatment of the liquid in question.

Abstract: An ultraviolet light irradiation apparatus providing combined mechanical and chemical cleaning of light irradiation tubes for removing radiation blocking precipitates from the surface of the tubes. A scraper ring is fitted to the outside of each of the tubes and includes a chamber for receiving a relatively small quantity of cleaning solution. The scraper rings are reciprocated in a sliding action along the tubes which action synergistically acts with the cleaning solution to remove precipitates from the tube surface including fine particles lodged in concave pits in the tube surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simplifed construction of a light irradiating device having light irradiating modules by facilitating the attachment of a plurality of light-transmitting tubes containing light irradiating lamps to a frame. The present invention further simplifies the manufacture of the overall light irradiating device by installing a plurality of such light irradiating modules as detachable integral units inside a housing.Light irradiating lamps are accommodated inside light-transmitting tubes, each of which is closed off at one end and open at the other end. The open end portions of a plurality of said light-transmitting tubes are attached in a detachable, water-tight manner to connectors installed on a frame, and the closed end portions of said light-transmitting tubes are attached in a detachable manner to detachable holders which are installed on the aforementioned frame, thus forming a light irradiating module.

Abstract: An ultraviolet light irradiation apparatus providing combined mechanical and chemical cleaning of light irradiation tubes for removing radiation blocking precipitates from the surface of the tubes. A scraper ring is fitted to the outside of each of the tubes and includes a chamber for receiving a relatively small quantity of cleaning solution. The scraper rings are reciprocated in a sliding action along the tubes which action synergistically acts with the cleaning solution to remove precipitates from the tube surface including fine particles lodged in concave pits in the tube surface.